{"title":"Semiconductor Wafers \u0026 Substrates","description":"\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMSE Supplies \u003c\/strong\u003eprovides both standard and customized high quality \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSemiconductor Wafers and Substrates \u003c\/span\u003efor a wide range of applications. Wafers are mainly serve as the base for the fabrication of numerous semiconductor devices. Through a series of processing steps, the electronic components like transistors, diodes, and integrated circuits can be created. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePlease note consumable products are nonrefundable or eligible for return. Quality issues or concerns must be reported within 1 week of delivery.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Parameters for \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eSemiconductor Wafers: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea. Material: Silicon is the most common material used for semiconductor wafers. Other materials including Silicon Carbide (SiC), Gallium Nitride (GaN), Gallium Arsenide (GaAs), \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eGlass, Germanium, Sapphire, etc.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb. Diameter: Wafers come in various diameters, with 200mm (8 inches) and 300mm (12 inches) being common sizes in modern semiconductor manufacturing. Larger diameters allow for more chips to be produced from a single wafer, increasing efficiency. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec. Orientation: Wafers are cut from an ingot in specific crystal orientations, usually the \u0026lt;100\u0026gt; or \u0026lt;111\u0026gt; orientation. The orientation affects the electronic properties of the resulting devices.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed. Dopants: Dopants are introduced into the semiconductor material to modify its electrical properties. Common dopants include boron (p-type) and phosphorus (n-type). Dopants are used to create the desired electrical behavior for different semiconductor devices.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee. Thickness: Wafers are sliced from a silicon ingot and have a specific thickness. Thinner wafers are generally more desirable as they reduce the distance that electrical signals must travel within the device, improving performance and reducing power consumption.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ef. Carrier Concentration: Carrier concentration refers to the density of charge carriers (electrons or holes) within the semiconductor material. It affects the conductivity and performance of the device.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eg. Bow and Warp: Wafer bow refers to the slight curvature of a wafer's surface, while warp refers to the overall shape of the wafer. Minimizing bow and warp is crucial for maintaining uniformity during processing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eh. \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eSurface Finish \u0026amp; Roughness: The surface finish of a wafer is critical for process steps like lithography and etching. A smooth and clean surface is necessary for precise patterning and the formation of intricate structures. Most commonly surface finish types including etched, lapped, optical polished, CMP polished, etc. This parameter is often defined as Ra.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePopular Products MSE Offers\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/collections\/single-crystals-wafers-and-crystal-substrates\/al2o3-wafers\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAl\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e (Sapphire)\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e: standard\/patterned\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'San Francisco', 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 0.875rem;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/collections\/single-crystals-wafers-and-crystal-substrates\/diamond-wafer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiamond Wafer\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e: single crystal\/polycrystalline\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'San Francisco', 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/collections\/single-crystals-wafers-and-crystal-substrates\/gan\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eGallium Nitride(GaN)\u003c\/a\u003e: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'San Francisco', 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003eN-type\/Semi-Insulating\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'San Francisco', 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'San Francisco', 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/collections\/single-crystals-wafers-and-crystal-substrates\/silicon-si\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSilicon (Si)\u003c\/a\u003e: \u003c\/strong\u003eU\u003cspan style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'San Francisco', 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003ep to 12 inch in diameter, CZ\/FZ, N-type\/P-type\/intrinsic\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/collections\/silicon-carbide-sic-crystal-substrates-and-wafers\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSilicon Carbide (SiC)\u003c\/a\u003e:\u003c\/strong\u003e 4H\/6H\/3C, N-type\/Semi-Insulating\/HPSI\/P-type\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn summary, semiconductor wafers are a specific type of substrate used for creating semiconductor devices. However, substrates encompass a broader range of materials and applications beyond just wafers, including the underlying materials used in various semiconductor manufacturing processes. Both wafers and substrates are fundamental to the fabrication of electronic components that power modern technology.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan class=\"x_113388196colour\"\u003ePlease note consumable products are non refundable or eligible for return. Quality issues or concerns must be reported within 1 week of delivery.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca title=\"contact MSE Supplies\" href=\"http:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/pages\/contact-us\"\u003eContact us\u003c\/a\u003e today to order semiconductor wafers and substrates that meet your technical specifications.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/pages\/single-crystals-wafers-and-substrate-compositions\" title=\"List of Crystal Wafer and Substrate Compositions\"\u003eClick here for a composition list of our Crystals, Wafers and Substrates\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/collections\/scribing-and-cleaving-tools-for-wafers-glass-and-crystal-substrates\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClick here to shop for Scribing, Cleaving and Cutting Tools for Wafers, Glass and Crystal Substrates\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca title=\"Wafer Carrier Cases, Membrane Boxes, Sticky Gel Boxes\" href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/collections\/wafer-carrier-cases-membrane-boxes-sticky-gel-boxes\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClick here to shop wafer carrier cases, membrane boxes and stick gel carrier boxes. \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"mse-pro-2-inch-si-doped-n-type-gan-4-5-um-gallium-nitride-template-on-sapphire-0001","title":"MSE PRO 2 inch Si-doped N-type GaN 4.5 um Gallium Nitride Template on Sapphire (0001)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eFeatures for 2 in Si-doped N-type 4.5 um Gallium Nitride Template on Sapphire, SSP or DSP\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePart No: WA0204 for SSP sapphire substrate, WA0223 for DSP sapphire substrate\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConductivity type: N-Type (Si-doped)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSapphire Substrate Polish: Single side polish (SSP) or double side polish (DSP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 50.8 mm +\/- 0.2 mm (2 inch diameter)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness\/Thickness STD:4.5 ±1 μm \/ \u0026lt; 3%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsable area: \u0026gt; 90% (edge and macro defects exclusion)\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation of GaN: C plane (0001) off angle toward A-axis 0.2 ± 0.1 deg\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResistivity (300K): \u0026lt; 0.05 Ohm-cm \u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation of sapphire substrate: C plane (0001) off angle toward M-axis 0.2 ± 0.1 deg\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePackage: packaged in a clean room environment, in cassettes or single wafer containers.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRelated References:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Si- and Ge-Doped GaN Films Grown with GaN Buffer Layers\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display: inline !important;\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1143\/JJAP.31.2883\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1143\/JJAP.31.2883\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Band-gap re-normalization and band filling in Si-doped GaN films studied by photoluminescence spectroscopy\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.371377\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.371377\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. The role of dislocation scattering in \u003ci\u003en\u003c\/i\u003e-type GaN films\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.122012\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.122012\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Activation energies of Si donors in GaN\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.115805\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.115805\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sectionInfo abstractSectionHeading\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"sectionHeading\" id=\"fragmentNav_0\"\u003eABSTRACT\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003eThe electronic properties of Si donors in\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eheteroepitaxial\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003elayers of\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eGaN\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ewere investigated. The\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ci\u003en-\u003c\/i\u003etype\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eGaN\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003elayers were grown by\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003emetal organic chemical vapor deposition\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eand either intentionally\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003edoped\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ewith Si or unintentionally\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003edoped.\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eThe samples were evaluated by variable\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003etemperature\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eHall effect\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003emeasurements\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eand\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ephotoluminescence\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e(PL)\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003espectroscopy.\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eFor both types of samples the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ci\u003en\u003c\/i\u003e¨«type conductivity was found to be dominated by a donor with an\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eactivation energy between 12 and 17 meV. This donor is attributed to Si atoms substituting for Ga in the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eGaN\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003elattice (Si\u003csub\u003eGa\u003c\/sub\u003e). The range of\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eactivation energies\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eis due to different levels of donor concentrations and acceptor compensation in our samples. The assignment of a PL signature to a donor acceptor pair recombination involving the Si donor level as the initial state of the radiative transition yields the position of the optical Si donor level in the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eGaN\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eband gap\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eat u\u003ci\u003eE\u003c\/i\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003ci\u003ec\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/sub\u003e(22+\/-4) meV. A deeper donor level is also present in our\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eGaN\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ematerial with an\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eactivation energy\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eof 34 meV which is tentatively assigned to oxygen donors substituting for nitrogen (O\u003csub\u003eN\u003c\/sub\u003e).\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cmain class=\"wrapper main-content\" role=\"main\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"grid\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"grid-item large--three-fifths\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/main\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies LLC","offers":[{"title":"Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":22126784964,"sku":"WA0204","price":845.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":23111103021114,"sku":"WA0223","price":854.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/003_MSE_PRO_2_inch_Si-doped_N-type_GaN_4_5_um_Gallium_Nitride_Template_on_Sapphire_0_75b82b774e.jpg?v=1777492609"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-5-x-10-mm-non-polar-undoped-n-type-gallium-nitride-gan-single-crystal","title":"MSE PRO 5 x 10 mm Non-Polar Undoped N-Type Gallium Nitride GaN Single Crystal","description":"\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003eProduct #: WA0235\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eConductivity type\u003c\/strong\u003e: N-Type (undoped)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDimension:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5.0 mm x 10 mm +\/- 0.2 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eThickness:\u003c\/strong\u003e 350 +\/- 25 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eUsable area:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt; 90%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOrientation:\u003c\/strong\u003e Other Non-polar planes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/Off-cut_specs_of_non-polar_GaN_large.JPG?v=1476911191\" width=\"386\" height=\"225\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTotal Thickness Variation: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u0026lt;15 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBow: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u0026lt;20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResistivity (300K)\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u0026lt; 0.5 Ohm-cm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCarrier Concentration: \u003c\/strong\u003e1e17cm\u003csup\u003e-3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMobility:\u003c\/strong\u003e 500 cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\/(V*s)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDislocation Density:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026lt; 5x10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e cm\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePolishing: \u003c\/strong\u003efront surface Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm. Epi-ready polished. back surface fine ground.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePackage: \u003c\/strong\u003epackaged in a class 100 clean room environment, in single wafer containers, under nitrogen atmosphere.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReference:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Nonpolar GaN substrates grown by ammonothermal method\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.3227893\"\u003ehttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.3227893\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sectionInfo abstractSectionHeading\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sectionHeading\" id=\"fragmentNav_0\"\u003eABSTRACT\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003eIn this letter, the authors demonstrate large size\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"equationTd inline-formula\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"MathJax\" id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" data-mathml='\u0026lt;math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\" altimg=\"eq-00001.gif\"\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mi\u0026gt;m\u0026lt;\/mi\u0026gt;\u0026lt;\/math\u0026gt;' role=\"presentation\" style=\"display: inline; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: 20px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px 2px 0px 0px; margin: 0px; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"\u003e\u003cnobr aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"math\" id=\"MathJax-Span-1\" overflow=\"scroll\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mrow\" id=\"MathJax-Span-2\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mi\" id=\"MathJax-Span-3\"\u003em\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/nobr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e-plane\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cnamed-content xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:ali=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/schemas\/ali\/1.0\/\" xmlns:xsi=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:oasis=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/standards\/z39-96\/ns\/oasis-exchange\/table\" content-type=\"sem:AIPTh1.2\" rid=\"kwd1.1\"\u003eGaN\u003c\/named-content\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003esubstrates\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cnamed-content xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:ali=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/schemas\/ali\/1.0\/\" xmlns:xsi=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:oasis=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/standards\/z39-96\/ns\/oasis-exchange\/table\" content-type=\"sem:AIPTh1.2\" rid=\"kwd1.5 kwd1.7\"\u003egrown\u003c\/named-content\u003eby ammonothermal method. These substrates have excellent structural quality. The concentration of threading\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cnamed-content xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:ali=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/schemas\/ali\/1.0\/\" xmlns:xsi=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:oasis=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/standards\/z39-96\/ns\/oasis-exchange\/table\" content-type=\"sem:AIPTh1.2\" rid=\"kwd1.6\"\u003edislocation\u003c\/named-content\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003edensity is below\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"equationTd inline-formula\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"MathJax\" id=\"MathJax-Element-2-Frame\" data-mathml='\u0026lt;math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\" altimg=\"eq-00002.gif\"\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mrow\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mn\u0026gt;5\u0026lt;\/mn\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mo\u0026gt;\u0026amp;#xD7;\u0026lt;\/mo\u0026gt;\u0026lt;msup\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mrow\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mn\u0026gt;10\u0026lt;\/mn\u0026gt;\u0026lt;\/mrow\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mn\u0026gt;4\u0026lt;\/mn\u0026gt;\u0026lt;\/msup\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mtext\u0026gt;\u0026amp;#x2002;\u0026lt;\/mtext\u0026gt;\u0026lt;msup\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mrow\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mtext\u0026gt;cm\u0026lt;\/mtext\u0026gt;\u0026lt;\/mrow\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mrow\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mo\u0026gt;\u0026amp;#x2212;\u0026lt;\/mo\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mn\u0026gt;2\u0026lt;\/mn\u0026gt;\u0026lt;\/mrow\u0026gt;\u0026lt;\/msup\u0026gt;\u0026lt;\/mrow\u0026gt;\u0026lt;\/math\u0026gt;' role=\"presentation\" style=\"display: inline; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: 20px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px 2px 0px 0px; margin: 0px; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"\u003e\u003cnobr aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"math\" id=\"MathJax-Span-4\" overflow=\"scroll\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mrow\" id=\"MathJax-Span-5\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mrow\" id=\"MathJax-Span-6\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"msup\" id=\"MathJax-Span-14\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mrow\" id=\"MathJax-Span-17\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mn\" id=\"MathJax-Span-19\"\u003e2\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/nobr\u003e\u003cspan class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\" role=\"presentation\"\u003e\u003cmath xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\" altimg=\"eq-00002.gif\"\u003e\u003cmrow\u003e\u003cmn\u003e5\u003c\/mn\u003e\u003cmo\u003ex\u003c\/mo\u003e\u003cmsup\u003e\u003cmrow\u003e\u003cmn\u003e10^\u003c\/mn\u003e\u003c\/mrow\u003e\u003cmn\u003e4\u003c\/mn\u003e\u003c\/msup\u003e\u003cmtext\u003e\/\u003c\/mtext\u003e\u003cmsup\u003e\u003cmrow\u003e\u003cmtext\u003ecm\u003c\/mtext\u003e\u003c\/mrow\u003e\u003cmrow\u003e\u003cmn\u003e2\u003c\/mn\u003e\u003c\/mrow\u003e\u003c\/msup\u003e\u003c\/mrow\u003e\u003c\/math\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"formulaLabel\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eand the full width at half maximum for the symmetrical and asymmetrical peaks equals 16 and 19 arcsec, respectively. Also good optical quality, the energy gap-related transition is clearly observed at room temperature in\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cnamed-content xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:ali=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/schemas\/ali\/1.0\/\" xmlns:xsi=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:oasis=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/standards\/z39-96\/ns\/oasis-exchange\/table\" content-type=\"sem:AIPTh1.2\" rid=\"kwd1.3\"\u003ephotoluminescence\u003c\/named-content\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eand contactless electroreflectance\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cnamed-content xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:ali=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/schemas\/ali\/1.0\/\" xmlns:xsi=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:oasis=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/standards\/z39-96\/ns\/oasis-exchange\/table\" content-type=\"sem:AIPTh1.2\" rid=\"kwd1.10\"\u003espectra.\u003c\/named-content\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cnamed-content xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:ali=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/schemas\/ali\/1.0\/\" xmlns:xsi=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:oasis=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/standards\/z39-96\/ns\/oasis-exchange\/table\" content-type=\"sem:AIPTh1.2\" rid=\"kwd1.1\"\u003eGaN\u003c\/named-content\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eepilayers deposited on these substrates exhibit intrinsic narrow\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cnamed-content xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:ali=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/schemas\/ali\/1.0\/\" xmlns:xsi=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:oasis=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/standards\/z39-96\/ns\/oasis-exchange\/table\" content-type=\"sem:AIPTh1.2\" rid=\"kwd1.4\"\u003eexciton\u003c\/named-content\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003elines which are very sensitive to the optical selection rules typical for hexagonal symmetry, proving truly nonpolar character of the material.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003e2. Thesis: Growth and characterization of non-polar GaN materials and investigation of efficiency droop in InGaN light emitting diodes\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003ehttps:\/\/scholarscompass.vcu.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=3234\u0026amp;context=etd\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41420242255930,"sku":"WA0235","price":757.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/004_MSE_PRO_5_x_10_mm_Non-Polar_Undoped_N-Type_Gallium_Nitride_GaN_Single_Crystal_2e1ddfc3dd.jpg?v=1778622842"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-4-inch-n-type-undoped-gan-4-um-gallium-nitride-template-on-sapphire-0001","title":"MSE PRO 4 inch N-Type Undoped GaN 4 um Gallium Nitride Template on Sapphire (0001)","description":"\u003cp\u003e4 inch GaN Templates on Sapphire (0001), N-type (undoped), GaN 4 um\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c!-- Header hook for plugins 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]]\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cscript type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"\/\/ajax.googleapis.com\/ajax\/libs\/jquery\/1.11.0\/jquery.min.js\"\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e \u003cscript type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0716\/2167\/t\/2\/assets\/modernizr.min.js?102\"\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cmain class=\"wrapper main-content\" role=\"main\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"grid\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"grid-item large--three-fifths\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProduct SKU#: WA0213\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConductivity type: N-Type (undoped)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 100 mm +\/- 0.1 mm (4 inch diameter)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGaN Thickness:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4.5\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e+\/-\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e 0.5 um\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsable area: \u0026gt;90%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation of GaN: C plane (0001) off angle toward A-axis 0.2 ± 0.1\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Orientation Flat of GaN: (1-100) +\/- 0.2 deg, length 30.0 +\/- 1.0 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTotal Thickness Variation (TTV): \u0026lt;25 um\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResistivity (300K): \u0026lt; 0.5 Ohm-cm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDislocation Density: \u0026lt; 5x10^8 cm^-2\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCarrier concentration: \u0026gt; 2x10\u003csup\u003e18 \u003c\/sup\u003ecm\u003csup\u003e-3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMobility \u0026gt; 200 cm2\/V-s\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eXRD FWHMs: (0002) \u0026lt; 300 arcsec, (10-12) \u0026lt; 400 arcsec\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSurface AFM RMS: \u0026lt; 0.5 nm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSapphire substrate thickness: 650 +\/- 25 \u003cspan\u003eu\u003c\/span\u003em\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation of sapphire substrate: C plane (0001) off angle toward M-axis 0.2 ± 0.1, \u003cspan\u003e length 30.0 +\/- 1.0 mm\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubstrate Structure: GaN\/Sapphire (0001)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: single side polished (SSP) is standard, double side polish is available upon request.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePackage: packaged in a class 100 clean room environment, in single wafer containers.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRelated references: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. \u003cspan class=\"ng-binding\"\u003eElectrical Characteristics and Deep Traps Spectra of Undoped GaN Films Grown on Si Using Different Strain-Relieving Buffer Types\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ng-binding\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDOI:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003ca class=\"ng-binding ng-isolate-scope\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TNANO.2013.2294996\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e10.1109\/TNANO.2013.2294996\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ng-binding\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAbstract:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"abstract-text ng-binding\"\u003eElectrical properties of GaN films grown on Si by molecular beam epitaxy using various types of strain-relieving layers have been studied by means of Hall\/van der Pauw measurements, capacitance-voltage profiling, admittance spectroscopy, and deep levels transient spectroscopy with electrical and optical injection. The electrical properties of all grown films were determined by relatively deep electron traps N1, N2, and N3 with aggregate concentration of ~10\u003csup\u003e17\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ecm\u003csup\u003e-3\u003c\/sup\u003e. Freezing out of these traps led to the films freezing out down to the depth corresponding to the nearest underlying heterointerface where a strong band bending caused a sharp nonuniformity of charge carriers concentration. For AlN or Al-rich AlGaN underlying films, this band bending could cause formation of hole sheet charge leading to apparent conductivity to appear p-type in Hall. Other deep traps detected in the grown films were N4 and N5 acceptors with levels near E\u003csub\u003ec\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e- 0.6 eV, and hole traps H1 and H2 with levels near E\u003csub\u003ev\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e+ 0.9 eV. Possible consequences of the observed phenomena for designing the thick GaN stand-off films in power transistors are briefly discussed.\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/main\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41420243566650,"sku":"WA0213","price":1999.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/020_MSE_PRO_4_inch_N-Type_Undoped_GaN_4_um_Gallium_Nitride_Template_on_Sapphire_0001_4f8ad064f8.jpg?v=1777583949"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-2-inch-undoped-n-type-gan-20-um-gallium-nitride-template-on-sapphire-0001","title":"MSE PRO 2 inch Undoped N-Type GaN 20 um Gallium Nitride Template on Sapphire (0001)","description":"\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c!-- Basic page needs ================================================== --\u003e\u003c!-- Title and description ================================================== --\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2 inch high quality GaN Templates on Sapphire (0001), N-type (undoped), GaN 20 microns\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct SKU#:\u003c\/strong\u003e WA0206\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cmain class=\"wrapper main-content\" role=\"main\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"grid\" itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/Product\" itemscope=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"grid-item large--three-fifths\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConductivity type: N-Type (undoped)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 50.8 mm +\/- 0.1 mm (2 inch diameter)\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGaN Thickness: 20 +\/- 2 um \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsable Area: \u0026gt;90%\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation of GaN: C plane (0001) off angle toward A-axis 0.2 ± 0.1\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation Flat of GaN: (1-100) +\/- 0.2 deg, length 16.0 +\/- 1.0 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCarrier Concentration: \u0026lt; 5x10\u003csup\u003e17\u003c\/sup\u003e cm\u003csup\u003e-3\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResistivity (at 300K): \u0026lt; 0.5 Ω·cm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMobility: ~ 300 cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\/V·s\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDislocation Density: \u0026lt; 5x\u003cspan\u003e10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e8\u003c\/sup\u003e \u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: single side polished (SSP), double side polish (DSP) is available per request at additional cost.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSurface Roughness Ra:\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt; 0.5 nm, epi-ready\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSapphire substrate thickness: 430 +\/- 25 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation of sapphire substrate: C plane (0001) off angle toward M-axis 0.2 ± 0.1\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation Flat of sapphire: (11-20) 0 ± 0.2 deg, length 16.0 +\/- 1.0 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePackage: packaged in a clean room environment, in cassettes or single wafer containers.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eRelated References\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e1. \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.physe.2008.09.010\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eCathodoluminescence study of undoped GaN films: Experiment and calculation\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003eAbstract\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id15\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this paper, we report the theoretical and experimental results of cathodoluminescence (CL) from GaN layers grown at 800°C by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) on silicon substrate. The CL spectra recorded at room temperature reveal the near band-edge emission at 3.35-3.42 eV and a broad yellow luminescence at 2.2 eV. The CL depth analysis at constant power excitation shows inhomogeneous CL distribution in depth of these emissions as the electron beam increases from 3 to 25 keV. There appears a blue shift of the CL band-edge peaks with increasing sample depth. This behavior is explained by a change of the fundamental band gap due to residual strain and the local temperature rise under high electron beam excitation. The simulation of the CL excitation and intensity is developed using a consistent two-dimensional (2-D) model based on the electron beam energy dissipation and taking into account the effects of carrier diffusion, internal absorption and the recombination processes in GaN. The influence of electron beam local heating and respective strain effects on the CL signal are also discussed. A comparative study between experimental and simulated CL spectra at room temperature was performed.