{"title":"MSE PRO Single Crystals, Wafers and Substrates","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePlease note consumable products are nonrefundable or eligible for return. Quality issues or concerns must be reported within 1 week of delivery.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"mse-pro-10-mm-x-10-5-mm-undoped-n-type-gallium-nitride-single-crystal-substrate-c-plane-0001","title":"MSE PRO 10 mm x 10.5 mm, Undoped, N-type, Gallium Nitride Single Crystal Substrate C plane (0001)","description":"\u003cstrong\u003eUndoped, N-type free-standing GaN substrate, size 10 mm x 10.5 mm, Single side polish or double side polish\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMSE Supplies offers premium quality GaN crystal substrates with low dislocation density (on the order of 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e \/cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e) and uniform surface with no periodic defects. These high quality GaN crystals have an usable area of more than 90%.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe offer the best price on the market for high quality GaN crystal substrates. Customers from all over the world have trusted MSE Supplies as their preferred supplier of GaN crystal substrates.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct #: \u003c\/strong\u003eWA0218 \u003cspan\u003e(Single Side Polished) \u003c\/span\u003e\/ \u003cspan\u003eWA0214 (Double Side Polished)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cmain role=\"main\" class=\"wrapper main-content\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"grid\" itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/Product\" itemscope=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"grid-item large--three-fifths\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eConductivity type\u003c\/strong\u003e: N-Type\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDimension:\u003c\/strong\u003e 10.0 mm x 10.5 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eThickness:\u003c\/strong\u003e 350 +\/- 25 u\u003cspan\u003em \u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eUseable area:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt;90%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOrientation:\u003c\/strong\u003e C-plane (0001) off angle toward M-axis \u0026lt;1-100\u0026gt; 0.35 deg +\/- 0.15 deg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTotal Thickness Variation: \u0026lt;\u003c\/strong\u003e15 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBow: \u0026lt;\u003c\/strong\u003e20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResistivity (300K)\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u0026lt; 0.5  Ohm-\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCarrier Concentration: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e1e17cm\u003csup\u003e-3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMobility:\u003c\/strong\u003e 500 cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\/(V.s)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDislocation Density:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5x10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e cm\u003csup\u003e-2 \u003c\/sup\u003e~ 3x10\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e cm\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePolishing: \u003c\/strong\u003ePolished\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003esurface: Ra \u0026lt;0.5 nm, Epi Ready. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePackage: \u003c\/strong\u003epackaged in a class 100 clean room environment, in single wafer container, under nitrogen atmosphere.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c!--0.2--\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/main\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRelated References: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCharacterization of GaN single crystals by defect selective etching\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pssc.200306248\" class=\"epub-doi\"\u003ehttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pssc.200306248\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCarrier transport in GaN single crystals and radiation detectors investigated by thermally stimulated spectroscopy\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.wat.edu.pl\/review\/optor\/12(4)399.PDF\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp:\/\/www.wat.edu.pl\/review\/optor\/12(4)399.PDF\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cstyle type=\"text\/css\"\u003e\u003c!--\nhtml {  margin-top:40px; } body { position:relative;}\n--\u003e\u003c\/style\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Single Side Polishing (SSP)","offer_id":22039017476,"sku":"WA0218","price":359.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"Double Side Polishing (DSP)","offer_id":23185359306810,"sku":"WA0214","price":395.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/001_MSE_PRO_10_mm_x_10_5_mm_Undoped_N-type_Gallium_Nitride_Single_Crystal_Substrate__049e62c487.jpg?v=1777490038"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-10-mm-x-10-5-mm-fe-doped-semi-insulating-gallium-nitride-single-crystal-c-plane-0001","title":"MSE PRO 10 mm x 10.5 mm Fe-Doped Semi-Insulating Gallium Nitride Single Crystal C Plane (0001)","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDescription for 10 mm x 10.5 mm Fe-Doped Gallium Nitride Single Crystal C Plane (0001)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMSE Supplies offers premium quality GaN crystal substrates with low dislocation density (on the order of 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e \/cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e) and uniform surface with no periodic defects. These high quality GaN crystals have an usable area of more than 90%.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe offer the best price on the market for high quality GaN crystal substrates. Customers from all over the world have trusted MSE Supplies as their preferred supplier of GaN crystal substrates.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\u003cstrong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003eFree-standing GaN substrate, C plane (0001), semi-insulating, size 10 mm x 10.5 mm \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003eConductivity type\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003e: semi-insulating\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003eSingle side polished (SSP)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003eProduct #: WA0220\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 10.0 mm x 10.5 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 350 +\/- 25 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsable area: \u0026gt;90%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: C-plane (0001) off angle toward M-axis \u0026lt;1-100\u0026gt; 0.35 deg +\/- 0.15 deg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTotal Thickness Variation: \u0026lt; 15 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBow: \u0026lt; 20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResistivity (300K): \u0026gt; 10\u003csup\u003e6 \u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003eOhm-\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFe-doping concentration: ~ 3\u003cspan\u003e × 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e18\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e cm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e−\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDislocation Density: 5x10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e cm\u003csup\u003e-2 \u003c\/sup\u003e~ 3x10\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e cm\u003csup\u003e-2 \u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: Ga face polish. Front surface: Ra \u0026lt;0.2 nm, epi-ready, double side polished available upon request\u003c!--0.2--\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePackage: packaged in a class 100 clean room environment, in single wafer container, under nitrogen atmosphere.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRelated References\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n1. Semi-insulating GaN and its evaluation for alpha particle detection\u003cbr\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/S0168-9002(03)01550-X\"\u003ehttp:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/S0168-9002(03)01550-X\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e2. High power microwave GaN-based devices\u003cbr\u003ehttp:\/\/ecst.ecsdl.org\/content\/75\/12\/77.full.pdf\u003cbr\u003edoi: \u003cspan class=\"slug-doi\" title=\"10.1149\/07512.0077ecst\"\u003e10.1149\/07512.0077ecst \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ccite\u003e\u003cabbr class=\"slug-jnl-abbrev\" title=\"ECS Transactions\"\u003eECS Trans.\u003c\/abbr\u003e\u003cspan class=\"slug-pub-date\"\u003e 2016 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"slug-vol\"\u003evolume 75,\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"slug-issue\"\u003eissue 12, \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"slug-pages\"\u003e77-84\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/cite\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003ccite\u003e\u003cspan class=\"slug-pages\"\u003e3. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/cite\u003e\u003ccite\u003e\u003cspan class=\"slug-pages\"\u003eCharge Transfer in Fe-doped GaN: the Role of the Donor\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/cite\u003e\u003cbr\u003eUstun Sunay, J. Dashdorj, M.E. Zvanut, J.G. Harrison, J. H. Leach, and K. Udwary, Charge Transfer in Fe-doped GaN: the Role of the Donor. \"Charge Transfer in Fe-doped GaN: the Role of the Donor,\" \u003ci\u003eAIP Conference Proceedings\u003c\/i\u003e, v.1583, 2014, p. 297.\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":23760388358202,"sku":"WA0220","price":485.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/002_MSE_PRO_10_mm_x_10_5_mm_Fe-Doped_Semi-Insulating_Gallium_Nitride_Single_Crystal__93c59aa551.jpg?v=1777492141"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-2-inch-si-doped-n-type-gan-4-5-um-gallium-nitride-template-on-sapphire-0001","title":"MSE PRO 2 inch Si-doped N-type GaN 4.5 um Gallium Nitride Template on Sapphire (0001)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eFeatures for 2 in Si-doped N-type 4.5 um Gallium Nitride Template on Sapphire, SSP or DSP\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePart No: WA0204 for SSP sapphire substrate, WA0223 for DSP sapphire substrate\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConductivity type: N-Type (Si-doped)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSapphire Substrate Polish: Single side polish (SSP) or double side polish (DSP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 50.8 mm +\/- 0.2 mm (2 inch diameter)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness\/Thickness STD:4.5 ±1 μm \/ \u0026lt; 3%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsable area: \u0026gt; 90% (edge and macro defects exclusion)\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation of GaN: C plane (0001) off angle toward A-axis 0.2 ± 0.1 deg\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResistivity (300K): \u0026lt; 0.05 Ohm-cm \u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation of sapphire substrate: C plane (0001) off angle toward M-axis 0.2 ± 0.1 deg\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePackage: packaged in a clean room environment, in cassettes or single wafer containers.