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/main\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cstyle type=\"text\/css\"\u003e\u003c!--\nhtml {  margin-top:40px; } body { position:relative;}\n--\u003e\u003c\/style\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41420240060474,"sku":"WA0206","price":664.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/021_MSE_PRO_2_inch_Undoped_N-Type_GaN_20_um_Gallium_Nitride_Template_on_Sapphire_000_645e78fc87.jpg?v=1777583956"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-non-linear-crystal-ca-sub-4-sub-yo-bo-sub-3-sub-sub-3-sub-ycob","title":"MSE PRO Non-Linear Crystal Ca\u003csub\u003e4\u003c\/sub\u003e YO(BO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e )\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e  YCOB","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct Information: Crystals can be customized\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFormulation: \u003c\/strong\u003eCa\u003csub\u003e4\u003c\/sub\u003eYO(BO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e)\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e (YCOB)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize: \u003c\/strong\u003efrom 5 x 5 mm to 50 x 50 mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThickness: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e50 ~ 40 mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOptical Homogeneity: \u003cspan\u003eΔ\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003csub\u003en\u003c\/sub\u003e \u0026lt; 10\u003csup\u003e-5 \u003c\/sup\u003ecm\u003csup\u003e-1\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTransparency Range:  \u003c\/strong\u003e202 ~ 25000 nm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSurface Finish: \u003c\/strong\u003e1\/8 \u003cspan\u003eλ\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSurface Roughness (Polished): \u003c\/strong\u003eDSP, Ra ≤1 nm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOrientations: \u003c\/strong\u003e(30.5°, 180\u003cspan\u003e°\u003c\/span\u003e) or (26.5\u003cspan\u003e°\u003c\/span\u003e, 180\u003cspan\u003e°\u003c\/span\u003e) or (150.9\u003cspan\u003e°\u003c\/span\u003e, 0\u003cspan\u003e°\u003c\/span\u003e) or following customer specifications\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":10431949124,"sku":"CS0107","price":0.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/051_MSE_PRO_Non-Linear_Crystal_Ca_sub_4_sub_YO_BO_sub_3_sub_sub_3_sub_YCOB_e8f116dc23.jpg?v=1777608000"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-2-inch-sapphire-wafer-c-plane-single-or-double-side-polish-al-sub-2-sub-o-sub-3-sub-single-crystal","title":"MSE PRO 2 inch Sapphire Wafer C-Plane Single or Double Side Polish Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e Single Crystal","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSapphire Wafer, 2 inch, C-plane (0001), Prime Grade\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustomized sapphire wafers and windows are available upon request\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Sapphire_Wafer_-SDS.pdf?v=1612456877\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProduct SKU#:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWA0405\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003esingle side polished,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWA0402\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003edouble side polished 400um,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWA0401\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003edouble side polished 300um,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWA0422\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003edouble side polished 200um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaterial: High Purity \u0026gt;99.99%, single crystal Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 50.80 mm +\/- 0.10 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 430 um +\/- 25 um for SSP (other thickness available upon request)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLattice Parameter: a=4.785 A, c=12.991 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDensity: 3.98 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: C plane (0001) to M (1-100) 0.2 +\/- 0.1 degree off.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Flat Orientation: A-plane [11-20] \u003cspan\u003e+\/-\u003c\/span\u003e 0.2 deg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Flat Length: 16.0 +\/- 1.0 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTotal Thickness Variation (TTV): \u0026lt;5 um (SSP), ≤6 um (DSP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBow: -10 to 0 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWarp: \u0026lt;10 um (SSP), \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≤ 20 um (DSP)\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient: 6.66 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/ °C parallel to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis, 5 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/°C perpendicular to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Strength:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4.8 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eV\/cm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Constant: 11.5 (1 MHz) along C axis, 9.3 \u003cspan\u003e(1 MHz) perpendicular to C axis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDielectric Loss Tangent (a.k.a. dissipation factor): less than 1 x 10\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e4\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThermal Conductivity: 40 W\/(m.K) at 20℃ \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: single side polished (SSP) polished side surface Ra \u0026lt; 0.3 nm (AFM), back side fine-ground Ra = 0.8 ~ 1.2 um, or double side polished (DSP) both front and back sides surface Ra \u0026lt; 0.3 nm (AFM)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":11739873348,"sku":"WA0405","price":32.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Double Side Polished (DSP) 400 um","offer_id":19388059254842,"sku":"WA0402","price":37.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Double Side Polished (DSP) 300 um","offer_id":31228491628602,"sku":"WA0401","price":54.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Double Side Polished (DSP) 200 um","offer_id":31228493037626,"sku":"WA0422","price":60.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/054_MSE_PRO_2_inch_Sapphire_Wafer_C-Plane_Single_or_Double_Side_Polish_Al_sub_2_sub__4c7f75c079.jpg?v=1777608042"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-3-inch-sapphire-wafer-c-plane-single-or-double-side-polish-al-sub-2-sub-o-sub-3-sub-single-crystal","title":"MSE PRO 3 inch Sapphire Wafer C-Plane Single or Double Side Polish Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e Single Crystal","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSapphire Wafer, 3 inch, C-plane (0001), Prime Grade, Single or Double Side Polish Al2O3 Single Crystal\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustomized sapphire wafers and windows are available upon request\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Sapphire_Wafer_-SDS.pdf?v=1612456877\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProduct SKU#:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWA0407\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003efor single side polished,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWA0406\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003efor double side polished (600um thickness), \u003cstrong\u003eWA0428\u003c\/strong\u003e for double side polished (430um thickness)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaterial: High Purity \u0026gt;99.99% single crystal Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiameter: 76.2 mm +\/- 0.1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 440 \u003cspan\u003eu\u003c\/span\u003em +\/- 25 \u003cspan\u003eu\u003c\/span\u003em (SSP), 600 \u003cspan\u003eu\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003em\u003c\/span\u003e or 430 \u003cspan\u003eu\u003c\/span\u003em +\/- 25 \u003cspan\u003eu\u003c\/span\u003em (DSP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLattice Parameters: a=4.785 A, c=12.991 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDensity: 3.98 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: C plane (0001) +\/- 0.3 degree, R-plane (1-102), A-plane (11-20), M-plane (10-10) are available.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary flat orientation: A-plane +\/- 0.3 degree\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary flat length: 22.0 mm +\/- 1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTotal Thickness Variation (TTV): \u0026lt;15 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBow: \u0026lt;15 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWarp: \u0026lt;15 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient: 6.66 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/ °C parallel to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis, 5 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/°C perpendicular to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Strength:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4.8 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eV\/cm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Constant: 11.5 (1 MHz) along C axis, 9.3 \u003cspan\u003e(1 MHz) perpendicular to C axis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDielectric Loss Tangent (a.k.a. dissipation factor): less than 1 x 10\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e4\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThermal Conductivity: 42W\/(m.K) at 20℃ \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: single side polished (SSP) front side epi-ready surface Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm (AFM), back side fine-ground Ra = 0.8 ~ 1.2 \u003cspan\u003eu\u003c\/span\u003em, or double side polished (DSP) both front and back sides epi-ready surface Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm (AFM)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":11739947588,"sku":"WA0407","price":87.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Double Side Polished (DSP) 430 um","offer_id":31254313107514,"sku":"WA0428","price":105.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Double Side Polished (DSP) 600 um","offer_id":31254313140282,"sku":"WA0406","price":98.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/055_MSE_PRO_3_inch_Sapphire_Wafer_C-Plane_Single_or_Double_Side_Polish_Al_sub_2_sub__247c7e384a.jpg?v=1777608055"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-4-inch-sapphire-wafer-c-plane-single-or-double-side-polish-al-sub-2-sub-o-sub-3-sub-single-crystal","title":"MSE PRO 4 inch Sapphire Wafer C-Plane Single or Double Side Polish Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e Single Crystal","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSapphire Wafer, 4 inch, C-plane (0001), Prime Grade\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustomized sapphire wafers and windows are available upon request\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Sapphire_Wafer_-SDS.pdf?v=1612456877\" target=\"_blank\" data-mce-href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Sapphire_Wafer_-SDS.pdf?v=1612456877\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\" data-mce-src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\" data-mce-selected=\"1\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProduct SKU#:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWA0408\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003efor single side polished,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWA0409\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003efor double side polished\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaterial: High Purity, \u0026gt;99.99%, single crystal Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 100.0 mm +\/- 0.1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 650 um +\/- 25 um (SSP) , 600 um +\/- 25 um (DSP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLattice Parameter: a=4.785 A, c=12.991 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDensity: 3.98 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: C plane sapphire (0001) off M plane 0.2+\/- 0.1 degree, R-plane (1-102), A-plane (11-20), M-plane (10-10) are available.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary flat orientation: A-plane +\/- 0.2 degree\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary flat length: 30.0 +\/- 1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTotal Thickness Variation (TTV): \u0026lt;20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBow: \u0026lt;20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWarp: \u0026lt;20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient: 6.66 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/ °C parallel to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis, 5 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/°C perpendicular to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Strength:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4.8 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eV\/cm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Constant: 11.5 (1 MHz) along C axis, 9.3 \u003cspan\u003e(1 MHz) perpendicular to C axis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDielectric Loss Tangent (a.k.a. dissipation factor): less than 1 x 10\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e4\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThermal Conductivity: 42W\/(m.K) at 20℃ \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: single side polished (SSP) front side epi-ready surface Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm (AFM), back side fine-ground Ra = 0.8 ~ 1.2 um, or double side polished (DSP) both front and back sides epi-ready surface Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm (AFM)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":11739986692,"sku":"WA0408","price":91.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":19455075221562,"sku":"WA0409","price":102.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/056_MSE_PRO_4_inch_Sapphire_Wafer_C-Plane_Single_or_Double_Side_Polish_Al_sub_2_sub__44fce730f1.jpg?v=1777608068"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-6-inch-sapphire-wafer-c-plane-single-or-double-side-polish-al-sub-2-sub-o-sub-3-sub-single-crystal","title":"MSE PRO 6 inch Sapphire Wafer C-Plane Single or Double Side Polish Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e Single Crystal","description":"\u003ch2\u003eFeatures for 6 in Sapphire Wafer C-Plane Single or Double Side Polish, Prime Grade\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustomized sapphire wafers and windows are available upon request\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Sapphire_Wafer_-SDS.pdf?v=1612456877\" data-mce-href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Sapphire_Wafer_-SDS.pdf?v=1612456877\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\" alt=\"\" data-mce-selected=\"1\" data-mce-src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProduct SKU#: \u003cstrong\u003eWA0411\u003c\/strong\u003e for single side polished, \u003cstrong\u003eWA0410\u003c\/strong\u003e for double side polished\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaterial: High purity single crystal Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e, sapphire wafer.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 150.00 mm +\/- 0.20 mm, 6 inch\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 1300 \u003cspan style=\"display: inline !important; float: none; background-color: transparent; color: #000000; cursor: text; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 22.5px; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;\"\u003e+\/-\u003c\/span\u003e 15 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: C plane (0001) off M (1-100) plane 0.2 +\/- 0.1 degree\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary flat orientation: A plane \u003cspan style=\"background-color: transparent; color: #000000; cursor: text; font-family: \u0026amp;quot; helvetica neue\u0026amp;quot;,helvetica,arial,sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 22.5px; min-height: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;\"\u003e+\/- 0.25\u003c\/span\u003e degree\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary flat length: 47.5 mm +\/- 1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTotal Thickness Variation (TTV): ≤10 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBow: -15 to 0 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWarp: \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≤30\u003c\/span\u003e um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient: 6.66 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/ °C parallel to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis, 5 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/°C perpendicular to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Strength:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4.8 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eV\/cm\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Constant: 11.5 (1 MHz) along C axis, 9.3 \u003cspan\u003e(1 MHz) perpendicular to C axis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDielectric Loss Tangent (a.k.a. dissipation factor): less than 1 x 10\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e4\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThermal Conductivity: 40 W\/(m.K) at 20℃ \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: single side polished (SSP) or double side polished (DSP) Ra \u0026lt; 0.3 nm (by AFM). The reverse side of SSP wafer was fine ground to Ra = 0.8 - 1.2 um.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTransmittance: 88% +\/-1 % @460 nm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":11739820548,"sku":"WA0411","price":215.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":23111923040314,"sku":"WA0410","price":259.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/057_MSE_PRO_6_inch_Sapphire_Wafer_C-Plane_Single_or_Double_Side_Polish_Al_sub_2_sub__234de3c99f.jpg?v=1777608082"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-2-in-sapphire-wafer-r-plane-1-102-single-crystal-al-sub-2-sub-o-sub-3-sub","title":"MSE PRO 2 in Sapphire Wafer R-Plane (1-102) Single Crystal Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e","description":"\u003ch2\u003eMSE PRO 2 inch Sapphire Wafer R-plane (1-102) Single Crystal Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Sapphire_Wafer_-SDS.pdf?v=1612456877\" target=\"_blank\" data-mce-href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Sapphire_Wafer_-SDS.pdf?v=1612456877\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\" data-mce-src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\" data-mce-selected=\"1\"\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaterial: High Purity \u0026gt;99.996%, single crystal Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 50.8 mm +\/- 0.1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 0.43 mm standard\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLattice Parameter: a=4.785 A, c=12.991 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDensity: 3.98 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: R-plane (1-102) 0.2 +\/- 0.1 degree\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Flat orientation: Projected C-axis 45 +\/- 2 degree\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary flat length: 16.0 +\/- 1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTotal Thickness Variation: \u0026lt;10 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBow: \u0026lt;10 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWarp: \u0026lt;10 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient: 6.66 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/ °C parallel to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis, 5 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/°C perpendicular to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Strength: 48,000 V\/cm (1,200 V\/mil)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: single side polished Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm (AFM), double size polish is available per request.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":22287460466746,"sku":"WA0415","price":82.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":22287460499514,"sku":"WA0412","price":98.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/058_MSE_PRO_2_in_Sapphire_Wafer_R-Plane_1-102_Single_Crystal_Al_sub_2_sub_O_sub_3_su_8080f01f32.jpg?v=1777608094"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-2-in-sapphire-wafer-a-plane-11-20-single-crystal-al-sub-2-sub-o-sub-3-sub","title":"MSE PRO 2 in Sapphire Wafer A-plane (11-20) Single Crystal Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e","description":"\u003ch2\u003eFeatures of 2 in Sapphire Wafer A-plane (11-20) Single Crystal Al2O3\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Sapphire_Wafer_-SDS.pdf?v=1612456877\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaterial: High Purity \u0026gt;99.996%, single crystal Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 50.8 mm +\/- 0.1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 0.50 mm standard (new batch will be 0.43mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLattice Parameter: a=4.785 A, c=12.991 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDensity: 3.98 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: A-plane (11-20) 0.2 +\/- 0.1 degree\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Flat Orientation: C-plane\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary flat length: 16.0 +\/- 1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTotal Thickness Variation: \u0026lt;10 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBow: \u0026lt;10 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWarp: \u0026lt;10 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient: 6.66 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/ °C parallel to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis, 5 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/°C perpendicular to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Strength: 48,000 V\/cm (1,200 V\/mil)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: single side polished Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm (AFM), double size polish is available per request.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":11749853188,"sku":"WA0413","price":76.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":22655558778938,"sku":"WA0424","price":93.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/059_MSE_PRO_2_in_Sapphire_Wafer_A-plane_11-20_Single_Crystal_Al_sub_2_sub_O_sub_3_su_dbfd76a4a0.jpg?v=1777608109"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-2-in-sapphire-wafer-m-plane-10-10-single-crystal-al-sub-2-sub-o-sub-3-sub","title":"MSE PRO 2 in Sapphire Wafer M-plane (10-10) Single Crystal Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e","description":"\u003ch2\u003eFeatures of 2 in Sapphire Wafer M-plane (10-10) Single Crystal Al2O3\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Sapphire_Wafer_-SDS.pdf?v=1612456877\" target=\"_blank\" data-mce-href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Sapphire_Wafer_-SDS.pdf?v=1612456877\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\" data-mce-src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\" data-mce-selected=\"1\"\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaterial: High Purity \u0026gt;99.996%, single crystal Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 50.8 mm +\/- 0.1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 0.43 mm standard\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLattice Parameter: a=4.785 A, c=12.991 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDensity: 3.98 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: M-plane (10-10) 0.2 +\/- 0.1 degree\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary flat orientation: C-plane [11-20] +\/- 0.2 deg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary flat length: 16.0 +\/- 1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTotal Thickness Variation: \u0026lt;10 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBow: \u0026lt;10 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWarp: \u0026lt;10 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient: 6.66 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/ °C parallel to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis, 5 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/°C perpendicular to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Strength: 48,000 V\/cm (1,200 V\/mil)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: single side polished Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm (AFM), double size polish is available per request.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":11749865604,"sku":"WA0414","price":76.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":22655569068090,"sku":"WA0423","price":93.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/060_MSE_PRO_2_in_Sapphire_Wafer_M-plane_10-10_Single_Crystal_Al_sub_2_sub_O_sub_3_su_d4a47db32c.jpg?v=1777608124"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-2-inch-semi-insulating-gan-2-um-gallium-nitride-template-on-sapphire-0001-1","title":"MSE PRO 2 inch Semi-Insulating GaN 2 um Gallium Nitride Template on Sapphire (0001)","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct Description:\u003c\/strong\u003e 2 inch Semi-Insulating GaN 2 um Gallium Nitride Template on Sapphire (0001)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct SKU#:\u003c\/strong\u003e WA0203\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecifications:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConductivity type: semi-insulating\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDoping type: un specified\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 2 inch diameter\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGaN Thickness: 2 micron +\/-10%\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: C plane (0001) +\/- 0.5 deg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Orientation Flat: (1-100) +\/- 0.5 degree, length 16.0 +\/- 1.0 mm\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResistivity (300K): \u0026gt;1x10\u003csup\u003e6 \u003c\/sup\u003eOhm-cm\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubstrate Structure: GaN on Sapphire (0001)\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSapphire substrate thickness: 430 +\/- 25 um\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation of sapphire substrate: C plane (0001) off angle toward M-axis 0.2 ± 0.1\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation Flat of sapphire: (11-20) 0 ± 0.2 deg, length 16.0 +\/- 1.0 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: as grown\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRelated Reference\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.nrl.navy.mil\/estd\/sites\/www.nrl.navy.mil.estd\/files\/pdfs\/08-1226-1056.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSemi-insulating GaN substrates for high-frequency device fabrication\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAbstract\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThick c-plane unintentional doped and iron-doped GaN substrates were grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxial technique on sapphire substrates. The morphology and crystalline quality of the freestanding samples show no evident degradation due to iron doping. Low-temperature photoluminescence measurements show reduction of the exciton-bound to neutral impurities band intensities with iron doping increase. Near-infrared photoluminescence studies confirm the incorporation and activation of iron impurities. Variable temperature resistivity measurements verified that the iron-doped films are semi-insulating.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41420217974842,"sku":"WA0203","price":899.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/075_MSE_PRO_2_inch_Semi-Insulating_GaN_2_um_Gallium_Nitride_Template_on_Sapphire_000_4aade5eeff.jpg?v=1777608319"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-cerium-fluoride-cef-sub-3-sub-crystal","title":"MSE PRO Cerium Fluoride CeF\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e Crystal","description":"\u003cp\u003eCerium fluoride, CeF\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e, is a good scintillation crystal with high density and short decay time. Cerium fluoride crystal is a good material in measurement applications of high counting rate, strong absorption irradiation and high resolution processes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-CeF3_Crystals-SDS.pdf?v=1605193325\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMSE Supplies offers the following choices: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh quality CeF\u003csub\u003e3 \u003c\/sub\u003escintillation crystal\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh quality CeF\u003csub\u003e3 \u003c\/sub\u003ecrystal materials in customized shapes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSurface coatings such as AR coatings can be applied to the \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eCeF\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e crystals\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ctable id=\"table_19\" border=\"1\" class=\"OBJ-27\" style=\"width: 524px;\"\u003e\n\u003ccolgroup\u003e \u003ccol\u003e \u003ccol\u003e \u003ccol\u003e \u003c\/colgroup\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-1\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-9\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-11\"\u003eGeneral Properties of CeF3 Crystal\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-1\" style=\"width: 101px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-9\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-11\"\u003eUnit\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-1\" style=\"width: 149px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-9\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-11\"\u003eValue\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003eCAS Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 101px;\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 149px;\"\u003e7758-88-5\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003eCrystal Structure\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 101px;\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 149px;\"\u003eHexagonal\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003eCleavage Plane\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 101px;\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 149px;\"\u003e(0001)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003eDensity\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 101px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003eg\/cm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-15\"\u003e³\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 149px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003e6.16\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-7\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003eMolar Mass\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-7\" style=\"width: 101px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-2\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-4\"\u003eg\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-7\" style=\"width: 149px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-2\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-4\"\u003e197.12\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003eMelting Point\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 101px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-2\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-4\"\u003eºC\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 149px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003e1443\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-4\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient (CTE)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-4\" style=\"width: 101px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003eC\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-15\"\u003e⁻¹\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-4\" style=\"width: 149px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eParallel to a-12.9, c-16.5\u003c\/span\u003e x 10‾⁶\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003eList of Thermal Conductivity Values\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 101px;\"\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eW*m\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-1\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e*K\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-1\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 149px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1.57\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003eHygroscopic\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 101px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 149px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003eNo\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eCeF\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e is usually studied as a scintillation crystal. Some of the typical scintilator properties of \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eCeF\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e crystal are summarized below. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable id=\"table_17\" border=\"1\" class=\"OBJ-27\" style=\"width: 526px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-1\" style=\"width: 257px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-9\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-11\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eOptical \/ Scintillator Properties of \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eCeF\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e Crystal\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-1\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-9\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-11\"\u003eUnit\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-1\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-9\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-11\"\u003eValue\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-2\" style=\"width: 257px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003eWavelength (Max. Emission)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-2\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003enm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-2\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003e340 (slow), 310 (fast)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 257px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003eWavelength Range\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003enm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003e250 - 425\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-4\" style=\"width: 257px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003eDecay Constant\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-4\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003ens\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-4\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003e30 (slow), 8 (fast)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 257px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003eLight Yield\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003ephotons\/keV\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003e4.4\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-4\" style=\"width: 257px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003ePhotoelectron Yield\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-4\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003e% of NaI(Tl)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-4\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003e8\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 257px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003eRadiation Length\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-2\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-4\"\u003emm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-2\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-4\"\u003e16.8\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-5\" style=\"width: 257px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003eRadiation Strength\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-5\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003eg.cm\u003cspan class=\"C-13\"\u003e-2\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-5\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003e10.19\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-6\" style=\"width: 257px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003eMoliere Radius\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-6\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003emm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-6\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003e24\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-7\" style=\"width: 257px;\"\u003eThermal-neutron Cross-section\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-7\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003ebarn\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-7\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e0.65\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-7\" style=\"width: 257px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-2\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-4\"\u003eBackground Radioactivity\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-7\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-2\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-4\"\u003eBq\/cm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-11\"\u003e³\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-7\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-2\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-4\"\u003eTBA\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 257px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003eOptical Transmission Wavelength\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-11\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-4\"\u003enm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-2\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-4\"\u003e\u0026gt;300\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-4\" style=\"width: 257px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003eTransmittance\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-4\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-2\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-4\"\u003e%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-4\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-2\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-4\"\u003e\u0026gt;80\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 257px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-12\"\u003eRefractive Index\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-2\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-4\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"TC-3\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"Table-Body P-2\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"C-4\"\u003e1.62 (at 340nm)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"5 x 5 x 0.5 mm \/ (001) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204171444282,"sku":"SU2904","price":237.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"5 x 5 x 0.5 mm \/ (001) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204171477050,"sku":"SU2903","price":258.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/078_MSE_PRO_Cerium_Fluoride_CeF_sub_3_sub_Crystal_dbd2d88322.jpg?v=1777608358"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-eu-doped-calcium-fluoride-eu-caf-sub-2-sub-crystal","title":"MSE PRO Eu doped calcium fluoride Eu:CaF\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e Crystal","description":"\u003cp\u003eEu doped calcium fluoride, Eu:\u003cspan\u003eCaF\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e, is an excellent scintillation crystal. It has been widely used in low energy nuclear physics experiment, nuclear reactor detecting, radiation monitor and radioactivity medical science diagnoses.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMSE Supplies offers the following choices:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh quality \u003cspan\u003eEu:CaF\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e \u003c\/span\u003escintillation crystal\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh quality \u003cspan\u003eEu:CaF\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ecrystal materials in customized shapes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/Eu_doped_CaF2_large.jpg?8849059888096924860\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":16989279684,"sku":"ME5101","price":0.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/079_MSE_PRO_Eu_doped_calcium_fluoride_Eu_CaF_sub_2_sub_Crystal_76a00bb764.jpg?v=1777608371"},{"product_id":"srtio-sub-3-sub-sto-strontium-titanate-crystal-substrates-1","title":"SrTiO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e STO Strontium Titanate Crystal Substrates","description":"\u003cp\u003eSrTiO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e (STO) Strontium Titanate Crystal Substrates\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCAS Number: 12060-59-2; EC Number: 235-044-1\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSrTiO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan\u003e single crystal has its lattice parameters match most materials with a Perovskite crystal structure, and therefore it\u003c\/span\u003e is a popular crystal substrate for epitaxial growth of many oxide thin films. It is commonly used as substrate material for superconductor thin films, because Strontium Titanate (\u003cspan\u003eSrTiO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e) and Y-Ba-Cu-O system (a = 3.89 A) have similar values in the lattice constant.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBoth standard and custom-made Strontium Titanate crystal substrates are available from MSE Supplies.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"595\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"595\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cb\u003eMain Physical Properties of \u003cspan\u003eStrontium Titanate Crystal Substrates\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eCrystal structure\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"408\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eCubic, Perovskite\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003eMolar mass (g\/mol)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"408\"\u003e183.49\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eGrowth method\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"408\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003eVernue (flame) method\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003ePurity (%)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"408\"\u003e\u0026gt;99.9%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eLattice constant\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"408\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ea = 3.905 A\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eMelting point (°C)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"408\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e2080\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eDensity (g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"408\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e5.11\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eHardness\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"408\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e6-6.5 Mohs\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003eRefractive index\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"408\"\u003e2.394 \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eThermal expansion coefficient (\/K)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"408\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e9.4 x 10\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eDielectric constants\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"408\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e300 at room temperature\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eChemical stability\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"408\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eInsoluble in water\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eLoss Tangent at 10 GHz\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"408\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003e~5x10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-4\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e@ 300K , ~3 x10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-4\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e@77K\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSizes\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"408\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e5x5 mm, 5x10 mm, 10x10 mm, 20x20 mm, or special sizes and orientations are available upon request\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eThickness\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"408\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e0.5mm, 1.0mm\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSize tolerances\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"408\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e+\/- 0.1mm\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eThickness tolerances\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"408\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e+\/- 0.015mm\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ePolishing\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"408\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSingle side polished (SSP) or double side polished (DSP), Epi-ready surface Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eOrientation precision\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"408\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e+\/-0.5 degree\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eCrystal orientation\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"408\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e(100), (110), (111)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ePackage\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"408\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ePacked in class 100 grade plastic bag in class 1000 clean room\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"(100) \/ 5x5x0.5mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204169740346,"sku":"SU0712","price":26.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 5x10x0.5mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204169773114,"sku":"SU0702","price":33.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 5x10x0.5mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204169805882,"sku":"SU0706","price":37.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 10x10x0.5mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204169838650,"sku":"SU0705","price":69.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 10x10x0.5mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204169871418,"sku":"SU0701","price":79.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 20x20x0.5mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204169904186,"sku":"SU0718","price":299.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 5x10x0.5mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204169936954,"sku":"SU0710","price":47.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 5x10x0.5mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204169969722,"sku":"SU0707","price":55.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 10x10x0.5mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204170002490,"sku":"SU0713","price":89.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 10x10x0.5mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204170035258,"sku":"SU0714","price":99.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 5x5x0.5mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204170068026,"sku":"SU0708","price":43.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 5x10x0.5mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204170100794,"sku":"SU0715","price":63.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 10x10x0.5mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204170133562,"sku":"SU0709","price":104.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 10x10x0.5mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204170166330,"sku":"SU0716","price":109.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 5x5x0.5mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204170199098,"sku":"SU0719","price":35.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(101) \/ 10x10x0.5mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204170231866,"sku":"SU0754","price":119.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 5x5x0.5mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204170264634,"sku":"SU0755","price":30.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 20x20x0.5mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204170297402,"sku":"SU0757","price":349.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 5x5x0.5mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204170330170,"sku":"SU0759","price":40.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/081_SrTiO_sub_3_sub_STO_Strontium_Titanate_Crystal_Substrates_f974ebf82b.jpg?v=1777608397"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-neodymium-doped-gadolinium-gallium-garnet-nd-gd-sub-3-sub-ga-sub-5-sub-o-sub-12-sub-nd-ggg-crystals-and-substrates","title":"MSE PRO Neodymium Doped Gadolinium Gallium Garnet (Nd:Gd\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003eGa\u003csub\u003e5\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e12\u003c\/sub\u003e)  (Nd:GGG) Crystals and Substrates","description":"\u003cp\u003eNd:GGG (Neodymium doped Gadolinium Gallium Garnet)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChemical formula: Nd:Gd\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003eGa\u003csub\u003e5\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e12\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNd:GGG single crystal has excellent properties, such as high mechanical strength, chemical stability, thermal conductivity and thermal capacity, wide absorption bands at around 808 nm and long fluorescence lifetime. Because of these unique properties,\u003c\/span\u003eNd:GGG crystal has been considered as one of the best materials for the high average power solid-state laser. The applications include semiconductor laser pump and can be operated with CW-laser and pulse laser.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBoth standard and custom made Nd:GGG crystals and substrates are available at MSE Supplies.  \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/products\/gadolinium-gallium-garnet-gd3ga5o12-ggg-crystals-and-substrates?variant=31873270120506\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUndoped GGG crystals\u003c\/strong\u003e are also available.\u003c\/a\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAvailable Nd concentrations are 0.6 and 1.0 (atm%)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" border=\"1\" style=\"width: 535px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" colspan=\"2\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 528px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cb\u003eMain Parameters\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 183.628px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eCrystal structure\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 344.372px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eCubic Garnet\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 183.628px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eGrowth method\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 344.372px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eCzochralski\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 183.628px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eUnit cell constant\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 344.372px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ea=12.38 Å, (Z=8)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 183.628px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eMelt point (°C)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 344.372px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e1800\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 183.628px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ePurity\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 344.372px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e99.9%\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 183.628px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eDensity\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 344.372px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e7.09 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 183.628px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eHardness\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 344.372px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e6-7 Mohs\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 183.628px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eIndex of refraction\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 344.372px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e1.95 @ 1064nm\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 183.628px;\"\u003eThermal Expansion\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 344.372px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8 x 10\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\/K\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 44px; width: 183.628px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSizes\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 344.372px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e5x5 mm, 10x10 mm, 20x20 mm, dia 2\", other sizes are available upon request\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 183.628px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eThickness\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 344.372px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e0.5mm, 1.0mm\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22.8px; width: 183.628px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSurface Polishing\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22.8px; width: 344.372px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSingle or double side polished (epi-ready)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 183.628px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eCrystal Orientations\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 344.372px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e(100), (110), (111)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 183.628px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSurface Roughness Ra:\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 344.372px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e~ 0.5nm \u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 183.628px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ePackage\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 344.372px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ePacked in a class 100 clean bag.\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eReference:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.photonics.com\/Articles\/Solid-State_Heat-Capacity_Lasers_Good_Candidates\/a19681\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSolid-State Heat-Capacity Lasers: Good Candidates for the Marketplace\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMARK D. ROTTER, C. BRENT DANE, SCOTT FOCHS, KAI LAFORTUNE, ROY MERRILL AND BOB YAMAMOTO, LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LABORATORY\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNd:GGG (gallium gadolinium garnet) was identified as the laser material of choice, thanks to its high thermal diffusivity (roughly 10 times greater than that of glass), its greater emission cross section (five times larger than glass's) and its greater fracture stress (five times larger than glass's). An additional advantage of GGG is that large slabs may be cut from the boule.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/www.photonics.com\/images\/Web\/Articles\/2004\/8\/1\/HeatCapacity_Fig2Rotter.jpg\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eIn the pump geometry of a diode-pumped Nd:GGG heat-capacity laser, each slab is pumped by four diode arrays. The individual bars in each array are oriented to direct their output at ~45° to the array surface, as indicated by the arrows.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"article-title\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.osapublishing.org\/ol\/abstract.cfm?uri=ol-17-1-52\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIon-implanted Nd:GGG channel waveguide laser\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e, S. J. Field, D. C. Hanna, A. C. Large, D. P. Shepherd, A. C. Tropper, P. J. Chandler, P. D. Townsend, and L. Zhang, Optics Letters Vol. 17, Issue 1, pp. 52-54 (1992), https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OL.17.000052\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"(111) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204168167482,"sku":"SU3301","price":237.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204168200250,"sku":"SU3302","price":235.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204168233018,"sku":"SU3303","price":71.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204168265786,"sku":"SU3304","price":82.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204168298554,"sku":"SU3305","price":225.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204168331322,"sku":"SU3306","price":270.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204168364090,"sku":"SU3307","price":76.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204168396858,"sku":"SU3308","price":87.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204168429626,"sku":"SU3309","price":281.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204168462394,"sku":"SU3310","price":275.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204168495162,"sku":"SU3311","price":87.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204168527930,"sku":"SU3312","price":98.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/084_MSE_PRO_Neodymium_Doped_Gadolinium_Gallium_Garnet_Nd_Gd_sub_3_sub_Ga_sub_5_sub_O_d35286f236.jpg?v=1777608435"},{"product_id":"ge-germanium-wafers-and-crystal-substrates","title":"Ge Germanium Wafers and Crystal Substrates","description":"\u003ctable border=\"1\" width=\"595\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\" width=\"595\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cb\u003eMain Product Parameters\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eGrowth method\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" width=\"408\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eCzochralski method\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eCrystal structure\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" width=\"408\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eM3\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eUnit cell constant\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" width=\"408\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ea=5.65754 Å\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eDensity\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" width=\"408\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e5.323 g\/cm3\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eMelt point\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" width=\"408\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e937.4 °C\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eDoped material\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"136\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eUndoped\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"136\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSb - doped\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"136\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eIn \/ Ga - doped\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eType\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"136\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eN\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"136\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\" align=\"center\"\u003eN\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"136\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eP\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eResistivity\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"136\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e35 Ohm-cm\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"136\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e0.05 Ohm-cm\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"136\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e0.05~0.1 Ohm-cm\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eEPD\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"136\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u0026lt;5000 \/cm2\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"136\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u0026lt;5000 \/cm2\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"136\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u0026lt;5000 \/cm2\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" width=\"187\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSize\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" width=\"408\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e10x5, 10x10, 15x15, 20x15, 20x20mm\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" width=\"408\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003edia 2\" x 0.5mm, \u003cspan\u003edia 1\" x 0.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e5\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003emm, \u003c\/span\u003eother sizes are available upon request\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eThickness\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" width=\"408\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e0.5mm, 1.0mm\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ePolishing\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" width=\"408\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSingle or double side polished\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eCrystal orientation\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" width=\"408\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e(100), (110), (111)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSurface roughness Ra:\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" width=\"408\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eRms or Ra ~ 5 A\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ePackage\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" width=\"408\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSealed in class 100 clean bag packed in class 1000 clean room\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies LLC","offers":[{"title":"1.0\" Dia. x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (100) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204166234170,"sku":"WA1402","price":329.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"1.0\" Dia. x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (100) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204166266938,"sku":"WA1403","price":417.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"1.0\" Dia. x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (110) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204166299706,"sku":"WA1404","price":362.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"1.0\" Dia. x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (110) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204166332474,"sku":"WA1405","price":450.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"1.0\" Dia. x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (111) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204166365242,"sku":"WA1406","price":329.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"1.0\" Dia. x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (111) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204166398010,"sku":"WA1407","price":417.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"2.0\" Dia. x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (100) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204166430778,"sku":"WA1408","price":688.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"2.0\" Dia. x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (100) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204166463546,"sku":"WA1409","price":736.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"2.0\" Dia. x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (110) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204166496314,"sku":"WA1410","price":769.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"2.0\" Dia. x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (110) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204166529082,"sku":"WA1411","price":835.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"2.0\" Dia. x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (111) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204166561850,"sku":"WA1412","price":688.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"2.0\" Dia. x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (111) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204166594618,"sku":"WA1413","price":736.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"4.0\" Dia. x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (100) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204166627386,"sku":"WA1414","price":1242.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"4.0\" Dia. x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (100) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204166660154,"sku":"WA1415","price":1319.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"4.0\" Dia. x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (110) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204166692922,"sku":"WA1416","price":1319.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"4.0\" Dia. x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (110) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204166725690,"sku":"WA1417","price":1429.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"4.0\" Dia. x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (111) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204166758458,"sku":"WA1418","price":1242.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"4.0\" Dia. x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (111) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204166791226,"sku":"WA1419","price":1319.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (100) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40633059573818,"sku":"WA1420","price":25.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (100) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40633069240378,"sku":"WA1421","price":30.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (100) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40633059835962,"sku":"WA1422","price":65.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (100) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40633059934266,"sku":"WA1423","price":76.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (110) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40633064751162,"sku":"WA1424","price":26.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (110) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40633064849466,"sku":"WA1425","price":31.