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRelated References:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Si- and Ge-Doped GaN Films Grown with GaN Buffer Layers\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display: inline !important;\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1143\/JJAP.31.2883\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1143\/JJAP.31.2883\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Band-gap re-normalization and band filling in Si-doped GaN films studied by photoluminescence spectroscopy\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.371377\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.371377\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. The role of dislocation scattering in \u003ci\u003en\u003c\/i\u003e-type GaN films\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.122012\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.122012\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Activation energies of Si donors in GaN\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.115805\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.115805\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sectionInfo abstractSectionHeading\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"sectionHeading\" id=\"fragmentNav_0\"\u003eABSTRACT\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003eThe electronic properties of Si donors in\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eheteroepitaxial\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003elayers of\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eGaN\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ewere investigated. The\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ci\u003en-\u003c\/i\u003etype\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eGaN\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003elayers were grown by\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003emetal organic chemical vapor deposition\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eand either intentionally\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003edoped\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ewith Si or unintentionally\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003edoped.\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eThe samples were evaluated by variable\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003etemperature\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eHall effect\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003emeasurements\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eand\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ephotoluminescence\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e(PL)\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003espectroscopy.\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eFor both types of samples the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ci\u003en\u003c\/i\u003e¨«type conductivity was found to be dominated by a donor with an\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eactivation energy between 12 and 17 meV. This donor is attributed to Si atoms substituting for Ga in the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eGaN\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003elattice (Si\u003csub\u003eGa\u003c\/sub\u003e). The range of\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eactivation energies\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eis due to different levels of donor concentrations and acceptor compensation in our samples. The assignment of a PL signature to a donor acceptor pair recombination involving the Si donor level as the initial state of the radiative transition yields the position of the optical Si donor level in the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eGaN\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eband gap\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eat u\u003ci\u003eE\u003c\/i\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003ci\u003ec\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/sub\u003e(22+\/-4) meV. A deeper donor level is also present in our\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eGaN\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ematerial with an\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eactivation energy\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eof 34 meV which is tentatively assigned to oxygen donors substituting for nitrogen (O\u003csub\u003eN\u003c\/sub\u003e).\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cmain class=\"wrapper main-content\" role=\"main\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"grid\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"grid-item large--three-fifths\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/main\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies LLC","offers":[{"title":"Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":22126784964,"sku":"WA0204","price":845.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":23111103021114,"sku":"WA0223","price":854.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/003_MSE_PRO_2_inch_Si-doped_N-type_GaN_4_5_um_Gallium_Nitride_Template_on_Sapphire_0_75b82b774e.jpg?v=1777492609"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-5-x-10-mm-non-polar-undoped-n-type-gallium-nitride-gan-single-crystal","title":"MSE PRO 5 x 10 mm Non-Polar Undoped N-Type Gallium Nitride GaN Single Crystal","description":"\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cspan\u003eProduct #: WA0235\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eConductivity type\u003c\/strong\u003e: N-Type (undoped)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDimension:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5.0 mm x 10 mm +\/- 0.2 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eThickness:\u003c\/strong\u003e 350 +\/- 25 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eUsable area:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt; 90%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOrientation:\u003c\/strong\u003e