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (110) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40633067831354,"sku":"WA1426","price":72.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (110) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40633068453946,"sku":"WA1427","price":83.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (111) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40633068617786,"sku":"WA1428","price":25.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (111) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40633059737658,"sku":"WA1429","price":30.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (111) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40633068650554,"sku":"WA1430","price":65.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Undoped \/ (111) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40633068683322,"sku":"WA1431","price":76.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Sb doped \/ (100) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40633071697978,"sku":"WA1432","price":25.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Sb doped \/ (100) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40633072746554,"sku":"WA1433","price":30.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Sb Doped \/ (100) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40633074614330,"sku":"WA1434","price":72.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Sb Doped \/ (100) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40633076940858,"sku":"WA1435","price":72.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Sb doped \/ (110) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40633097224250,"sku":"WA1436","price":26.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Sb doped \/ (110) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40633097355322,"sku":"WA1437","price":31.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Sb Doped \/ (110) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40635348877370,"sku":"WA1438","price":76.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Sb Doped \/ (110) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40635351367738,"sku":"WA1439","price":87.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Sb doped \/ (111) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40633100009530,"sku":"WA1440","price":25.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Sb doped \/ (111) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40633100894266,"sku":"WA1441","price":30.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Sb Doped \/ (111) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40635353890874,"sku":"WA1442","price":72.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm thick - N type - Sb Doped \/ (111) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40635355037754,"sku":"WA1443","price":72.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm thick - P type - Ga doped \/ (100) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40633087524922,"sku":"WA1444","price":26.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm thick - P type - Ga doped \/ (100) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40633087852602,"sku":"WA1445","price":32.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm thick - P type - Ga Doped \/ (100) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40633093947450,"sku":"WA1446","price":76.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm thick - P type - Ga Doped \/ (100) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40633094012986,"sku":"WA1447","price":87.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm thick - P type - Ga doped \/ (110) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40635356577850,"sku":"WA1448","price":32.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm thick - P type - Ga doped \/ (110) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40635356610618,"sku":"WA1449","price":39.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm thick - P type - Ga Doped \/ (110) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40635358773306,"sku":"WA1450","price":83.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm thick - P type - Ga Doped \/ (110) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40635359559738,"sku":"WA1451","price":96.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm thick - P type - Ga doped \/ (111) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40635360575546,"sku":"WA1452","price":26.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm thick - P type - Ga doped \/ (111) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40635360673850,"sku":"WA1453","price":32.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm thick - P type - Ga Doped \/ (111) \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40635360739386,"sku":"WA1454","price":76.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm thick - P type - Ga Doped \/ (111) \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40635360837690,"sku":"WA1455","price":87.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/088_Ge_Germanium_Wafers_and_Crystal_Substrates_4a0f2d8a4b.jpg?v=1777608487"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-bgo-bismuth-germanate-bi-sub-4-sub-ge-sub-3-sub-o-sub-12-sub-scintillation-crystal","title":"MSE PRO BGO Bismuth Germanate Bi\u003csub\u003e4\u003c\/sub\u003eGe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e12\u003c\/sub\u003e Scintillation Crystal","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBGO, Bismuth Germanate, \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eBi\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e4\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eGe\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e12\u003c\/sub\u003e Scintillation Crystal\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecifications: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCrystal structure:\u003c\/strong\u003e Cubic\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLattice Parameter: \u003c\/strong\u003ea=10.518 Å\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDensity:\u003c\/strong\u003e 7.13 g\/\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHardness:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5 mohs\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMelt point:\u003c\/strong\u003e 1050°C\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndex of refraction\u003c\/strong\u003e: 2.15\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRadiation length:\u003c\/strong\u003e 1.1cm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePeak of fluorescence spectra\u003c\/strong\u003e: 480nm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDecay time:\u003c\/strong\u003e 300ns\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRelative light output %\u003c\/strong\u003e: 10-14 Nal (Tl)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEnergy resolution:\u003c\/strong\u003e 20% @511KV\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCrystal orientation:\u003c\/strong\u003e (001)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize mm:\u003c\/strong\u003e Special size and orientation are available upon request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePolishing:\u003c\/strong\u003e Single or double\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePackaging:\u003c\/strong\u003e Clean room\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 dir=\"ltr\"\u003eMain Applications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePositron emission tomography (PET)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh-energy physics\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNuclear medicine\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGeological prospecting\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGamma pulse spectroscopy\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #ff2a00;\"\u003eFor Research Use Only (RUO). Not for use in diagnostic procedures. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 dir=\"ltr\"\u003eBGO Scintillator Description\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003eBismuth Germanate scintillation crystal (\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eBi\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e4\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eGe\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e12\u003c\/sub\u003e or BGO scintillator) is one of the most widely used scintillation materials of the oxide type. It has high atomic number and density values. BGO is mechanically strong enough, rugged, non- hygroscopicity, and has no cleavage .BGO has an extreme high density of 7.13 g \/cm\u003csup\u003e3 \u003c\/sup\u003eand has a high Z value which makes these crystals very suitable for the detection of natural radioactivity (U, Th, K).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003eBGO Scintillation Crystal has an emission peak of 480 nm, coupling well with PMT and SiPM. Compared to other scintillation crystals, BGO has an unparalleled absorption rate at photopeak. Its energy resolution is about 10%. The scintillation characteristics of BGO changes linearly with temperature. Combined with digital signal processing (DSP), it can work under harsh conditions. With small volume, it can work stably under refrigeration.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 dir=\"ltr\"\u003eCustomized BGO Scintillation Crystal\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003eWe can do customized BGO scintillation crystals growth and make customized machining, including cutting, grinding and polishing. Please contact our materials scientists to discuss your detailed requirements.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP) \/ (001)","offer_id":40204165447738,"sku":"CR0503","price":136.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP) \/ (001)","offer_id":40204165480506,"sku":"CR0502","price":146.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10 mm x 10 mm x 1.0 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP) \/ (001)","offer_id":40204165513274,"sku":"CR0504","price":188.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10 mm x 10 mm x 1.0 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP) \/ (001)","offer_id":40204165546042,"sku":"CR0501","price":199.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 inch (25 mm) diameter x 1.0 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP) \/ (001)","offer_id":40204165578810,"sku":"CR0505","price":394.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/091_MSE_PRO_BGO_Bismuth_Germanate_Bi_sub_4_sub_Ge_sub_3_sub_O_sub_12_sub_Scintillati_ed6fbd28d7.jpg?v=1777608525"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-yag-er-doped-yttrium-aluminium-garnet-laser-crystal","title":"MSE PRO YAG Er Doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet Laser Crystal","description":"\u003cp\u003eMSE Supplies can supply a wide range of Er:YAG, Er doped Yttrium aluminium garnet single crystals and epi-ready crystal substrates to meet customer's specific requirements.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAvailable Er concentrations are 0.5 and 5.0 (atm%)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecifications:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCrystal structure: \u003c\/strong\u003ecubic\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLattice parameters: \u003c\/strong\u003ea =\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e12.01  \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOrientations available: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u0026lt;111\u0026gt; or \u0026lt;100\u0026gt; crystalline within 5 ø\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMelt point: \u003c\/strong\u003e1970 deg C\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHardness mohs: \u003c\/strong\u003e8.5\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDensity: \u003c\/strong\u003e4.56 +\/- 0.04 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecific heat: \u003c\/strong\u003e0.59 J\/g.cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eYoung modulus \u003c\/strong\u003e3.17X104 Kg\/mm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTensile strength: \u003c\/strong\u003e0.13~0.26 GPa\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThermal expansion: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u0026lt;100\u0026gt; Direction: 8.2x10-6 at øC(0~250 deg øC), \u0026lt;110\u0026gt; Direction: 7.7x10-6 at øC (0~250 øC),  \u0026lt;111\u0026gt; Direction: 7.8x10-6 at øC (0~250 øC)\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThermo-optical coefficient: \u003c\/strong\u003e7 x 10 -6 deg øC\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":16991467332,"sku":"CS0106","price":0.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/092_MSE_PRO_YAG_Er_Doped_Yttrium_Aluminium_Garnet_Laser_Crystal_3d6894cc40.jpg?v=1777608537"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-yvo-sub-4-sub-undoped-yttrium-orthovanadate-crystal","title":"MSE PRO YVO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c\/sub\u003e Undoped Yttrium Orthovanadate Crystal","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003e\u003cspan color=\"#0000FF\"\u003eUndoped YVO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan color=\"#0000FF\"\u003e\u003csub\u003e4\u003c\/sub\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eis an excellent newly developed birefringence optical crystal.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt has very good transmission in a wide wavelength range from visible to infrared.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt has high refractive index and birefringence difference.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompared with other important birefringence crystals, YVO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c\/sub\u003e has higher. hardness, better fabrication property, and water insolubility than calcite (CaCO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e single crystal).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEasier to make large, high quality crystal at lower cost than Rutile (TiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e single crystal).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThose outstanding properties make \u003cspan\u003eYVO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e4\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003every important birefringence optical material and widely used in opto-electronic research, development and industry. For example, the optical communication system needs a large quantity devices of undoped YVO4, such as fiber optical isolators, circulators, beam displacers, Glan polarizers and other polarizing devices.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003eYVO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e4\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ecrystal properties\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCrystal structure: Tetragonal\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCrystal orientation: (001), (100), (110), (101)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDensity: 4.24 g\/cm3\u003cbr\u003eMelting point: 1810 – 1940 deg C\u003cbr\u003eMohs hardness: glass-like, ~5\u003cbr\u003eKnoop hardness: 480 kg\/mm2\u003cbr\u003eThermal expansion coefficient:\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ealong a axis = 4.43×10^−6 \/K\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ealong c axis = 11.37×10^−6 \/K\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal conductivity coefficient:\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eparallel to c-axis: 5.23 W\/m.K\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eperpendicular to c-axis: 5.10 W\/m.K\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRefractive indices, birefringence ( Δn = ne - no) and walk-off angle at 45° (ρ):\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eat 0.63 µm:\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ene = 2.2154\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eno = 1.9929\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eΔn = 0.2225\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eρ = 6.04\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eat 1.30 µm:\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ene = 2.1554\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eno = 1.9500\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eΔn = 0.2054\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eρ= 5.72\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eat 1.55 µm:\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ene = 2.1486\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eno = 1.9447\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eΔn = 0.2039\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eρ = 5.69\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSellmeier equation (λ in µm):\u003cbr\u003ene2=4.59905 + 0.110534\/(λ2 − 0.04813) − 0.012267612 λ2\u003cbr\u003eno2=3.77834 + 0.069736\/(λ2 − 0.04724) − 0.0108133 λ2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSizes available: 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm\u003cbr\u003ecustomized sizes and orientations are available upon request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSurface roughness (Ra): \u0026lt;= 0.5nm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSurface Polishing: Single or double side polished\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"(001) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204165218362,"sku":"SU3901","price":98.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(001) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204165251130,"sku":"SU3902","price":126.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(100) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204165283898,"sku":"SU3903","price":80.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204165316666,"sku":"SU3904","price":96.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(110) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204165349434,"sku":"SU3905","price":109.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(110) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204165382202,"sku":"SU3906","price":126.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/093_MSE_PRO_YVO_sub_4_sub_Undoped_Yttrium_Orthovanadate_Crystal_e484e23a6f.jpg?v=1777608549"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-sio-sub-2-sub-silica-quartz-single-crystal-wafers-and-substrates-3","title":"MSE PRO SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e Silica Quartz Single Crystal Wafers and Substrates","description":"\u003cp\u003eSingle crystal quartz wafers are ideal for use as substrates for thin film deposition and are also suitable for many optical applications. Quartz single crystal wafers and substrates are also used as microwave filters in wireless communication.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMSE Supplies offers both standard and custom-made quartz wafers and substrates.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 586px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 576px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTypical Material Properties\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePurity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOptical grade: 99.99%\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCrystal Structure and lattice parameters\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHexagonal\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea= 4.914 Å\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec = 5.405 Å\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGrowth Method\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHydrothermal method\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHardness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7.0 Mohs\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDensity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.684 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMelt Point\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1610 deg C (phase transition point: 573.1 °C)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpecific heat\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.18 cal\/g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermoelectric Constant\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1200 mV \/\u003cspan\u003e °C\u003c\/span\u003e @ 300\u003cspan\u003e °C\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal conductivity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.0033 cal\/cm\/\u003cspan\u003e °C\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal expansion coefficient, (CTE) (x10^-6\/ K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eperpendicular to Z axis\u003c\/span\u003e: 13.71\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eparallel to Z axis\u003c\/span\u003e: 7.48\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRefractive Index\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.544\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eQ value\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAcoustic velocity, SAW Frequency constant, BAW Piezoelectric coupling ,\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.8 x 10^6 minimum\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3160 ( m\/sec ) 1661 ( kHz\/mm )\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eK2 (%) BAW: 0.65 SAW: 0.14\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInclusion\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIEC Grade II\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 576px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStandard Quartz Wafer Specifications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eQuartz Crystal Orientation\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eY, X, Z, AT or ST cut. The cut angle can be rotated to any value in the in the range of 30\u003cspan\u003e deg \u003c\/span\u003e ~ 42.75 deg upon request.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/quartz_cut_angle_480x480.png?v=1572454689\" alt=\"quartz crystal cut angle\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrimary flat: orientation specified by customer Secondary Flat: orientation specified by customer.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSeed: located in the center with width \u0026lt; 5mm and height \u0026gt; 66mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePolished surface\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEpi-ready polished on one side or two sides to Ra \u0026lt; 1 nm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWorking Area: Wafer diameter minus 3 mm (edge exclusion)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBOW: \u0026lt; 20 um for 3\" wafer and 30 um for 4\" wafer\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo chips out on the working area. At the edge, chip width \u0026lt; 0.5 mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePits and scratches: \u0026lt; 3 per wafer or \u0026lt; 20 per 100 wafers\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStandard Thickness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.5 mm +\/- 0.05 mm TTV \u0026lt; 5 µm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStandard Diameter\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003edia. 2 inch (50.8mm )\u003c\/u\u003e \u003cu\u003ediam. \u003c\/u\u003e \u003cu\u003e3 inch (76.2mm\u003c\/u\u003e) \u003cu\u003edia. \u003c\/u\u003e\u003cu\u003e4 inch (100mm)\u003c\/u\u003e +\/-0.2 mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrimary Flat: 22 +\/- 1.5 mm (dia. 3¨ ) 32 +\/- 3.0 mm ( dia. 4¨ )\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSecondary Flat: 10 mm +\/-1.5 mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduction Capacity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;1,000 wafers per month\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCustomized products are available upon request.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Z-cut (001) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":16991569860,"sku":"SU2001","price":19.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Z-cut (001) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Sides Polished (DSP)","offer_id":23073826504762,"sku":"SU2002","price":26.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Z-cut (001) \/ 25 mm x 25 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":23073826537530,"sku":"SU2003","price":73.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Z-cut (001) \/ 25 mm x 25 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Sides Polished (DSP)","offer_id":23073826570298,"sku":"SU2004","price":81.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Z-cut (001) \/ 2\" dia. x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":23073826603066,"sku":"SU2005","price":83.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Z-cut (001) \/ 2\" dia. x 0.5 mm \/ Double Sides Polished (DSP)","offer_id":23073826635834,"sku":"SU2006","price":94.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Z-cut (001) \/ 3\" dia. x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":23073826668602,"sku":"SU2007","price":118.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Z-cut (001) \/ 3\" dia. x 0.5 mm \/ Double Sides Polished (DSP)","offer_id":23073826701370,"sku":"SU2008","price":129.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Z-cut (001) \/ 4\" dia. x 0.5 mm \/ 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Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":31007636717626,"sku":"SU2014","price":19.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"ST-cut \/ 2\" dia. x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":31035465957434,"sku":"SU2019","price":83.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Z-cut (001) \/ 20 mm x 20 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":39876515463226,"sku":"SU2018","price":68.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"ST-cut \/ 4\" dia. x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40147049611322,"sku":"SU2020","price":188.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"X-cut \/ 4\" dia. x 0.5 mm \/ Double Sides Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40619154440250,"sku":"SU2021","price":472.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/094_MSE_PRO_SiO_sub_2_sub_Silica_Quartz_Single_Crystal_Wafers_and_Substrates_34513a73d7.jpg?v=1777608562"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-litao-sub-3-sub-lithium-tantalate-crystal-substrates-and-wafers","title":"MSE PRO LiTaO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e Lithium Tantalate Crystal Substrates and Wafers","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThis LiTaO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e lithium tantalate crystal has \u0026gt;99.99% purity. Find high-quality lithium tantalate bulk crystals, wafers and substrates for sale at MSE Supplies.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLithium tantalate (LiTaO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e) has a perovskite M6 crystal structure. It has a unique combination of optical, piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties. The applications of lithium tantalate crystal include nonlinear optics, passive infrared (IR) sensors such as motion detectors, terahertz (THz) generation and detection, surface acoustic wave (SAW), just to name a few. Both bulk crystals and crystal substrates are available for sale at MSE Supplies. Please contact our scientists and engineers to discuss your specific requirements for lithium tantalate crystal and substrate products.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCrystal orientations available: \u003c\/strong\u003eZ-cut, X-cut, Y-cut\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTypical product sizes available\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBulk crystals\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eup to 4 inch diameter and 50 mm thick\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCrystal substrates \/ wafers (single side or double side polished)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10 x 10 x 0.5 mm \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2 inch diameter x 0.5mm thick\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4 inch diameter x 0.5mm thick\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOther sizes are available upon request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"352\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaterial Identifiers\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eCAS Number\u003c\/u\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e12031-66-2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eECHA InfoCard\u003c\/u\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e100.031.584\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003ePubChem \u003c\/u\u003eCID\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e159405\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eRTECS number\u003c\/u\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWW55470000\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProperties\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eChemical formula\u003c\/u\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLiTaO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eMolar mass\u003c\/u\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e235.887 g\/mol\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eDensity\u003c\/u\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7.46 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e, solid\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eMelting point\u003c\/u\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1,650°C (3,000°F; 1,920K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eSolubility in water\u003c\/u\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInsoluble in water\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStructure\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eCrystal structure\u003c\/u\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eSpace group \u003c\/u\u003eR3c\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eLattice constant\u003c\/u\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ea \u003c\/em\u003e= 515.43 pm, \u003cem\u003ec \u003c\/em\u003e= 1378.35 pm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Z-cut \/ 10x10x0.5mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":31434238525498,"sku":"CR0410","price":65.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Z-cut \/ 10x10x0.5mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":31434238492730,"sku":"CR0411","price":56.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Z-cut \/ 2 inch diameter x 0.5 mm thick \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":31434238394426,"sku":"CR0402","price":185.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Z-cut \/ 3 inch diameter x 0.5 mm thick \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":31434238459962,"sku":"CR0407","price":413.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Z-cut \/ 4 inch diameter x 0.5 mm thick \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":31811633446970,"sku":"CR0416","price":545.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"X-cut \/ 10x10x0.5mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":31434238722106,"sku":"CR0403","price":65.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"X-cut \/ 10x10x0.5mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":31434238689338,"sku":"CR0417","price":56.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"X-cut \/ 2 inch diameter x 0.5 mm thick \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":31434238591034,"sku":"CR0413","price":193.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"X-cut \/ 3 inch diameter x 0.5 mm thick \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":31434238656570,"sku":"CR0418","price":347.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Y-cut \/ 10x10x0.5mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":31434238918714,"sku":"CR0412","price":65.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Y-cut \/ 10x10x0.5mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":31434238885946,"sku":"CR0409","price":56.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Y-cut \/ 2 inch diameter x 0.5 mm thick \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":31434238787642,"sku":"CR0414","price":241.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Y-cut \/ 3 inch diameter x 0.5 mm thick \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":31434238853178,"sku":"CR0415","price":457.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/095_MSE_PRO_LiTaO_sub_3_sub_Lithium_Tantalate_Crystal_Substrates_and_Wafers_bf6ec88483.jpg?v=1777608574"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-nd-yvo-sub-4-sub-nd-doped-yttrium-orthovanadate-crystal-and-substrates","title":"MSE PRO Nd-YVO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c\/sub\u003e Nd Doped Yttrium Orthovanadate Crystal and Substrates","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan color=\"#0000FF\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"STYLE29\"\u003eNd:YVO\u003csub\u003e4 \u003c\/sub\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"STYLE29\"\u003eis one of the most efficient solid-state laser host crystals.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarge stimulated emission cross-section at laser wavelength,\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh absorption coefficient\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWide absorption bandwidth at pump wavelength,\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh laser induced damage threshold\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGood physical, optical and mechanical properties make Nd:YVO\u003csub\u003e4 \u003c\/sub\u003ean excellent crystal for the high power, stable and cost-effective diode laser-pumped solid-state lasers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith the design of Nd:YVO\u003csub\u003e4 \u003c\/sub\u003e+ frequency crystal KTP, tiny all solid-state green lasers can be made. Nd:YVO\u003csub\u003e4 \u003c\/sub\u003elasers have been applied in many areas of military affairs, information industry, etc.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you need special size or cutting specification, please feel free to contact: sales@msesupplies.com\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSizes available (mm): 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5mm, 1 inch x 1 inch x 0.5mm, Diameter 1 inch x 0.5mm. Customized sizes and orientations are available upon request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe an offer Nd concentration of 1.0 atm%\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecifications:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAtomic Density: \u003c\/strong\u003e~1.37 x 10\u003csup\u003e20 \u003c\/sup\u003eatoms \/ cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCrystal Structure: \u003c\/strong\u003eZircon Tetragonal, space group D\u003csub\u003e4h\u003c\/sub\u003e, a=b=7.12, c= 6.29\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDensity: \u003c\/strong\u003e4.22g \/ cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMohs Hardness: \u003c\/strong\u003eGlass-like, ~5\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient: \u003c\/strong\u003ea\u003csub\u003ea\u003c\/sub\u003e=4.43 x 10\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\/ K, a\u003csub\u003ec\u003c\/sub\u003e=11.37 x 10\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\/ K\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":16991619140,"sku":"CS0105","price":0.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/096_MSE_PRO_Nd-YVO_sub_4_sub_Nd_Doped_Yttrium_Orthovanadate_Crystal_and_Substrates_5935571e54.jpg?v=1777608587"},{"product_id":"2-in-silicon-carbide-wafers-4h-n-type-sic-substrates","title":"2 in Silicon Carbide Wafers 4H N-type SiC Substrates","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2 inch diameter Silicon Carbide (SiC) Crystal Substrates, SiC Wafers Specifications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"934\"\u003e\n\u003ccolgroup\u003e \u003ccol width=\"291\"\u003e \u003ccol width=\"193\"\u003e \u003ccol width=\"213\"\u003e \u003ccol width=\"237\"\u003e \u003c\/colgroup\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr height=\"39\"\u003e\n\u003ctd height=\"39\" class=\"xl67\" width=\"291\"\u003eGrade\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"xl64\" width=\"193\"\u003eProduction Grade (P Grade)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"xl66\" width=\"213\"\u003eResearch Grade (R Grade)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"xl66\" width=\"237\"\u003eDummy Grade (D Grade)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr height=\"19\"\u003e\n\u003ctd height=\"19\"\u003eDiameter\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" class=\"xl65\"\u003e50.8 mm±0.38 mm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr height=\"19\"\u003e\n\u003ctd height=\"19\"\u003eThickness\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" class=\"xl65\"\u003e350 μm±25 μm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr height=\"19\"\u003e\n\u003ctd height=\"19\"\u003eWafer Orientation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" class=\"xl64\" width=\"643\"\u003eOn axis: \u0026lt;0001\u0026gt;±0.5° for 4H-N\/4H-SI, Off axis: 4.0° toward \u0026lt;1120 \u0026gt; ±0.5° for 4H-N\/4H-SI\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr height=\"19\"\u003e\n\u003ctd height=\"19\"\u003eMicropipe Density\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e≤5 cm\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e≤15 cm\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e≤50 cm\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr height=\"19\"\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" height=\"38\" class=\"xl67\"\u003eResistivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" class=\"xl65\"\u003e0.015~0.028 Ω·cm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr height=\"19\"\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" height=\"19\" class=\"xl65\"\u003e\u0026gt;1E5 Ω·cm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr height=\"19\"\u003e\n\u003ctd height=\"19\"\u003ePrimary Flat Orientation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" class=\"xl65\"\u003e{10-10} ±5.0°\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr height=\"19\"\u003e\n\u003ctd height=\"19\"\u003ePrimary Flat Length\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" class=\"xl65\"\u003e15.9 mm ±1.7 mm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr height=\"19\"\u003e\n\u003ctd height=\"19\"\u003eSecondary Flat Length\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" class=\"xl65\"\u003e8.0 mm ±1.7 mm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr height=\"19\"\u003e\n\u003ctd height=\"19\"\u003eSecondary Flat Orientation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" class=\"xl65\"\u003eSilicon face up: 90° CW. from Prime flat ±5.0°\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr height=\"19\"\u003e\n\u003ctd height=\"19\"\u003eEdge Exclusion\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" class=\"xl65\"\u003e1 mm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr height=\"19\"\u003e\n\u003ctd height=\"19\"\u003eTTV\/Bow \/Warp\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" class=\"xl65\"\u003e≤15 μm \/≤25 μm \/≤25 μm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr height=\"19\"\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" height=\"38\" class=\"xl67\"\u003eRoughness\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" class=\"xl68\"\u003eC face Polish Ra≤1 nm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr height=\"19\"\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" height=\"19\" class=\"xl68\"\u003eSi face CMP Ra≤0.5 nm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr height=\"19\"\u003e\n\u003ctd height=\"19\"\u003eFEdge Cracks By High Intensity Light\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" class=\"xl65\"\u003eNone\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"xl65\"\u003e1 allowed, ≤1 mm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr height=\"19\"\u003e\n\u003ctd height=\"19\" class=\"xl63\" width=\"291\"\u003eHex Plates By High Intensity Light\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" class=\"xl65\"\u003eCumulative area≤1 %\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"xl65\"\u003eCumulative area≤3 %\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr height=\"19\"\u003e\n\u003ctd height=\"19\"\u003ePolytype Areas By High Intensity Light\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"xl65\"\u003eNone\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"xl65\"\u003eCumulative area≤2 %\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"xl65\"\u003eCumulative area≤5%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr height=\"39\"\u003e\n\u003ctd height=\"39\"\u003eSilicon Surface Scratches By High Intensity Light\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"xl66\" width=\"193\"\u003e3 scratches to 1×wafer\u003cbr\u003ediameter cumulative length\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"xl66\" width=\"213\"\u003e5 scratches to 1×wafer diameter\u003cbr\u003ecumulative length\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"xl66\" width=\"237\"\u003e8 scratches to 1×wafer diameter cumulative length\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr height=\"19\"\u003e\n\u003ctd height=\"19\"\u003eEdge Chips High By Intensity Light\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eNone\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e3 allowed, ≤0.5 mm each\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"xl65\"\u003e5 allowed, ≤1 mm each\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr height=\"19\"\u003e\n\u003ctd height=\"19\"\u003eSilicon Surface Contamination By High Intensity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" class=\"xl65\"\u003eNone\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr height=\"19\"\u003e\n\u003ctd height=\"19\"\u003ePackaging\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" class=\"xl65\"\u003eMulti-wafer Cassette Or Single Wafer Container\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNotes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e* Defect limits are applicable to the entire wafer surface except for the edge exclusion area, where defects are present.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e*\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e*\u003c\/span\u003e The scratches are checked on the Si face only.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eInside the wafer case, the side with laser \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003emarking\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e of the serial number is the Carbon face. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe Si face is facing down and the \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCarbon\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e face is facing up. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePROPERTIES OF SILICON CARBIDE CRYSTAL MATERIALS\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"table-scroll\"\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProperty\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4H-SiC Single Crystal\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6H-SiC Single Crystal\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLattice Parameters (Å)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea=3.076\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec=10.053\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea=3.073\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec=15.117\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStacking Sequence\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eABCB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eABCACB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDensity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.21\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.21\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMohs Hardness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e~9.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e~9.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient (CTE) (\/K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4-5 x\u003cspan\u003e10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4-5 x\u003cspan\u003e10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRefraction Index @750nm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eno = 2.61\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ene = 2.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eno = 2.60\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ene = 2.65\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDielectric Constant\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec ~ 9.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec ~ 9.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDoping Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eN-type or Semi-insulating\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eN-type or Semi-insulating\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity (W\/cm-K @298K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(N-type, 0.02 ohm-cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.7\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity (W\/cm-K @298K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Semi-insulating type)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.6\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBand-gap (eV)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.23\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.02\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreak-Down Electrical Field (V\/cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3-5 x 10\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3-5 x10\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSaturation Drift Velocity (m\/s)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.0 x 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.0 x 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWafer and Substrate Sizes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" width=\"426\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWafers: 2, 4, 6, 8 inch; smaller substrates: 10x10, 20x20 mm, other sizes are available and can be custom-made upon request\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct Grades\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" width=\"426\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA Grade Zero \u003cspan\u003emicropipe density\u003c\/span\u003e (MPD \u0026lt; 1 \u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eB Grade Production grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u0026lt; \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e5 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC Grade Research grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u0026lt; \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e15 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eD Grade Dummy grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u0026lt; \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e30 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrice\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMSE Supplies offers the best price on the market for high quality SiC wafers and SiC crystal substrates up to six (6) inch diameter. Our price matching policy guarantees you the best price for the SiC crystal products with comparable specifications. \u003ca title=\"contact MSE Supplies for quote for SiC wafers and crystal substrates\" href=\"mailto:%20sales@msesupplies.com\"\u003eCONTACT US\u003c\/a\u003e today to get your quote.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustomization\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCustomized SiC crystal products can be made to meet customer's particular requirements and specifications. Epi-wafers can also be custom made upon request.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/h4\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"N-type ; Production grade","offer_id":40000274497594,"sku":"WA0309","price":655.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/113_2_in_Silicon_Carbide_Wafers_4H_N-type_SiC_Substrates_6d0f12bb9a.jpg?v=1777608911"},{"product_id":"6-in-silicon-carbide-wafers-4h-sic-n-type-or-semi-insulating","title":"6 in Silicon Carbide Wafers 4H-SiC N-Type or Semi-Insulating","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e6 inch diameter Silicon Carbide (SiC) Wafers Specifications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBoth N-Type and Semi-Insulating Type 4H 6 inch SiC wafers are available. Please contact us for the current lead time.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor bulk orders of more than \u003cstrong data-end=\"42\" data-start=\"29\"\u003e10 pieces\u003c\/strong\u003e, please \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/pages\/contact-us-page\"\u003econtact us\u003c\/a\u003e for special pricing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE_Supplies_150mm_SiC_Wafer_DataSheet.pdf?9750821546182297545\" title=\"MSE Supplies data sheet specification for 150mm 6 inch SiC wafers\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eDownload the PDF file here. \u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 520px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"height: 35px; width: 106.864px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003eGrade\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 104.073px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003eZero MPD Grade\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 78.2292px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003eProduction Grade\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 69.25px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003eResearch Grade\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 126.25px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003eDummy Grade\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"height: 35px; width: 106.864px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDiameter\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\" style=\"height: 35px; width: 377.802px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e150.0 mm +\/- 0.2 mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"height: 35px; width: 106.864px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThickness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\" style=\"height: 35px; width: 377.802px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e500 um +\/- 25 um for 4H-SI\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e350 um +\/- 25 um for 4H-N \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 45px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"height: 45px; width: 106.864px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWafer Orientation\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\" style=\"height: 45px; width: 377.802px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn axis: \u0026lt;0001\u0026gt; +\/- 0.5 deg for 4H-SI\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOff axis: 4.0 deg toward \u0026lt;11-20\u0026gt; +\/-0.5 deg for 4H-N\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 38px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"height: 38px; width: 106.864px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicropipe Density (MPD)\u003csup\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 38px; width: 104.073px;\"\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003e1 cm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 38px; width: 78.2292px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5 cm\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 38px; width: 69.25px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e15 cm\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 38px; width: 126.25px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e30 cm\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"height: 75px; width: 67.0833px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eElectrical Resistivity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Ohm-cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 39.7812px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4H-N\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\" style=\"height: 35px; width: 377.802px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.015~0.025\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 5px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 5px; width: 39.7812px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4H-SI\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\" style=\"height: 5px; width: 251.552px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;1E5  \u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 5px; width: 126.25px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(90%) \u0026gt;1E5  \u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 56px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"height: 56px; width: 106.864px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDoping Concentration\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\" style=\"height: 56px; width: 377.802px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eN-type: ~ 1E18\/cm3\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSI-type (V-doped): ~ 5E18\/cm3\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 56px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"height: 56px; width: 106.864px;\"\u003ePrimary Flat (N type)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\" style=\"height: 56px; width: 377.802px;\"\u003e{10-10} +\/- 5.0 deg\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 56px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"height: 56px; width: 106.864px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrimary Flat Length (N type)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\" style=\"height: 56px; width: 377.802px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e47.5 mm +\/- 2.0 mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 14.5px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"height: 14.5px; width: 106.864px;\"\u003eNotch (Semi-Insulating type)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\" style=\"height: 14.5px; width: 377.802px;\"\u003eNotch\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 41px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"height: 41px; width: 106.864px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEdge exclusion\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\" style=\"height: 41px; width: 377.802px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3 mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 45px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"height: 45px; width: 106.864px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTTV \/Bow \/Warp\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\" style=\"height: 45px; width: 377.802px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e15um \/40um \/60um\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"height: 70px; width: 106.864px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSurface Roughness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\" style=\"height: 35px; width: 377.802px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCMP Ra 0.5 nm on both sides\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 56px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"height: 56px; width: 106.864px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCracks by high intensity light\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 56px; width: 104.073px;\"\u003eNone\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 56px; width: 78.2292px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNone\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 56px; width: 69.25px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1 allowed, 2 mm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 56px; width: 126.25px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCumulative length 10 mm, single length \u003cspan\u003e2 mm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 69px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"height: 69px; width: 106.864px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHex Plates by high intensity light*\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 69px; width: 104.073px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCumulative area 0.05 %\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 69px; width: 78.2292px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCumulative area 0.05 %\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 69px; width: 69.25px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCumulative area 0.05 %\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 69px; width: 126.25px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCumulative area 0.1 %\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 71px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"height: 71px; width: 106.864px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePolytype Areas by high intensity light*\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 71px; width: 104.073px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNone\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 71px; width: 78.2292px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNone\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 71px; width: 69.25px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCumulative area 2%\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 71px; width: 126.25px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCumulative area 5%\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 95px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"height: 95px; width: 106.864px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eScratches by high intensity light*\u003cspan\u003e*\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 95px; width: 104.073px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e3 scratches to 1 x wafer diameter cumulative length\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 95px; width: 78.2292px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3 scratches to 1 x wafer diameter cumulative length\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 95px; width: 69.25px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5 scratches to 1 x wafer diameter cumulative length\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 95px; width: 126.25px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5 scratches to 1 x wafer diameter cumulative length\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 56px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"height: 56px; width: 106.864px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEdge chip\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 56px; width: 104.073px;\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 56px; width: 78.2292px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNone\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 56px; width: 69.25px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3 allowed, 0.5 mm each\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 56px; width: 126.25px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5 allowed, 1 mm each\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 44px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"height: 44px; width: 106.864px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eContamination by high intensity light\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\" style=\"height: 44px; width: 377.802px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNone\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNotes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e* Defect limits are applicable to the entire wafer surface except for the edge exclusion area, where defects are present.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e*\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e*\u003c\/span\u003e The scratches are checked on the Si face only.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eInside the wafer case, the side with laser \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003emarking\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e of the serial number is the Carbon face. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe Si face is facing down and the \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCarbon\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e face is facing up. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePROPERTIES OF 4H SILICON CARBIDE CRYSTAL MATERIAL\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 519px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003eProperty\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 339px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e4H-SiC Single Crystal\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 71px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 71px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLattice Parameters (Å)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 71px; width: 339px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea=3.076\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec=10.053\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStacking Sequence\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 339px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eABCB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35.2px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDensity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35.2px; width: 339px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.21\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMohs Hardness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 339px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e~9.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 56px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 56px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient (CTE) (\/K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 56px; width: 339px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4-5 x \u003cspan\u003e10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 71px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 71px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRefraction Index @750nm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 71px; width: 339px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eno = 2.61\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ene = 2.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDielectric Constant\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 339px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec ~ 9.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDoping Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 339px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eN-type or Semi-insulating\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 92px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 92px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity (W\/cm-K @298K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(N-type, 0.02 ohm-cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 92px; width: 339px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.7\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 107px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 107px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity (W\/cm-K @298K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Semi-insulating type)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 107px; width: 339px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBand-gap (eV)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 339px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.23\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 56px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 56px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreak-Down Electrical Field (V\/cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 56px; width: 339px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3-5 x 10\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 56px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 56px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSaturation Drift Velocity (m\/s)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 56px; width: 339px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.0 x 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 77px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 77px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWafer and Substrate Sizes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 77px; width: 339px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWafers: 2, 4, 6, 8 inch; smaller substrates: 10x10, 20x20 mm, other sizes are available and can be custom-made upon request\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 142px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 142px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct Grades\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 142px; width: 339px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA Grade Zero \u003cspan\u003emicropipe density\u003c\/span\u003e (MPD \u0026lt; 1 \u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eB Grade Production grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u0026lt; \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e5 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC Grade Research grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u0026lt; \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e15 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eD Grade Dummy grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u0026lt; \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e30 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrice\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMSE Supplies offers the best price on the market for high quality SiC wafers and SiC crystal substrates up to six (6) inch diameter. Our price matching policy guarantees you the best price for the SiC crystal products with comparable specifications. \u003ca href=\"mailto:sales@msesupplies.com\" title=\"contact MSE Supplies for quote for SiC wafers and crystal substrates\"\u003eCONTACT US\u003c\/a\u003e today to get your quote.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustomization\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCustomized SiC crystal products can be made to meet customer's particular requirements and specifications.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies LLC","offers":[{"title":"Semi-Insulating Type \/ Dummy Grade","offer_id":40000257130554,"sku":"WA0349","price":1651.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"N-Type \/ Z-MOS","offer_id":40000257065018,"sku":"WA0364","price":1205.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"N-Type \/ Research Grade","offer_id":40000257032250,"sku":"WA0365","price":875.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"N-Type \/ Dummy Grade","offer_id":40000256999482,"sku":"WA0366","price":655.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Semi-Insulating Type \/ Research Grade","offer_id":40000257163322,"sku":"WA0370","price":1975.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Semi-Insulating Type \/ Production Grade","offer_id":40000257196090,"sku":"WA0371","price":2085.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Semi-Insulating Type \/ Zero MPD Grade","offer_id":40000257228858,"sku":"WA0372","price":2195.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/114_6_in_Silicon_Carbide_Wafers_4H-SiC_N-Type_or_Semi-Insulating_b4cfaa06c8.jpg?v=1777608924"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-monolayer-graphene-on-4-in-sio-sub-2-sub-si-wafer","title":"MSE PRO Monolayer Graphene on 4 in SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\/Si Wafer","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003cb\u003eMonolayer Graphene on \u003cspan\u003eSiO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\/Si (4\" Wafer) - Fully Covered\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur monolayer graphene on SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\/Si (4\" Wafer, fully covered) is a two dimensional (2D) material produced by CVD process and transferred to a circular substrate of Si\/SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e (300nm) by a wet transfer process. We consider it to be a benchmark product in the graphene market - not only for its excellent quality, but also for its shape, size and number of applications.