Other Non-polar planes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/Off-cut_specs_of_non-polar_GaN_large.JPG?v=1476911191\" width=\"386\" height=\"225\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTotal Thickness Variation: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u0026lt;15 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBow: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u0026lt;20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResistivity (300K)\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u0026lt; 0.5 Ohm-cm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCarrier Concentration: \u003c\/strong\u003e1e17cm\u003csup\u003e-3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMobility:\u003c\/strong\u003e 500 cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\/(V*s)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDislocation Density:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026lt; 5x10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e cm\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePolishing: \u003c\/strong\u003efront surface Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm. Epi-ready polished. back surface fine ground.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePackage: \u003c\/strong\u003epackaged in a class 100 clean room environment, in single wafer containers, under nitrogen atmosphere.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReference:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Nonpolar GaN substrates grown by ammonothermal method\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.3227893\"\u003ehttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.3227893\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sectionInfo abstractSectionHeading\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sectionHeading\" id=\"fragmentNav_0\"\u003eABSTRACT\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003eIn this letter, the authors demonstrate large size\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"equationTd inline-formula\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"MathJax\" id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" data-mathml='\u0026lt;math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\" altimg=\"eq-00001.gif\"\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mi\u0026gt;m\u0026lt;\/mi\u0026gt;\u0026lt;\/math\u0026gt;' role=\"presentation\" style=\"display: inline; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: 20px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px 2px 0px 0px; margin: 0px; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"\u003e\u003cnobr aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"math\" id=\"MathJax-Span-1\" overflow=\"scroll\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mrow\" id=\"MathJax-Span-2\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mi\" id=\"MathJax-Span-3\"\u003em\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/nobr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e-plane\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cnamed-content xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:ali=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/schemas\/ali\/1.0\/\" xmlns:xsi=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:oasis=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/standards\/z39-96\/ns\/oasis-exchange\/table\" content-type=\"sem:AIPTh1.2\" rid=\"kwd1.1\"\u003eGaN\u003c\/named-content\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003esubstrates\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cnamed-content xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:ali=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/schemas\/ali\/1.0\/\" xmlns:xsi=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:oasis=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/standards\/z39-96\/ns\/oasis-exchange\/table\" content-type=\"sem:AIPTh1.2\" rid=\"kwd1.5 kwd1.7\"\u003egrown\u003c\/named-content\u003eby ammonothermal method. These substrates have excellent structural quality. The concentration of threading\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cnamed-content xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:ali=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/schemas\/ali\/1.0\/\" xmlns:xsi=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:oasis=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/standards\/z39-96\/ns\/oasis-exchange\/table\" content-type=\"sem:AIPTh1.2\" rid=\"kwd1.6\"\u003edislocation\u003c\/named-content\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003edensity is below\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"equationTd inline-formula\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"MathJax\" id=\"MathJax-Element-2-Frame\" data-mathml='\u0026lt;math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\" altimg=\"eq-00002.gif\"\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mrow\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mn\u0026gt;5\u0026lt;\/mn\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mo\u0026gt;\u0026amp;#xD7;\u0026lt;\/mo\u0026gt;\u0026lt;msup\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mrow\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mn\u0026gt;10\u0026lt;\/mn\u0026gt;\u0026lt;\/mrow\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mn\u0026gt;4\u0026lt;\/mn\u0026gt;\u0026lt;\/msup\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mtext\u0026gt;\u0026amp;#x2002;\u0026lt;\/mtext\u0026gt;\u0026lt;msup\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mrow\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mtext\u0026gt;cm\u0026lt;\/mtext\u0026gt;\u0026lt;\/mrow\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mrow\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mo\u0026gt;\u0026amp;#x2212;\u0026lt;\/mo\u0026gt;\u0026lt;mn\u0026gt;2\u0026lt;\/mn\u0026gt;\u0026lt;\/mrow\u0026gt;\u0026lt;\/msup\u0026gt;\u0026lt;\/mrow\u0026gt;\u0026lt;\/math\u0026gt;' role=\"presentation\" style=\"display: inline; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: 20px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px 2px 0px 0px; margin: 0px; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"\u003e\u003cnobr aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"math\" id=\"MathJax-Span-4\" overflow=\"scroll\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mrow\" id=\"MathJax-Span-5\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mrow\" id=\"MathJax-Span-6\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"msup\" id=\"MathJax-Span-14\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mrow\" id=\"MathJax-Span-17\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mn\" id=\"MathJax-Span-19\"\u003e2\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/nobr\u003e\u003cspan class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\" role=\"presentation\"\u003e\u003cmath xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\" altimg=\"eq-00002.gif\"\u003e\u003cmrow\u003e\u003cmn\u003e5\u003c\/mn\u003e\u003cmo\u003ex\u003c\/mo\u003e\u003cmsup\u003e\u003cmrow\u003e\u003cmn\u003e10^\u003c\/mn\u003e\u003c\/mrow\u003e\u003cmn\u003e4\u003c\/mn\u003e\u003c\/msup\u003e\u003cmtext\u003e\/\u003c\/mtext\u003e\u003cmsup\u003e\u003cmrow\u003e\u003cmtext\u003ecm\u003c\/mtext\u003e\u003c\/mrow\u003e\u003cmrow\u003e\u003cmn\u003e2\u003c\/mn\u003e\u003c\/mrow\u003e\u003c\/msup\u003e\u003c\/mrow\u003e\u003c\/math\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"formulaLabel\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eand the full width at half maximum for the symmetrical and asymmetrical peaks equals 16 and 19 arcsec, respectively. Also good optical quality, the energy gap-related transition is clearly observed at room temperature in\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cnamed-content xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:ali=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/schemas\/ali\/1.0\/\" xmlns:xsi=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:oasis=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/standards\/z39-96\/ns\/oasis-exchange\/table\" content-type=\"sem:AIPTh1.2\" rid=\"kwd1.3\"\u003ephotoluminescence\u003c\/named-content\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eand contactless electroreflectance\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cnamed-content xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:ali=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/schemas\/ali\/1.0\/\" xmlns:xsi=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:oasis=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/standards\/z39-96\/ns\/oasis-exchange\/table\" content-type=\"sem:AIPTh1.2\" rid=\"kwd1.10\"\u003espectra.\u003c\/named-content\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cnamed-content xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:ali=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/schemas\/ali\/1.0\/\" xmlns:xsi=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:oasis=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/standards\/z39-96\/ns\/oasis-exchange\/table\" content-type=\"sem:AIPTh1.2\" rid=\"kwd1.1\"\u003eGaN\u003c\/named-content\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eepilayers deposited on these substrates exhibit intrinsic narrow\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cnamed-content xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:ali=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/schemas\/ali\/1.0\/\" xmlns:xsi=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:oasis=\"http:\/\/www.niso.org\/standards\/z39-96\/ns\/oasis-exchange\/table\" content-type=\"sem:AIPTh1.2\" rid=\"kwd1.4\"\u003eexciton\u003c\/named-content\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003elines which are very sensitive to the optical selection rules typical for hexagonal symmetry, proving truly nonpolar character of the material.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003e2. Thesis: Growth and characterization of non-polar GaN materials and investigation of efficiency droop in InGaN light emitting diodes\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003ehttps:\/\/scholarscompass.vcu.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=3234\u0026amp;context=etd\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41420242255930,"sku":"WA0235","price":757.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/004_MSE_PRO_5_x_10_mm_Non-Polar_Undoped_N-Type_Gallium_Nitride_GaN_Single_Crystal_2e1ddfc3dd.jpg?v=1778622842"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-two-tier-8-jar-lab-roller-mill","title":"MSE PRO Two Tier 8-Jar Lab Roller Mill","description":"\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBrand: \u003cstrong\u003eMSE PRO\u003csup\u003eTM\u003c\/sup\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManufacturer: MSE Supplies LLC\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSKU #: MA0114\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eModel: JM-8-2\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrinding Tools: Horizontal Grinding Jar\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNumber of Grinding Jar: 8 (jars sold separately)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrinding Jar Volumes: 0.5L to 5L each\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMax. Loading Capacity: 280 kg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRotational Speed of roller: recommend 164-410 RPM\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eControl: Programmable frequency controller, control of speed, time and time interval control.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSuggested Max. Running Time between Intervals:\u0026lt; 1000mins.