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSKU# ME0619\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMONOLAYER GRAPHENE FILM\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTransparency: \u0026gt; 97 %\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCoverage: \u0026gt; 98%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness (theoretical): 0.345 nm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFET Electron Mobility on Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e: 2000 cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\/Vs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHall Electron Mobility on SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\/Si: 4000 cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\/Vs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSheet Resistance: 450 +\/- 40 Ohms\/sq (1cm x1cm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrain size: Up to 20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSUBSTRATE SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\/Si\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDry Oxide Thickness: 300 nm (+\/- 5%)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eType\/Dopant: P\/B\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: \u0026lt;100\u0026gt;\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResistivity: 1-10 ohm-cm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 675 +\/- 20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFront surface: Single Side Polished\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBack Surface: Etched\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParticles: \u0026lt;10 @0.3 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eQUALITY CONTROL\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll our samples are subjected to a rigorous QC in order to ensure a high quality and reproducibility of the graphene. Each batch must pass the following tests:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRaman Spectroscopy: I(G)\/I(2D)\u0026lt;0.7; I(D)\/I(G)\u0026lt;0.05\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOptical Microscopy inspection of each individual sample to ensure good transfer quality and purity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAPPLICATIONS OF MONOLAYER GRAPHENE FILM\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGraphene research, Graphene transistors and electronic applications, Graphene optoelectronics, plasmonics and nanophotonics, Graphene photodetectors (measure photon flux or optical power), Biosensors and bioelectronics, Aerospace industry (electronics, thermal interface materials, etc.), MEMS and NEMS\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePUBLICATIONS\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\"\u003c\/span\u003e\u003ca title=\"Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene\" href=\"http:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/321\/5887\/385\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMeasurement of the elastic properties and intrinsic strength of monolayer graphene\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan\u003e,\" (\u003c\/span\u003e\u003ca title=\"Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene\" href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Jeffrey_Kysar\/publication\/51410262_Measurement_of_the_Elastic_Properties_and_Intrinsic_Strength_of_Monolayer_Graphene\/links\/02e7e5251d6cf54dc2000000.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003edownload PDF\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan\u003e) C Lee, X Wei, JW Kysar, J Hone, Science 18 Jul 2008: Vol. 321, Issue 5887, pp. 385-388, DOI: 10.1126\/science.1157996 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRecent advances in graphene-based biosensors, 2011; doi: 10.1016\/j.bios.2011.05.039. Optical nano-imaging of gate-tunable graphene plasmons, Nature 487, 77-81 (05 July 2012), vol. 487, page 77, doi: 10.1038\/nature11254\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\"Graphene Frequency Multipliers\", Electron Device Letters, IEEE, vol. 30, Issue:5; doi: 10.1109\/LED.2009.2016443\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMSE Supplies guarantees the high quality and best price on the market for our graphene products. Buying graphene products from MSE Supplies will save you ~50% or more compared to prices listed by other re-sellers such as \u003cem\u003eSigma-Aldrich\u003c\/em\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":32860866639,"sku":"ME0619","price":1513.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/116_MSE_PRO_Monolayer_Graphene_on_4_in_SiO_sub_2_sub_Si_Wafer_924c686e2a.jpg?v=1777608949"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-economy-laboratory-glass-cutting-table","title":"MSE PRO Economy Laboratory Glass Cutting Table","description":"\u003ch2\u003eMSE PRO Economy Laboratory Glass Cutting Table for Glass, Wafers and Crystal Substrates, Laboratory Glass Cutter\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct Number (SKU#): GC0101\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIn Stock\u003c\/strong\u003e for immediate shipment\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis laboratory glass cutter can be used for scribing and cutting glass slides, Transparent Conductive Oxide (TCO) coated glass substrates (e.g. \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/collections\/photovoltaics-solar-cells\"\u003eITO, FTO\u003c\/a\u003e), silicon wafers and other crystal substrates.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSize of the Cutter: 370 mm x 370 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCutting Area: 280 mm x 330 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCutting Wheels: two replaceable carbide cutting wheels are included, and can be used to cut the glass with thickness of 0.5mm to 1.5mm and 1mm to 3mm, respectively. The minimum size of thin glass that can be cut is less than 2mm. The typical life time of the cutting wheel is 20,000 meters for glass.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/products\/replacement-cutting-wheel-for-mse-supplies-laboratory-glass-cutting-table?variant=39475703775290\"\u003eClick here to order the replacement carbide cutting wheel\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Laboratory Glass Cutting Table","offer_id":39246220197946,"sku":"GC0101","price":707.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/117_MSE_PRO_Economy_Laboratory_Glass_Cutting_Table_d3328da7d0.jpg?v=1777608961"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-5-x-10-mm-m-plane-1-100-undoped-n-type-free-standing-gallium-nitride-single-crystal","title":"MSE PRO 5 x 10 mm M plane (1-100) Undoped N-type Free Standing Gallium Nitride Single Crystal","description":"\u003cdiv\u003eProduct #: WA0217\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOrientation: M plane (1-100) \u003c\/strong\u003eoff angle toward C-axis -1 +\/- 0.2 deg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eConductivity type\u003c\/strong\u003e: N-type undoped\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDimension:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cspan\u003e5.0 mm x 10 mm +\/- 0.2 mm\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eThickness:\u003c\/strong\u003e 350 +\/- 25 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eUsable area:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt; 90%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTotal Thickness Variation: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u0026lt;15 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBow: \u0026lt;\u003c\/strong\u003e20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResistivity (300K)\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u0026lt;0.5 Ohm.cm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCarrier Concentration: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e1e17cm\u003csup\u003e-3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMobility:\u003c\/strong\u003e 500 cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\/(V*s)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDislocation Density:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026lt; 5x10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e cm\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePolishing: \u003c\/strong\u003efront surface Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm. Epi-ready polished. back surface fine ground.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePackage: \u003c\/strong\u003epackaged in a class 100 clean room environment, in single wafer containers, under nitrogen atmosphere.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRelated References\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1. GaN grown in polar and non-polar directions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003ehttp:\/\/www.wat.edu.pl\/review\/optor\/12(4)339.PDF\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003eIn this paper, defects formed in GaN grown by different methods are reviewed. Thin GaN films were grown on c-, m-, and a-planes on a number of substrates and typical defects as characterized by transmission electron microscopy are described. For polar epilayers grown on c-plane sapphire the typical defects are dislocations (edge, screw and mixed). The lowest dislocation density was obtained for homoepitaxial growth using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) or hydride vapour phase epitaxy (HVPE). In these cases, the core structure of screw dislocations were studied in detail. In both cases, the cores are full. In the layers grown by HVPE the dislocations are decorated by pinholes stacked on top of each other. These pinholes are empty inside and their formation is attributed to impurities (oxygen) present in these layers. In these layers Ga-rich cores have been found. These were not observed in the layers grown by MBE on the top of the HVPE templates. Epilayers grown in non-polar directions (m- or a-plane) have a high density of planar defects (stacking faults) terminated by partial dislocations. Only low energy faults were found. The majority of these faults are formed at the interface with the substrate and propagate to the sample surface.\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003e2. \u003cstrong\u003eGaN \u003cspan class=\"aps-inline-formula\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML\" tabindex=\"0\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-1\" class=\"mjx-math\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-2\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-3\" class=\"mjx-mi\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I\"\u003em\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e-plane: Atomic structure, surface bands, and optical response\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003ehttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevB.91.035302\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003eDensity-functional-theory calculations are combined with many-body perturbation theory in order to elucidate the geometry, electronic, and optical properties of the \u003cspan class=\"aps-inline-formula\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MathJax-Element-2-Frame\" class=\"mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML\" tabindex=\"0\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-4\" class=\"mjx-math\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-5\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-6\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-7\" class=\"mjx-mi\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I\"\u003ew\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-8\" class=\"mjx-mi\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I\"\u003ez\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-9\" class=\"mjx-mo MJXc-space2\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-10\" class=\"mjx-mi MJXc-space2\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\"\u003eGaN\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-11\" class=\"mjx-mo\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-size1-R\"\u003e(\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-12\" class=\"mjx-mn\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\"\u003e1\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-16\" class=\"mjx-mn\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\"\u003e00\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e) surface, i.e., the so-called \u003cspan class=\"aps-inline-formula\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MathJax-Element-3-Frame\" class=\"mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML\" tabindex=\"0\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-17\" class=\"mjx-math\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-18\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-19\" class=\"mjx-mi\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I\"\u003em\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e-plane. The optical absorption and reflection anisotropy related to electronic transitions between surface states are identified by comparison with measured data covering transition energies from 2.4 up to 5.4 eV. Our results show a surface relaxation mechanism consistent with the electron counting rule that causes a moderate buckling of the GaN surface dimers and gives rise to two distinct surface states: The doubly occupied N dangling bonds form a surface band that is resonant with the GaN valence-band edge at the center of the Brillouin zone, whereas the empty Ga dangling bonds occur within the GaN band gap closely following the dispersion of the conduction-band edge. These two states contribute strongly to the formation of surface excitons that redshift the optical absorption with respect to the bulk optical response. The surface optical absorption i.e., the excitonic onset below the bulk band gap followed by a broad absorption band at higher energies related to the dispersion of the surface band structure, is calculated in agreement with the experimental data.\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41420242452538,"sku":"WA0217","price":722.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/152_MSE_PRO_5_x_10_mm_M_plane_1-100_Undoped_N-type_Free_Standing_Gallium_Nitride_Sin_a28e962527.jpg?v=1777609376"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-2-inch-ito-coated-sapphire-wafer-dsp-10-ohm-sq","title":"MSE PRO 2 inch ITO Coated Sapphire Wafer DSP 10 Ohm\/Sq","description":"\u003ch2\u003e~10 Ohm\/sq sheet resistance, ITO coated 2 inch Sapphire Substrate, Indium Doped Tin Oxide (In-SnO2 or ITO) Coated Sapphire\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor customized products, \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/pages\/contact-us\" title=\"contact us\"\u003eplease contact\u003c\/a\u003e us.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSapphire Substrate: 2 inch Sapphire wafer, C-plane (0001), thickness: 300 microns, double side polished (DSP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eITO Thickness: 280 nm +\/- 10 nm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eITO film surface roughness \u0026lt; 2 nm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimensions: 2 inch diameter (50.8 mm) x 300 um thickness\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpecial Patterns: can be customized according to customer provided drawings.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSheet Resistance: 10 +\/- 2 ohm\/sq\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTransmittance: \u0026gt;84%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApplications for ~10 Ohm\/sq ITO Coated Sapphire Wafer\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIndium tin oxide (ITO) is one of the most widely used transparent conducting oxides (TCO) because of its two main properties, its electrical conductivity and optical transparency. ITO can also be easily deposited on a substrate as a thin film. High quality sputtered Indium Doped Tin Oxide (ITO) films can be used as electrodes for photovoltaic\/solar cells, LCD display, electrochemical deposition, capacitors, Infrared detection applications.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustomer Testimonials\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCarlos Biaou, a PhD student at UC Berkeley worked with \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/collections\/photovoltaics-solar-cells\"\u003eMSE Supplies\u003c\/a\u003e to fabricate several hundred customized \u003ca title=\"customized ITO and FTO substrates\" href=\"http:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/collections\/photovoltaics-solar-cells\"\u003eITO and FTO substrates\u003c\/a\u003e for his thesis research, and he had a very positive feedback on the products and services he received from \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/collections\/photovoltaics-solar-cells\"\u003eMSE Supplies\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cem\u003e\"The uniformity of the ITO and FTO layers were excellent, and the custom pattern I ordered was well formed.\" \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cem\u003e\"The variation in size from substrate to substrate is within the margins of errors I needed, so that's great too.\" \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cem\u003e\"I appreciate the great customer service and diligence you've shown in customizing my substrates.\" \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Selma Duhovi from \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/web.mit.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003eMIT\u003c\/a\u003e has used the \u003ca title=\"customized ITO and FTO substrates\" href=\"http:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/collections\/photovoltaics-solar-cells\"\u003eITO and FTO substrates\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan\u003e provided by \u003c\/span\u003eMSE Supplies for smart glass application, and has been very satisfied with the products and services provided by MSE Supplies.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003e\"The FTO and ITO glass slides you sent me work GREAT!\"\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003e\"The substrates work really well for smart glass application.\"\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003e\"The experiments have gone well!\" \u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTypical Academia Customers\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eNREL, UC Berkeley, UCLA, Caltech, MIT, Yale, University of Michigan, Cornell, University of Chicago, State University of New York (SUNY), McMaster Univ., National Physical Laboratory (NPL), etc.\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":13907641204794,"sku":"WA0416","price":219.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/327_MSE_PRO_2_inch_ITO_Coated_Sapphire_Wafer_DSP_10_Ohm_Sq_3af501b4ea.jpg?v=1777611546"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-10-mm-x-10-mm-4h-n-type-sic-research-grade-silicon-carbide-crystal-substrate","title":"MSE PRO 10 mm x 10 mm 4H N-Type SiC, Research Grade, Silicon Carbide Crystal Substrate","description":"\u003ch2\u003e10 mm x 10 mm Silicon Carbide Crystal Substrate 4H (0001) N-Type SiC, Research Grade, Double Side Polished, Si face CMP polished (epi ready)\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003eProduct SKU#\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003eWA0335\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSize\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10 mm x 10 mm (+\/- 1mm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThickness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e350 um +\/- 25 um (N type)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCrystal Orientation\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4 +\/- 0.5 deg off axis \u0026lt;0001\u0026gt;\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003eMicropipe Density (MPD)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003eless than 15 cm\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003eDoping Concentration\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eN-type: ~ 1E18\/cm3\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eElectrical Resistivity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4H-N\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.015~0.025 Ohm-cm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSurface Roughness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePolish Ra 1 nm (C face, marked with a dot)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCMP Ra 0.5 nm (Si face)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePROPERTIES OF SILICON CARBIDE CRYSTAL MATERIALS\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eProperty\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4H-SiC Single Crystal\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e6H-SiC Single Crystal\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLattice Parameters (Å)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea=3.076\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec=10.053\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea=3.073\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec=15.117\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStacking Sequence\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eABCB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eABCACB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDensity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.21\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.21\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMohs Hardness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e~9.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e~9.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient (CTE) (\/K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4-5 x \u003cspan\u003e10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4-5 x \u003cspan\u003e10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRefraction Index @750nm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eno = 2.61\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ene = 2.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eno = 2.60\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ene = 2.65\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDielectric Constant\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec ~ 9.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec ~ 9.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDoping Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eN-type or Semi-insulating\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eN-type or Semi-insulating\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity (W\/cm K @298K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(N-type, 0.02 ohm-cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.7\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity (W\/cm K @298K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Semi-insulating type)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.6\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBand-gap (eV)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.23\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.02\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreak-Down Electrical Field (V\/cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3-5 x 10\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3-5 x 10\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSaturation Drift Velocity (m\/s)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.0 x 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.0 x 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWafer and Substrate Sizes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" width=\"426\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWafers: 2, 3, 4, 6 inch; smaller substrates: 10x10, 20x20 mm, other sizes are available and can be custom-made upon request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct Grades\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" width=\"426\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA Grade Zero \u003cspan\u003emicropipe density\u003c\/span\u003e (MPD 1 \u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eB Grade Production grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e 5 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC Grade Research grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e 15 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eD Grade Dummy grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e 30 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrice\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMSE Supplies offers the best price on the market for high quality SiC wafers and SiC crystal substrates up to six (6) inch diameter. Our price matching policy guarantees you the best price for the SiC crystal products with comparable specifications. \u003ca title=\"contact MSE Supplies for quote for SiC wafers and crystal substrates\" href=\"mailto:sales@msesupplies.com\"\u003eCONTACT US\u003c\/a\u003e today to get your quote.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustomization\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCustomized SiC crystal products can be made to meet customer's particular requirements and specifications.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":22947673276474,"sku":"WA0335","price":98.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/565_MSE_PRO_10_mm_x_10_mm_4H_N-Type_SiC_Research_Grade_Silicon_Carbide_Crystal_Subst_36b9f9287f.jpg?v=1777614751"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-10x10x1-mm-4h-semi-insulating-type-sic-research-grade-silicon-carbide-crystal-substrate","title":"MSE PRO 10x10x1 mm 4H Semi-Insulating Type SiC, Research Grade, Silicon Carbide Crystal Substrate","description":"\u003ch2\u003e10x10x1 mm 4H Semi-Insulating Type SiC (0001), Research Grade, Silicon Carbide Crystal Substrate, Double Side Polished, Si face CMP polished (epi ready)\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003eProduct SKU#\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003eWA0334\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSize\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10 mm x 10 mm (+\/- 1mm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThickness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1000 um +\/- 50 um (SI type)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCrystal Orientation\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn axis: \u0026lt;0001\u0026gt; +\/- 0.5 deg for 4H-SI\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003eMicropipe Density (MPD)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003eless than 15 cm\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003eDoping Concentration\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSI-type (V-doped): ~ 5E18\/cm3\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eElectrical Resistivity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4H-SI\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;1E5  Ohm-cm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSurface Roughness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePolish Ra 1 nm (C face, marked)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCMP Ra 0.5 nm (Si face)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePROPERTIES OF SILICON CARBIDE CRYSTAL MATERIALS\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eProperty\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4H-SiC Single Crystal\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e6H-SiC Single Crystal\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLattice Parameters (Å)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea=3.076\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec=10.053\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea=3.073\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec=15.117\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStacking Sequence\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eABCB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eABCACB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDensity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.21\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.21\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMohs Hardness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e~9.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e~9.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient (CTE) (\/K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4-5x\u003cspan\u003e10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4-5x\u003cspan\u003e10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRefraction Index @750nm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eno = 2.61\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ene = 2.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eno = 2.60\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ene = 2.65\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDielectric Constant\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec ~ 9.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec ~ 9.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDoping Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eN-type or Semi-insulating\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eN-type or Semi-insulating\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity (W\/cm K @298K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(N-type, 0.02 ohm-cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.7\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity (W\/cm K @298K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Semi-insulating type)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.6\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBand-gap (eV)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.23\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.02\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreak-Down Electrical Field (V\/cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3-5 x 10\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3-5 x 10\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSaturation Drift Velocity (m\/s)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.0 x 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.0 x 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWafer and Substrate Sizes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"426\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWafers: 2, 3, 4, 6 inch; smaller substrates: 10x10, 20x20 mm, other sizes are available and can be custom-made upon request\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct Grades\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"426\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA Grade Zero \u003cspan\u003emicropipe density\u003c\/span\u003e (MPD 1 \u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eB Grade Production grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e 5 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC Grade Research grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e 15 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eD Grade Dummy grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e 30 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrice\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMSE Supplies offers the best price on the market for high quality SiC wafers and SiC crystal substrates up to six (6) inch diameter. Our price matching policy guarantees you the best price for the SiC crystal products with comparable specifications. \u003ca href=\"mailto:sales@msesupplies.com\" title=\"contact MSE Supplies for quote for SiC wafers and crystal substrates\"\u003eCONTACT US\u003c\/a\u003e today to get your quote.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustomization\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCustomized SiC crystal products can be made to meet customer's particular requirements and specifications.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":22947917398074,"sku":"WA0334","price":131.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/566_MSE_PRO_10x10x1_mm_4H_Semi-Insulating_Type_SiC_Research_Grade_Silicon_Carbide_Cr_968e37542f.jpg?v=1777614765"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-10-mm-x-10-mm-6h-semi-insulating-type-sic-research-grade-silicon-carbide-crystal-substrate","title":"MSE PRO 10 mm x 10 mm 6H Semi-Insulating Type SiC, Research Grade, Silicon Carbide Crystal Substrate","description":"\u003ch2\u003e10 mm x 10 mm 6H Semi-Insulating Type SiC (0001), Research Grade, Silicon Carbide Crystal Substrate, Single Side Polished, Si face CMP polished (epi ready)\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003eProduct SKU#\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003eWA0337\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSize\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10 mm x 10 mm (+\/- 1 mm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThickness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e330 um +\/- 25 um (SI type)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCrystal Orientation\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eOn axis: \u0026lt;0001\u0026gt; +\/- 0.5 deg for 6H-SI\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003eMicropipe Density (MPD)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003eless than 15 cm\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003eDoping Concentration\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003eSI-type (V-doped): ~ 5E18\/cm3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eElectrical Resistivity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6H-SI\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;1E5  Ohm-cm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSurface Roughness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnpolished (C face, marked)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCMP Ra 0.5 nm (Si face)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePROPERTIES OF SILICON CARBIDE CRYSTAL MATERIALS\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eProperty\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4H-SiC Single Crystal\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e6H-SiC Single Crystal\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLattice Parameters (Å)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea=3.076\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec=10.053\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea=3.073\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec=15.117\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStacking Sequence\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eABCB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eABCACB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDensity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.21\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.21\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMohs Hardness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e~9.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e~9.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient (CTE) (\/K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4-5 x \u003cspan\u003e10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4-5 x \u003cspan\u003e10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRefraction Index @750nm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eno = 2.61\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ene = 2.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eno = 2.60\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ene = 2.65\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDielectric Constant\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec ~ 9.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec ~ 9.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDoping Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eN-type or Semi-insulating\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eN-type or Semi-insulating\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity (W\/cm-K @298K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(N-type, 0.02 ohm-cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.7\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity (W\/cm-K @298K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Semi-insulating type)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.6\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBand-gap (eV)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.23\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.02\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreak-Down Electrical Field (V\/cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3-5 x 10\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3-5 x10\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSaturation Drift Velocity (m\/s)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.0 x 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.0 x 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWafer and Substrate Sizes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" width=\"426\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWafers: 2, 3, 4, 6 inch; smaller substrates: 10x10, 20x20 mm, other sizes are available and can be custom-made upon request\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct Grades\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" width=\"426\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA Grade Zero \u003cspan\u003emicropipe density\u003c\/span\u003e (MPD \u0026lt; 1 \u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eB Grade Production grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD \u0026lt;\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e 5 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC Grade Research grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u0026lt; \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e15 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eD Grade Dummy grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt; \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e30 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrice\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMSE Supplies offers the best price on the market for high quality SiC wafers and SiC crystal substrates up to six (6) inch diameter. Our price matching policy guarantees you the best price for the SiC crystal products with comparable specifications. \u003ca title=\"contact MSE Supplies for quote for SiC wafers and crystal substrates\" href=\"mailto:sales@msesupplies.com\"\u003eCONTACT US\u003c\/a\u003e today to get your quote.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustomization\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCustomized SiC crystal products can be made to meet customer's particular requirements and specifications.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":22948050403386,"sku":"WA0337","price":142.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/567_MSE_PRO_10_mm_x_10_mm_6H_Semi-Insulating_Type_SiC_Research_Grade_Silicon_Carbide_e85b3abfea.jpg?v=1777614779"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-100-mm-p-type-b-doped-prime-grade-silicon-wafer-100-ssp-10-20-ohm-cm","title":"MSE PRO 100 mm P Type (B-doped) Prime Grade Silicon Wafer \u003c100\u003e, SSP, 10-20 ohm-cm","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e100 mm P Type (B-doped) SEMI Standard Prime Grade Silicon Wafer \u0026lt;100\u0026gt;, 10-20 ohm-cm, Single Side Polished, 4 inch Si Wafer\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct SKU#: WA0801\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaterial: Single Crystal Silicon Wafer\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrowth Method: MCZ\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: \u0026lt;100\u0026gt;\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiameter: 100 mm +\/- 0.5 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 525 um +\/- 20 um (SSP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Flat Orientation: \u0026lt;110\u0026gt; +\/-1 deg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Flat Length: 32.5 +\/- 2.5 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecondary Flat Orientation: 90 deg from primary flat\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecondary Flat Length: 18.0 +\/- 2.0 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eType\/ Dopant: P\/ Boron\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient: \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e2.6·10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e°C \u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e-1\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eElectrical Resistivity: 10-20 ohm-cm\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRRV: 8% (6mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOxygen Content: 1.6 x 10^18 atoms\/cm3\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCarbon Content: 0.5 ppm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGBIR\/ TTV: 5 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWARP: 30 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBOW: 30 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFront Surface: CMP Polished, Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm (single side polished, SSP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePackage: Packaged in a class 100 clean room environment, in cassettes of 25 pcs under vacuum or in single wafer containers.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePlease contact us if you have bulk orders or need customization.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41420262408250,"sku":"WA0801","price":32.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/675_MSE_PRO_100_mm_P_Type_B-doped_Prime_Grade_Silicon_Wafer_100_SSP_10-20_ohm-cm_1ba4ee83b8.jpg?v=1777616274"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-100-mm-n-type-p-doped-prime-grade-silicon-wafer-100-ssp-1-10-ohm-cm","title":"MSE PRO 100 mm N Type (P-doped) Prime Grade Silicon Wafer \u003c100\u003e, SSP, 1-10 ohm-cm","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e100 mm N Type (P-doped) SEMI Standard Prime Grade Silicon Wafer \u0026lt;100\u0026gt;, 1-10 ohm-cm, Single Side Polished, 4 inch Si Wafer\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct SKU#: WA0802\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaterial: Single Crystal Silicon Wafer\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrowth Method: MCZ\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: \u0026lt;100\u0026gt;\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiameter: 100 mm +\/- 0.5 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 525 um +\/- 20 um (SSP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Flat Orientation: \u0026lt;110\u0026gt; +\/-1 deg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Flat Length: 32.5 +\/- 2.5 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecondary Flat Orientation: 90 deg from primary flat\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecondary Flat Length: 18.0 +\/- 2.0 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eType\/ Dopant: N\/ Phosphorus\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient: \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e2.6·10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e°C \u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e-1\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eElectrical Resistivity: 1-10 ohm-cm\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRRV: 8% (6mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOxygen Content: 1.6 x 10^18 atoms\/cm3\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCarbon Content: 0.5 ppm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGBIR\/ TTV: 5 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWARP: 30 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBOW: 30 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFront Surface: CMP Polished, Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm (single side polished, SSP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePackage: Packaged in a class 100 clean room environment, in cassettes of 25 pcs under vacuum or in single wafer containers.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41420262309946,"sku":"WA0802","price":32.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/678_MSE_PRO_100_mm_N_Type_P-doped_Prime_Grade_Silicon_Wafer_100_SSP_1-10_ohm-cm_014ef41e06.jpg?v=1777616319"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-1-inch-sapphire-wafer-c-plane-single-or-double-side-polish-al-sub-2-sub-o-sub-3-sub-single-crystal","title":"MSE PRO 1 inch Sapphire Wafer C-Plane Single or Double Side Polish Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3 \u003c\/sub\u003eSingle Crystal","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSapphire Wafer, 1 inch, C-plane (0001), Prime Grade\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct SKU#: \u003cstrong\u003eWA0427\u003c\/strong\u003e for \u003cspan\u003esingle side polished (SSP) or \u003cstrong\u003eWA0430\u003c\/strong\u003e for double side polished (DSP)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Sapphire_Wafer_-SDS.pdf?v=1612456877\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\" alt=\"\" data-mce-selected=\"1\"\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustomized sapphire wafers and windows are available upon request\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaterial: High Purity \u0026gt;99.99%, single crystal Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 25.4 mm +\/- 0.1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 650 \u003cspan\u003eu\u003c\/span\u003em +\/- 25 \u003cspan\u003eu\u003c\/span\u003em for SSP, \u003cspan\u003e600 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eu\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003em +\/- 25 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eu\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003em for DSP\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLattice Parameter: a=4.785 Å, c=12.991 Å\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDensity: 3.98 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: C plane (0001)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Flat Orientation: no flat\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Flat Length: no flat\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTotal Thickness Variation (TTV): \u0026lt;5 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBow: \u0026lt;10 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWarp: \u0026lt;10 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient: 6.66 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/ °C parallel to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis, 5 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/°C perpendicular to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Strength:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4.8 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eV\/cm\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Constant: 11.5 (1 MHz) along C axis, 9.3 \u003cspan\u003e(1 MHz) perpendicular to C axis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDielectric Loss Tangent (a.k.a. dissipation factor): less than 1 x 10\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e4\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThermal Conductivity: 40 W\/(m.K) at 20℃ \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: single side polished (SSP) or double side polished (DSP) Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm (by AFM). The reverse side of SSP wafer was fine ground to Ra = 0.8 - 1.2 um.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTransmittance: 88% +\/-1 % @460 nm (for DSP wafers)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":23598395228218,"sku":"WA0427","price":28.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":31256412913722,"sku":"WA0430","price":43.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/679_MSE_PRO_1_inch_Sapphire_Wafer_C-Plane_Single_or_Double_Side_Polish_Al_sub_2_sub__aba50e2a26.jpg?v=1777616332"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-calcium-fluoride-caf2-crystal-substrates","title":"MSE PRO Calcium Fluoride CaF2 Crystal Substrates","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCalcium Fluoride Crystal Substrates and Wafers Properties\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-CaF2_Crystal-SDS.pdf?v=1604442755\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"ctools-collapsible-content\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"view view-data-tables view-id-data_tables view-display-id-block_2 product-data-table view-dom-id-f5836a46cf618dc170fb4189ccf54b04\"\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 480px;\" class=\"views-table cols-15\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 25.5px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 25.5px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChemical Formula\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 25.5px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCaF\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 25.5px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 25.5px;\" class=\"\"\u003eCAS Number\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 25.5px;\" class=\"\"\u003e7789-75-5\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 22px;\" class=\"\"\u003eCrystal Structure\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 22px;\" class=\"\"\u003eCubic\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLattice Constant\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5.462 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003eCrystal Orientation\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e(100), (111), (110)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003eSize\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10x10x0.5mm, 10x10x1.0mm, 1 inch diameter, 2 inch diameter, other sizes are available upon request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003eSurface Polish\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSingle side polished (SSP) or Double side polished (DSP)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nowrap\"\u003e78.075\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAppearance\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ecolorless solid\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMelting Point\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1360 °C\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBoiling Point\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e2533 °C\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDensity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e3.18 g\/cm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 57px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 57px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSolubility in H2O\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 57px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.015 g\/L (18 °C)\u003cbr\u003e0.016 g\/L (20 °C)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePoisson's Ratio\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.26\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpecific Heat\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e854 J-kg\/m-K\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9.71 W\/m-K\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e18.85 x 10\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e \/K\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYoung's Modulus\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e75.8 GPa\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRefractive Index\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.4338\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003cstrong\u003eApplications of \u003cspan\u003eCaF\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e2 \u003c\/sub\u003ecrystal substrates and wafers\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCalcium fluoride crystal is used to manufacture optical components such as windows and lenses, used in thermal imaging systems, spectroscopy, telescopes, and excimer lasers. \u003cspan\u003eCaF\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eis transparent over a broad range from ultraviolet (UV) to infrared (IR) frequencies. Its low refractive index reduces the need for anti-reflection coatings. Its insolubility in water is convenient as well.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"(100) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single side polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204151291962,"sku":"SU2201","price":72.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double side polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204151324730,"sku":"SU2202","price":87.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 20 mm x 20 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single side polished (SSP)","offer_id":40703848579130,"sku":"SU2225","price":142.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 20 mm x 20 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double side polished (DSP)","offer_id":40703849496634,"sku":"SU2226","price":153.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 1.0 mm \/ Single side polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204151357498,"sku":"SU2203","price":87.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 1.0 mm \/ Double side polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204151390266,"sku":"SU2204","price":84.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 20 mm x 20 mm x 1.0 mm \/ Single side polished (SSP)","offer_id":40703849562170,"sku":"SU2227","price":186.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 20 mm x 20 mm x 1.0 mm \/ Double side polished (DSP)","offer_id":40703849529402,"sku":"SU2228","price":197.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 1 inch Diameter x 1.0 mm Thick \/ Single side polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204151750714,"sku":"SU2215","price":193.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 1 inch Diameter x 1.0 mm Thick \/ Double side polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204151619642,"sku":"SU2211","price":237.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 2 inch Diameter x 1.0 mm Thick \/ Double side polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204151652410,"sku":"SU2214","price":490.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 1 inch x 1 inch x 1.0 mm Thick \/ Double side polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204151717946,"sku":"SU2216","price":303.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 2 inch Diameter x 0.5 mm Thick \/ Single side polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204151816250,"sku":"SU2212","price":505.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 2 inch Diameter x 0.5 mm Thick \/ Double side polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204151849018,"sku":"SU2213","price":527.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single side polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204151423034,"sku":"SU2205","price":69.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double side polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204151455802,"sku":"SU2206","price":72.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 1.0 mm \/ Single side polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204151488570,"sku":"SU2207","price":72.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 1.0 mm \/ Double side polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204151521338,"sku":"SU2208","price":85.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 1 inch Diameter x 1.0 mm Thick \/ Double side polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204151554106,"sku":"SU2310","price":259.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 2 inch Diameter x 1.0 mm Thick \/ Double side polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204151586874,"sku":"SU2311","price":567.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 1 inch x 1 inch x 1.0 mm Thick \/ Double side polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204151685178,"sku":"SU2312","price":303.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 2 inch Diameter x 0.5 mm Thick \/ Double side polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204151783482,"sku":"SU2313","price":545.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single side polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204151914554,"sku":"SU2218","price":76.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 2 inch Diameter x 0.5 mm Thick \/ Double side polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204151881786,"sku":"SU2217","price":614.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/681_MSE_PRO_Calcium_Fluoride_CaF2_Crystal_Substrates_f58c1098a8.jpg?v=1777616360"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-1-cassette-qty-25-of-100-mm-n-type-p-doped-prime-grade-silicon-wafer-100-ssp-1-10-ohm-cm","title":"MSE PRO 1 Cassette (qty. 25) of 100 mm N Type (P-doped) Prime Grade Silicon Wafer \u003c100\u003e, SSP, 1-10 ohm-cm","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1 Cassette (qty. 25) of 100 mm N Type (P-doped) SEMI Standard Prime Grade Silicon Wafer \u0026lt;100\u0026gt;, 1-10 ohm-cm, Single Side Polished, 4 inch Si Wafer\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct SKU#: WA0805\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaterial: Single Crystal Silicon Wafer\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrowth Method: MCZ\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: \u0026lt;100\u0026gt;\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiameter: 100 mm +\/- 0.5 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 525 um +\/- 20 um (SSP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Flat Orientation: \u0026lt;110\u0026gt; +\/-1 deg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Flat Length: 32.5 +\/- 2.5 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecondary Flat Orientation: 90 deg from primary flat\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecondary Flat Length: 18.0 +\/- 2.0 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eType\/ Dopant: N\/ Phosphorus\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient: \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e2.6·10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e°C \u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e-1\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eElectrical Resistivity: 1-10 ohm-cm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRRV: 8% (6mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOxygen Content: 1.6 x 10^18 atoms\/cm3\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCarbon Content: 0.5 ppm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGBIR\/ TTV: 5 µm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWARP: 30 µm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBOW: 30 µm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFront Surface: CMP Polished, Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm (single side polished, SSP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePackage: Packaged in a class 100 clean room environment, in cassettes of 25 wafers.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":23715260661818,"sku":"WA0805","price":547.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/683_MSE_PRO_1_Cassette_qty_25_of_100_mm_N_Type_P-doped_Prime_Grade_Silicon_Wafer_100_5cb06523f6.jpg?v=1777616387"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-1-cassette-qty-25-of-100-mm-p-type-b-doped-prime-grade-silicon-wafer-100-ssp-10-20-ohm-cm","title":"MSE PRO 1 Cassette (qty. 25) of 100 mm P Type (B-doped) Prime Grade Silicon Wafer \u003c100\u003e, SSP, 10-20 ohm-cm","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1 Cassette (qty. 25) of 100 mm P Type (B-doped) SEMI Standard Prime Grade Silicon Wafer \u0026lt;100\u0026gt;, 10-20 ohm-cm, Single Side Polished, 4 inch Si Wafer\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct SKU#: WA0806\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaterial: Single Crystal Silicon Wafer\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrowth Method: MCZ\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: \u0026lt;100\u0026gt;\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiameter: 100 mm +\/- 0.5 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 525 um +\/- 25 um (SSP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Flat Orientation: \u0026lt;110\u0026gt; +\/-1 deg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Flat Length: 32.5 +\/- 2.5 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecondary Flat Orientation: 90 deg from primary flat\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecondary Flat Length: 18.0 +\/- 2.0 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eType\/ Dopant: P\/ Boron\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient: \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e2.6·10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e°C \u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e-1\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eElectrical Resistivity: 10-20 ohm-cm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRRV: 8% (6mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOxygen Content: 1.6 x 10^18 atoms\/cm3\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCarbon Content: 0.5 ppm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGBIR\/ TTV: 5 µm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWARP: 30 µm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBOW: 30 µm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFront Surface: CMP Polished, Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm (single side polished, SSP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePackage: Packaged in a class 100 clean room environment, in cassettes of 25 wafers.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":23715278815290,"sku":"WA0806","price":547.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/684_MSE_PRO_1_Cassette_qty_25_of_100_mm_P_Type_B-doped_Prime_Grade_Silicon_Wafer_100_f1eac2ed46.jpg?v=1777616401"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-100-mm-jgs2-fused-silica-wafer-500-um-thick-dsp-w-bevel-primary-flat-only","title":"MSE PRO 100 mm JGS2 Fused Silica Wafer, 500 um Thick, DSP, w\/ Bevel, Primary Flat Only","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e100 mm JGS2 Fused Silica Wafer, 500 um Thick, DSP, w\/ Bevel, Primary Flat Only\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh quality 4 inch SiO2 fused silica wafers are in stock for immediate shipment. Order 100mm fused quartz wafers with best price on the \u003cspan\u003emarket from a trusted materials science supplier, MSE Supplies.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe JGS2 fused silica is equivalent to Homosil 1, 2 \u0026amp; 3 (Heraeus), Dynasil 1000 \u0026amp; 4000 and 5000 \u0026amp; 6000 (Dynasil)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCustom made JGS fused silica wafers and substrates are available upon request. Please \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/pages\/contact-us-page\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003econtact us\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e for a quote.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000; background-color: #ffffff;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCorning Fused Silica 7980\u003c\/strong\u003e High Purity Fused Silica (HPFS) and \u003cstrong\u003eJGS1 Fused Silica\u003c\/strong\u003e wafers, windows and substrates are also available and can be custom made. Please \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/pages\/contact-us-page\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003econtact us\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e for a quote.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e WA1001\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaterial: \u003c\/strong\u003eSiO2, fused silica (fused quartz)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrade: \u003c\/strong\u003eJGS2 (Optical Grade Fused Silica)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiameter:\u003c\/strong\u003e 100 +\/- 0.1 mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThickness:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5\u003cspan\u003e00 +\/- 25 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Flat:\u003c\/strong\u003e 32.5 \u003cspan\u003e+\/- \u003c\/span\u003e2.0 mm (primary flat only)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSurface Polishing:\u003c\/strong\u003e Double Side Polished (DSP) \u003cspan\u003ewith surface roughness Ra \u0026lt; 1 nm on both the top surface and bottom surface\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSurface Finish\u003c\/strong\u003e: S\/D 40\/20\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTTV:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026lt; 10 um\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEdge:\u003c\/strong\u003e with Bevel, C shape CNC edge grounding\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePhysical Properties of Fused Silica\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDensity: 2.2 g\/cm3\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCoefficient of Thermal Expansion: 5.8*10^-7 \/k (298 ~ 573 deg K)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThermochromism: Under constant temperature of 1140 degrees, keep annealing for 30 minutes without discoloration.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFused silica (SiO2) wafers are made from high purity fused silica, ground and polished to optical grade on both sides. The fused silica wafers are suitable for many optical applications because of their excellent optical transmission characteristics. Fused silica also has excellent chemical resistance against a wide variety of solvents, as well as exceptional heat resistance, with high dimensional stability over a wide temperature range thanks to its ultra low thermal expansion coefficient.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/products\/sio2-silica-quartz-single-crystal\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSingle Crystal Quartz Wafers and Substrates\u003c\/a\u003e are also available.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41420262211642,"sku":"WA1001","price":35.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/696_MSE_PRO_100_mm_JGS2_Fused_Silica_Wafer_500_um_Thick_DSP_w_Bevel_Primary_Flat_Onl_c634d4d27c.jpg?v=1777616574"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-100-mm-schott-borofloat-33-glass-wafer-500-um-thick-dsp-w-bevel-primary-flat-only","title":"MSE PRO 100 mm Schott Borofloat 33 Glass Wafer, 500 um Thick, DSP, w\/ Bevel, Primary Flat Only","description":"\u003cp\u003eHigh quality 4 inch Schott \u003cspan\u003eBorofloat 33 Glass\u003c\/span\u003e wafers are in stock for immediate shipment. Order 100mm \u003cspan\u003eBorofloat 33 Glass\u003c\/span\u003e wafers with best price on the market from a trusted materials science supplier, MSE Supplies.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustom made\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cspan\u003eBorofloat 33 Glass\u003c\/span\u003e wafers and substrates are available upon request. Please contact us for a quote. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOther Schott borosilicate glass wafers are also available upon request. For example, \u003cstrong\u003ecustomized Schott D 263 and N-BK7 \u003c\/strong\u003eglass wafers and slides can be supplied by MSE Supplies. D 263® bio is a colorless borosilicate glass with a homogeneous, low intrinsic auto fluorescence across the spectrum. Tight, controlled refractive index tolerances ensure consistent, high optical transmission properties and diagnostic results. It offers great chemical stability and resistance to reagents as used in microarray and diagnostic protocols.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e WA0901\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaterial: \u003c\/strong\u003eSchott Borofloat 33 borosilicate\u003cspan\u003e glass (composition: 81% SiO2, 13% B2O3, 4% Na2O\/K2O, 2% Al2O3)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrade: \u003c\/strong\u003eSchott Borofloat 33 Glass\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiameter:\u003c\/strong\u003e 100 +\/- 0.1 mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThickness:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5\u003cspan\u003e00 +\/- 25 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Flat:\u003c\/strong\u003e 32.5 \u003cspan\u003e+\/- \u003c\/span\u003e2.0 mm (primary flat only)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSurface Polishing:\u003c\/strong\u003e Double Side Polished (DSP) with surface roughness Ra \u0026lt; 1 nm on both the top surface and bottom surface\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSurface Finish\u003c\/strong\u003e: S\/D 40\/20\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTTV:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026lt; 10 um\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEdge:\u003c\/strong\u003e with Bevel, C shape CNC edge grounding\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/Composition_of_BOROFLOAT33_EN_MSE_Supplies_480x480.png?v=1570901775\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Composition of Schott Borofloat Borosilicate Glass\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe performance requirements for glass wafers used for anodic bonding or as carrier wafers in wafer thinning processes are mainly determined by their ability to perfectly match those of the \u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/collections\/single-crystals-wafers-and-crystal-substrates\/silicon-si\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003esilicon wafer\u003c\/a\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003eto which they shall be permanently or temporarily bonded. Well-adapted thermal expansion behavior is as important as excellent flatness and process robustness. BOROFLOAT glass wafers provide such outstanding material properties along with exceptionally high UV transmission a special requirement for high speed laser de-bonding processes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/collections\/single-crystals-wafers-and-crystal-substrates\/silicon-si\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e100 mm Silicon wafers (P type and N type) \u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eare also available from MSE Supplies.