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInterval time :2 hours\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNo. of Rollers: 6\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpace Between Rollers: adjustable, max. 230 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRoller with PU liner diameter:60mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRoller Length: 609 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePower Supply: single phase 110 V or 220 V AC, 1.5 KW, 50\/60 Hz\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOverall Dimension:  950*660*960mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNet Weight: 106KG\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShipping weight: 135 Kg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWarranty: 1 year warranty after delivery\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":1065116424,"sku":"MA0114","price":6155.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/009_MSE_PRO_Two_Tier_8-Jar_Lab_Roller_Mill_212caf26c1.jpg?v=1777583870"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-ito-coated-pet-film","title":"MSE PRO ITO Coated PET Film","description":"\u003ch2\u003eTransparent Conductive PET Film Coated with Indium Doped Tin Oxide (In-SnO2 or ITO) in rolls or one square meter PET film sheets (ITO\/PET)\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApplications of ITO Coated PET Film\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh quality sputtered ITO films can be used as electrodes for photovoltaic\/solar cell, LCD display, flexible display, electro-chemical deposition, biosensors, capacitors, infrared detection applications. Our ITO-coated PET films have also been used as ITO coated EMI shielded plastic windows.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLearn more about our indium tin oxide coated PET films below.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubstrate: optically clear PET film\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePET substrate thickness: \u003cspan style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 21px;\"\u003e0.175 mm (175 microns) or 0.125 mm (125 microns) \u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGlass Transition Temperature (Tg) of PET is 67-81°C\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimensions: Roll width = 800 mm, length can be customized. One square meter (1 m^2) sheet dimensions: 1250 mm x 800 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eITO Coating Sheet Resistance Options: 6~10 ohm\/sq, 20~30 ohm\/sq, 30~40 ohm\/sq, 5\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e0~80 ohm\/sq, \u003c\/span\u003e100~140 ohm\/sq, other sheet resistance ITO\/PET films are available upon request.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eITO Coating Thickness: 200 - 350 nm (6\u003cspan style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 21px;\"\u003e~10 ohm\/sq), 65 - 95 nm (20~30 ohm\/sq), 15 - 25 nm (100~140\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px;\"\u003e ohm\/sq)\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px;\"\u003eSurface Roughness RMS (\u003cspan\u003e5um x 5um area)\u003c\/span\u003e:~ A few nanometers based on AFM\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVisible Light Transmittance: \u0026gt;85% (100\u003cspan style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 21px;\"\u003e~140 ohm\/sq\u003c\/span\u003e), \u003cspan style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 21px;\"\u003e\u0026gt;83% (20\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 21px;\"\u003e~30 ohm\/sq\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 21px;\"\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e, \u003cspan style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 21px;\"\u003e\u0026gt;75% (5\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 21px;\"\u003e~8 ohm\/sq\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 21px;\"\u003e) \u003c\/span\u003eUV absorption \u0026gt;85%, IR reflection \u0026gt;85%, microwave degradation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCustomized sizes and sheet resistance options are available upon request.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"410\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"410\" colspan=\"3\"\u003eITO Layer thickness information\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"119\"\u003eSpecification (Ohm\/sq)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"111\"\u003eSheet Resistance  (Ohm\/sq)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"180\"\u003eThickness  of  ITO Film\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e500\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"111\"\u003e≤500\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"180\"\u003e120ű 30Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e150\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"111\"\u003e≤150\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"180\"\u003e150ű 30Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e125\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"111\"\u003e≤125\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"180\"\u003e200ű30Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e100\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"111\"\u003e≤100\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"180\"\u003e230ű 50Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e80\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"111\"\u003e≤80\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"180\"\u003e300ű5oÅ\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e60\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"111\"\u003e≤60\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"180\"\u003e350ű 50Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e50\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"111\"\u003e≤50\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"180\"\u003e400ű 50Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e40\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"111\"\u003e≤40\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"180\"\u003e500ű 100Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e30\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"111\"\u003e≤30\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"180\"\u003e650ű 100Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e20\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"111\"\u003e≤20\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"180\"\u003e950ű 100Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e15\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"111\"\u003e≤15\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"180\"\u003e1350ű 150Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e10\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"111\"\u003e≤10\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"180\"\u003e1850ű 200Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e6\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"111\"\u003e≤7\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"180\"\u003e2200ű 300Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e5\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"111\"\u003e≤5\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"180\"\u003e3500ű 300Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"1 square meter, 1.25m x 0.8m x 0.175mm (100~140 Ohm\/sq)","offer_id":14706032017466,"sku":"GL0403","price":296.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 square meter, 1.4m x 0.7m x 0.175mm (20~30 Ohm\/sq)","offer_id":14706031984698,"sku":"GL0401","price":327.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 square meter, 1.25m x 0.8m x 0.175mm (6~10 Ohm\/sq)","offer_id":3436447044,"sku":"GL0402","price":437.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 square meter, 1.25m x 0.8m x 0.175mm (30~40 Ohm\/sq)","offer_id":31725762183226,"sku":"GL0408","price":318.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 square meter, 1.25m x 0.8m x 0.125mm (20~35 Ohm\/sq)","offer_id":31725762740282,"sku":"GL0409","price":327.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 square meter, 1.25m x 0.8m x 0.175mm (50~80 Ohm\/sq)","offer_id":31955025690682,"sku":"GL0410","price":307.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 square meter, 1.25m x 0.8m x 0.175mm (70~100 Ohm\/sq)","offer_id":39403901091898,"sku":"GL0411","price":307.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/019_MSE_PRO_ITO_Coated_PET_Film_1930245488.jpg?v=1777583942"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-4-inch-n-type-undoped-gan-4-um-gallium-nitride-template-on-sapphire-0001","title":"MSE PRO 4 inch N-Type Undoped GaN 4 um Gallium Nitride Template on Sapphire (0001)","description":"\u003cp\u003e4 inch GaN Templates on Sapphire (0001), N-type (undoped), GaN 4 um\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c!-- Header hook for plugins ================================================== --\u003e \u003cscript async=\"\" type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/javascripts\/shopify_stats.js?v=6\"\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e \u003cscript\u003e\/\/ \u003c![CDATA[\nvarShopify=Shopify||{};Shopify.shop=\"pandaeagle.myshopify.com\";Shopify.theme={\"name\":\"Supply\",\"id\":8952913,\"theme_store_id\":679,\"role\":\"main\"};\n\/\/ ]]\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e \u003cscript id=\"__st\"\u003e\/\/ \u003c![CDATA[\nvar__st={\"a\":7162167,\"offset\":-25200,\"reqid\":\"5b533f4d-3031-42a5-94d6-dad4066c0a9b\",\"pageurl\":\"pandaeagle.myshopify.com\/collections\/frontpage\/products\/2-gan-templates-on-sapphire-0001-n-type-gan-3-5-m\",\"s\":\"products-384611517\",\"t\":\"lead\",\"u\":\"8db7f7899f6c\",\"p\":\"product\",\"rtyp\":\"product\",\"rid\":384611517};\n\/\/ ]]\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e \u003cscript\u003e\/\/ \u003c![CDATA[\n(function(){vars=document.createElement('script');s.type='text\/javascript';s.async=true;s.src='\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/javascripts\/shopify_stats.js?v=6';varx=document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];x.parentNode.insertBefore(s,x);})();\n\/\/ ]]\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e \u003cscript type=\"text\/javascript\"\u003e\/\/ \u003c![CDATA[\nfunctiongetStyle(el,styleProp){varx=el;if(x.currentStyle)vary=x.currentStyle[styleProp];elseif(window.getComputedStyle)vary=document.defaultView.getComputedStyle(x,null).getPropertyValue(styleProp);returny;}functiondoShift(down){varallElements=document.getElementsByTagName('*');for(vari=0;i\u003callElements.length;i++){if(allElements[i].id!=\"admin_bar_iframe\"\u0026\u0026getStyle(allElements[i],\"position\")==\"fixed\")allElements[i].style.top=parseInt(getStyle(allElements[i],\"top\"),10)+(down?40:-40)+\"px\";}}window.onload=function(){doShift(true);}if(window.addEventListener){addEventListener(\"message\",receiveABMessage,false);}else{window.attachEvent(\"onmessage\",receiveABMessage)}functionsetABVCookie(value){varex=newDate();ex.setDate(ex.getDate()+720);document.cookie=\"_abv=\"+value+\";expires=\"+ex.toUTCString()+\";path=\/\";}functionreceiveABMessage(event){if(event.origin!