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBOROFLOAT 33 from Germany is the world's first floated borosilicate flat glass. It combines superior quality and excellent flatness with outstanding thermal, optical, chemical and mechanical features. The chemical composition and physical properties of BOROFLOAT 33 are in accordance with DIN ISO 3585 and EN 1748 T1.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/optical_borofloat_transmission_480x480.jpg?v=1570918598\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eOptional Transmission of Schott Borofloat Glass\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Benefits of Borofloat Glass: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOutstanding thermal resistance\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExceptionally high transparency\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh chemical durability\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExcellent mechanical strength\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.us.schott.com\/borofloat\/english\/success-stories\/glass-wafer.html\"\u003eLearn more about Schott Borofloat 33 Glass Wafers\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41420262506554,"sku":"WA0901","price":30.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/698_MSE_PRO_100_mm_Schott_Borofloat_33_Glass_Wafer_500_um_Thick_DSP_w_Bevel_Primary__04f1c4e691.jpg?v=1777616603"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-al2o3-sapphire-wafer-5x5x0-5mm-c-plane-ssp","title":"MSE PRO Al2O3 - Sapphire Wafer, 5x5x0.5mm, C-Plane, SSP","description":"","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":31266891169850,"sku":"SU1201","price":1.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/737_MSE_PRO_Al2O3_-_Sapphire_Wafer_5x5x0_5mm_C-Plane_SSP_fac3e6ec51.jpg?v=1777617108"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-4-inch-semi-insulating-fe-doped-gan-4-um-gallium-nitride-template-on-sapphire-0001","title":"MSE PRO 4 inch Semi-Insulating Fe-doped GaN 4 um Gallium Nitride Template on Sapphire (0001)","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct Description:\u003c\/strong\u003e 4 inch Semi-Insulating Fe-doped GaN 4 um Gallium Nitride Template on Sapphire (0001)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e WA0246\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecifications:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConductivity type: semi-insulating\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDoping type: Fe compensated (iron-doped)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFe-doping concentration: 10\u003csup\u003e19\u003c\/sup\u003e cm\u003csup\u003e−\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 100 mm +\/- 0.1 mm (4 inch diameter)\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGaN Thickness: typical thickness 4 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsable area: \u0026gt;90%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBow: 80~100um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: C plane (0001) +\/- 0.5 deg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Orientation Flat: (1-100) +\/- 0.5 degree, length 30.0 +\/- 1.0 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTotal Substrate Thickness Variation: \u0026lt;25 um\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResistivity (300K): \u0026gt;1x10\u003csup\u003e7 \u003c\/sup\u003eOhm-cm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDislocation Density: \u0026lt; 5x10\u003csup\u003e8\u003c\/sup\u003e cm\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRocking Curve XRD: full width at half maximum (FWHM) XRD (102) \u0026lt; 300 arcsec (typical value less than 200), XRD (002) \u0026lt; 250 arcsec (typical value less than 100)\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSapphire substrate thickness: 650 +\/- 25 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation of sapphire substrate: C plane (0001) off angle toward M-axis 0.2 ± 0.1,  length 30.0 +\/- 1.0 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubstrate Structure: GaN\/Sapphire (0001)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: single side polished (SSP) to Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm with CMP\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePackage: packed in a class 1000 clean room environment in cassettes of single wafer containers.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRelated Reference\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.nrl.navy.mil\/estd\/sites\/www.nrl.navy.mil.estd\/files\/pdfs\/08-1226-1056.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSemi-insulating GaN substrates for high-frequency device fabrication\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAbstract\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThick c-plane unintentional doped and iron-doped GaN substrates were grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxial technique on sapphire substrates. The morphology and crystalline quality of the freestanding samples show no evident degradation due to iron doping. Low-temperature photoluminescence measurements show reduction of the exciton-bound to neutral impurities band intensities with iron doping increase. Near-infrared photoluminescence studies confirm the incorporation and activation of iron impurities. Variable temperature resistivity measurements verified that the iron-doped films are semi-insulating.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41420243763258,"sku":"WA0246","price":1448.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/778_MSE_PRO_4_inch_Semi-Insulating_Fe-doped_GaN_4_um_Gallium_Nitride_Template_on_Sap_97b33f99de.jpg?v=1777648192"},{"product_id":"battery-thermal-box-for-shipping-and-storage-of-batio-sub-3-sub-crystal-substrates","title":"Battery thermal box for shipping and storage of BaTiO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e crystal substrates","description":"\u003cp\u003eProduct: Battery thermal box for shipping and storage of \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/products\/batio3-bto-barium-titanate-crystal-substrates\"\u003eBaTiO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e crystal substrates\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSKU# CA0201\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThis is a battery thermal box to keep BTO substrates \u0026gt; 13\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003eo\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003eC. When BTO substrates are below 13 \u003csup\u003eo\u003c\/sup\u003eC, the phase transformation can lead to shattering of the BTO substrates.  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":31352091607098,"sku":"CA0201","price":166.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/781_Battery_thermal_box_for_shipping_and_storage_of_BaTiO_sub_3_sub_crystal_substrat_b9c32abe17.jpg?v=1777648239"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-magnesium-fluoride-mgf-sub-2-sub-crystal-substrates","title":"MSE PRO Magnesium Fluoride MgF\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e Crystal Substrates","description":"\u003cp\u003eMagnesium Fluoride crystals are optically transparent well into the VUV region to the hydrogen Lyman-alpha line (121nm) and beyond. Magnesium Fluoride is used mostly for UV optics and is excellent for excimer laser applications.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Magnesium_Fluoride_MgF2_Single_Crystal-SDS_17422da7-4fb1-4aff-93ca-85a415dfefac.pdf?v=1602878002\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFor bulk and customized \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eMgF\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e crystals, please \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/pages\/contact-us\"\u003econtact us\u003c\/a\u003e for a quote. \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMagnesium Fluoride Crystal Substrates Properties\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"ctools-collapsible-content\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"view view-data-tables view-id-data_tables view-display-id-block_2 product-data-table view-dom-id-f5836a46cf618dc170fb4189ccf54b04\"\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 480px;\" class=\"views-table cols-15\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 25.5px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 25.5px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChemical Formula\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 25.5px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMgF\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 25.5px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 25.5px;\" class=\"\"\u003eCAS Number\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 25.5px;\" class=\"\"\u003e7783-40-6\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 22px;\" class=\"\"\u003eCrystal Structure\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 22px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eTetragonal, Rutile structure, P42\/mnm\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLattice Constant\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea=b=4.6213Å, c=3.0519Å\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003eCrystal Orientation\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e(100), (001), (110), (111)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003eSizes\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10x10x0.5mm, 10x10x1.0mm,\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1 inch diameter, 2 inch diameter, other sizes are available upon request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003eSurface Polish\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSingle side polished (SSP) or Double side polished (DSP)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nowrap\"\u003e62.30\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAppearance\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ecolorless solid\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMelting Point\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1255 °C\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDensity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e3.18 g\/cm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 57px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 57px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSolubility in H2O\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 57px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.0002g \/100g water at 20 \u003csup\u003eo\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003eC\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePoisson's Ratio\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.276\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpecific Heat\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1003 J Kg m\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-1\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e K\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-1\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e21 (parallel to C axis) W m\u003csup\u003e-1\u003c\/sup\u003e K\u003csup\u003e-1\u003c\/sup\u003e at 300K\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e33.6 (perpendicular to C axis) W m\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-1\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e K\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-1\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e at 300K\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 38px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e13.7x10\u003csup\u003e-6 \u003c\/sup\u003e\/ \u003csup\u003eo\u003c\/sup\u003eC, parallel to C axis\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e8.9x10\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\/ \u003csup\u003eo\u003c\/sup\u003eC, perpendicular to C axis\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYoung's Modulus\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e138 GPa\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRefractive Index\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e h\u003csub\u003eo \u003c\/sub\u003e1.37740\u003cbr\u003e  h\u003csub\u003ee \u003c\/sub\u003e1.38945\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left; width: 206px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003eTransmission Range\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left; width: 268px; height: 36px;\" class=\"\"\u003e0.12 to 7 μm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"(100) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single side polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204148703290,"sku":"SU0621","price":71.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double side polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204148736058,"sku":"SU0622","price":82.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 1 inch diameter x 1.0 mm \/ Double side polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204148768826,"sku":"SU0620","price":362.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 2 inch diameter x 1.0 mm \/ Double side polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204148801594,"sku":"SU0625","price":710.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single side polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204148834362,"sku":"SU0629","price":71.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double side polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204148867130,"sku":"SU0641","price":82.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single side polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204148899898,"sku":"SU0623","price":82.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double side polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204148932666,"sku":"SU0624","price":93.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(001) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single side polished (SSP)","offer_id":40919931813946,"sku":"SU0642","price":109.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(001) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double side polished (DSP)","offer_id":40919931945018,"sku":"SU0643","price":119.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/837_MSE_PRO_Magnesium_Fluoride_MgF_sub_2_sub_Crystal_Substrates_7adb1e1789.jpg?v=1777649079"},{"product_id":"customized-sic-epitaxial-wafers-on-sic-substrates","title":"Customized SiC Epitaxial Wafers on SiC Substrates","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCustomized silicon carbide SiC epitaxial wafers can be provided by MSE Supplies to meet your specific project requirements. Both semi-insulating and N-type SiC substrates are available. The epitaxial SiC layer can also be grown with the CVD process to be either N-type or P-type with controlled doping concentration and layer thickness.Wafer characterization reports based on advanced analytical methods, such as SIMS and XRD, are available to guarantee the quality of our SiC epi wafers\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSiC epitaxial wafers have the advantages of operating under high-voltage, high electric current, and at high temperatures compared to semiconductor devices based on silicon. These unique features of SiC epitaxial wafers lead to the miniaturization of devices, enabling smaller and lighter power control modules to be made.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustomer Success Story: \u003c\/strong\u003eNASA uses custom-made SiC epitaxial wafers and SiC substrates supplied by MSE Supplies to develop high temperature and smart silicon carbide electronics and sensors.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www1.grc.nasa.gov\/research-and-engineering\/silicon-carbide-electronics-and-sensors\/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eLear more about NASA's SiC devices built on the custom made SiC epitaxial wafers supplied by MSE Supplies. Click here.\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePROPERTIES OF 4H SILICON CARBIDE SUBSTRATES\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 509px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProperty\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 323px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4H-SiC Single Crystal\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 71px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 71px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLattice Parameters (A)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 71px; width: 323px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea=3.076\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec=10.053\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStacking Sequence\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 323px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eABCB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDensity (g\/cm3)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 323px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.21\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMohs Hardness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 323px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e~9.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 56px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 56px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient (CTE) (\/K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 56px; width: 323px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4-5 \u003cspan deg=\"\"\u003e\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 71px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 71px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRefraction Index @750nm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 71px; width: 323px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eno = 2.61\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ene = 2.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDielectric Constant\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 323px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec ~ 9.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDoping Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 323px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eN-type or Semi-insulating\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 92px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 92px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity (W\/cm K @298K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(N-type, 0.02 Ohm\u003cspan\u003e-\u003c\/span\u003ecm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 92px; width: 323px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.7\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 107px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 107px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity (W\/cm K @298K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Semi-insulating type)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 107px; width: 323px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBand-gap (eV)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 35px; width: 323px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.23\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 56px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 56px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreak-Down Electrical Field (V\/cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 56px; width: 323px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3 x 10\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 56px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 56px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSaturation Drift Velocity (m\/s)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 56px; width: 323px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.0 x 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 77px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 77px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWafer and Substrate Sizes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 77px; width: 323px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWafers: 6 inch, other sizes may be available and can be custom-made upon request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 86px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 86px; width: 174px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct Grades - SiC substrates\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 86px; width: 323px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA Grade Zero\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003emicropipe density\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e(MPD 1\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eB Grade Production grade\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(MPD\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e5 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrice\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMSE Supplies offers the best price on the market for high quality SiC epitaxial wafers up to six (6) inch diameter. Our price matching policy guarantees you the best price for the SiC epi wafers with comparable specifications. \u003ca href=\"mailto:%20sales@msesupplies.com\" title=\"contact MSE Supplies for quote for SiC wafers and crystal substrates\"\u003eCONTACT US\u003c\/a\u003e today to get your quote.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustomization\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCustomized SiC epi-wafer products can be made to meet customer's requirements and specifications.\u003cspan\u003eBoth semi-insulating and N-type SiC substrates are available. The epitaxial SiC layer can also be grown with the CVD process to be either N-type or P-type with controlled doping concentration and layer thickness.Contact us today to discuss your requirements with our scientists and engineers.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e","brand":"SICOSEMI","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":31705779568698,"sku":"CS0081","price":0.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/853_Customized_SiC_Epitaxial_Wafers_on_SiC_Substrates_60b8637584.jpg?v=1777649308"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-csi-cesium-iodide-scintillation-crystal-tl-na-doped-non-doped","title":"MSE PRO CsI Cesium Iodide Scintillation Crystal Tl Na Doped\/Non-Doped","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCesium iodide crystals include three different types: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCsI(Tl), CsI(Na) and pure CsI. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCsI(Tl) is the most popular alkali halide scintillation crystal apart from NaI(Tl). \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eLight output: 45% in NaI(Tl). \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eIts emission spectrum has a broad band at 350-700nm and a peak at 550nm. Its emission spectrum can match well with SPD so that the read out system can be simplified. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eIts decay time is dependent on the ionization capacity of a particle, it is suitable to detect heavy charged particles under strong X-ray background. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCsI(Na) is similar to that of NaI(Tl) crystals, its emission spectrum peaked at 420nm which matches with PMT. It is less sensitive to temperature, therefore can be applied in high temperature and outer space environment. Its drawback is it fast luminescence decrease in the low energy (less than 20 KeV) range, and it is more hygroscopicity compared to CsI(Tl).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePure CsI crystal is the least hygroscopic. Its emission consists of the fast intrinsic luminescence (10 ns) peaked around 305 nm and a slow component (100-4000ns) around 350-600nm. The fast\/slow ratio can reach four when controlled carefully. The total light output is as large as 4-5% of NaI:Tl. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWe can customize CsI(Tl) at both linear and 2D arrays with pixel sizes as small as 0.3x0.3x0.3mm.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePhysical Properties\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" border=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"252\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003eProperties\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCsI(Tl)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCsI:Na\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCsI\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"252\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eDensity (\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eg.cm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e-3\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4.53\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4.51\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4.51\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"252\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003eRadiation length(cm)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1.86\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1.86\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e2.43\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"252\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDecay constant(us)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1.0\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e0.63\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e16\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"252\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003eEmission peak(nm)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e550\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e420\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e315\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"252\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003eLight yield(%NaI:Tl)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e47\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e85\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4-6\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"252\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMelting point(°C)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e621\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e621\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e621\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"252\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHardness(Mho)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e2\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e2\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e2\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"252\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003erefractive Index\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1.78\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1.84\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1.95\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"252\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHygroscopicity\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003eslightly\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003eYes\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSlightly\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"252\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCleavage\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003enone\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003enone\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"84\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003enone\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":31705847431226,"sku":"CS0079","price":0.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/856_MSE_PRO_CsI_Cesium_Iodide_Scintillation_Crystal_Tl_Na_Doped_Non-Doped_aaae9e246d.jpg?v=1777649352"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-piezoelectric-langatate-la3ga5-5ta0-5o14-lgt-crystal-wafer","title":"MSE PRO Piezoelectric Langatate La3Ga5.5Ta0.5O14 (LGT) Crystal Wafer","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct Information: Crystal can be customized\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFormulation:\u003c\/strong\u003e La\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003eGa\u003csub\u003e5.5\u003c\/sub\u003eTa\u003csub\u003e0.5\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e14 \u003c\/sub\u003e(LGT)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOuter Diameter:\u003c\/strong\u003e10-60 mm, or can be customized\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThickness:\u003c\/strong\u003e 0.3 -1.0 mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSurface Finish: \u003c\/strong\u003eSSP or DSP\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSurface Roughness (Polished):\u003c\/strong\u003e Ra ≤ 1 nm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOrientations: \u003c\/strong\u003eX-cut or Y-cut or following customer specifications\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":31706010550330,"sku":"CS0076","price":0.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/879_MSE_PRO_Piezoelectric_Langatate_La3Ga5_5Ta0_5O14_LGT_Crystal_Wafer_d6c45835f4.jpg?v=1777649701"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-sio-sub-2-sub-fused-silica-substrates-quartz-windows-and-customized-parts-1","title":"MSE PRO SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e Fused Silica Substrates, Quartz Windows and Customized Parts","description":"\u003cp\u003eFused silica substrates and quartz windows are made from high purity fused quartz, ground and polished to optical grade on both sides. The fused silica substrates and quartz windows are ideal for use as substrates for thin film deposition and are also suitable for many optical applications because of its excellent optical transmission characteristics. Fused silica windows have excellent chemical resistance against a wide variety of solvents, as well as exceptional heat resistance, with high dimensional stability over a wide temperature range thanks to its ultra-low thermal expansion coefficient.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMSE Supplies offers both standard and custom-made fused silica substrates and quartz windows. Please contact us to discuss your detailed requirements.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFused silica product forms available: Wafers, Discs, Windows, Tubes, Rods, Sputtering Targets, etc.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/products\/sio2-silica-quartz-single-crystal\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSingle Crystal Quartz Wafers and Substrates\u003c\/a\u003e are also available.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTypical surface finish\u003c\/strong\u003e: 60\/40 S\/D for fused silica optical windows, or epi-ready surface finish for substrates.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur fused silica products have high purity with the following \u003cstrong\u003emaximum impurity content specifications\u003c\/strong\u003e:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"278\" height=\"75\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 51.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrade\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNa\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLi\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFe\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCu\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eB\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTi\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 51.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHPFS\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.0\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.5\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.5\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.3\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.0\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"278\" height=\"75\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 51.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrade\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 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28.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eK\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 51.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHPFS\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 26.4px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e20\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.5\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.4px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.5\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.4px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 27.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e-\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.0\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePhysical Properties\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDensity: 2.2 g\/cm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCoefficient of Thermal Expansion: 5.8*10^-7 cm\/cm\/k (298 K~573 K)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSoftening Point: 1943 K\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnnealing Point:1160 K\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYoungs Modulus(Pa):7.1*103\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThermochromism: Under constant temperature of 1140 degrees, keep annealing for 30 minutes without discoloration.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTransmittance of standard fused silica plate of 9mm thickness. \u0026gt;90% at 275 nm wavelength.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/transmittance_of_fused_silica_large.PNG?v=1555822170\" alt=\"transmittance of fused silica\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":31706011598906,"sku":"CS0075","price":0.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/products\/fused_silica_windows_customized.jpg?v=1752253165"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-piezoelectric-langatate-la-sub-3-sub-ga-sub-5-5-sub-ta-sub-0-5-sub-o-sub-14-sub-lgt-crystal-ring","title":"MSE PRO Piezoelectric Langatate La\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003eGa\u003csub\u003e5.5\u003c\/sub\u003eTa\u003csub\u003e0.5\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e14\u003c\/sub\u003e (LGT) Crystal Ring","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct Information: can be 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