='https:\/\/pandaeagle.myshopify.com')return;if(event.data=='1'){document.body.style.position='relative';document.documentElement.style.marginTop=\"40px\";doShift(true);varelement=document.getElementById(\"admin_bar_iframe\");element.style.width='100%';element.style.backgroundColor='#191919';element.style.right='auto';element.style.left=0;setABVCookie('1');}elseif(event.data=='0'){document.body.style.position='relative';document.documentElement.style.marginTop=\"0px\";doShift(false);varelement=document.getElementById(\"admin_bar_iframe\");element.style.backgroundColor='transparent';element.style.right='0px';element.style.left='auto';element.style.width='40px';setABVCookie('0');}}\n\/\/ ]]\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cscript type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"\/\/ajax.googleapis.com\/ajax\/libs\/jquery\/1.11.0\/jquery.min.js\"\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e \u003cscript type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0716\/2167\/t\/2\/assets\/modernizr.min.js?102\"\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cmain class=\"wrapper main-content\" role=\"main\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"grid\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"grid-item large--three-fifths\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProduct SKU#: WA0213\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConductivity type: N-Type (undoped)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 100 mm +\/- 0.1 mm (4 inch diameter)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGaN Thickness:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4.5\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e+\/-\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e 0.5 um\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsable area: \u0026gt;90%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation of GaN: C plane (0001) off angle toward A-axis 0.2 ± 0.1\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Orientation Flat of GaN: (1-100) +\/- 0.2 deg, length 30.0 +\/- 1.0 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTotal Thickness Variation (TTV): \u0026lt;25 um\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResistivity (300K): \u0026lt; 0.5 Ohm-cm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDislocation Density: \u0026lt; 5x10^8 cm^-2\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCarrier concentration: \u0026gt; 2x10\u003csup\u003e18 \u003c\/sup\u003ecm\u003csup\u003e-3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMobility \u0026gt; 200 cm2\/V-s\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eXRD FWHMs: (0002) \u0026lt; 300 arcsec, (10-12) \u0026lt; 400 arcsec\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSurface AFM RMS: \u0026lt; 0.5 nm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSapphire substrate thickness: 650 +\/- 25 \u003cspan\u003eu\u003c\/span\u003em\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation of sapphire substrate: C plane (0001) off angle toward M-axis 0.2 ± 0.1, \u003cspan\u003e length 30.0 +\/- 1.0 mm\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubstrate Structure: GaN\/Sapphire (0001)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: single side polished (SSP) is standard, double side polish is available upon request.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePackage: packaged in a class 100 clean room environment, in single wafer containers.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRelated references: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. \u003cspan class=\"ng-binding\"\u003eElectrical Characteristics and Deep Traps Spectra of Undoped GaN Films Grown on Si Using Different Strain-Relieving Buffer Types\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ng-binding\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDOI:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003ca class=\"ng-binding ng-isolate-scope\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TNANO.2013.2294996\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e10.1109\/TNANO.2013.2294996\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ng-binding\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAbstract:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"abstract-text ng-binding\"\u003eElectrical properties of GaN films grown on Si by molecular beam epitaxy using various types of strain-relieving layers have been studied by means of Hall\/van der Pauw measurements, capacitance-voltage profiling, admittance spectroscopy, and deep levels transient spectroscopy with electrical and optical injection. The electrical properties of all grown films were determined by relatively deep electron traps N1, N2, and N3 with aggregate concentration of ~10\u003csup\u003e17\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ecm\u003csup\u003e-3\u003c\/sup\u003e. Freezing out of these traps led to the films freezing out down to the depth corresponding to the nearest underlying heterointerface where a strong band bending caused a sharp nonuniformity of charge carriers concentration. For AlN or Al-rich AlGaN underlying films, this band bending could cause formation of hole sheet charge leading to apparent conductivity to appear p-type in Hall. Other deep traps detected in the grown films were N4 and N5 acceptors with levels near E\u003csub\u003ec\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e- 0.6 eV, and hole traps H1 and H2 with levels near E\u003csub\u003ev\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e+ 0.9 eV. Possible consequences of the observed phenomena for designing the thick GaN stand-off films in power transistors are briefly discussed.\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/main\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41420243566650,"sku":"WA0213","price":1999.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/020_MSE_PRO_4_inch_N-Type_Undoped_GaN_4_um_Gallium_Nitride_Template_on_Sapphire_0001_4f8ad064f8.jpg?v=1777583949"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-2-inch-undoped-n-type-gan-20-um-gallium-nitride-template-on-sapphire-0001","title":"MSE PRO 2 inch Undoped N-Type GaN 20 um Gallium Nitride Template on Sapphire (0001)","description":"\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c!-- Basic page needs ================================================== --\u003e\u003c!-- Title and description ================================================== --\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2 inch high quality GaN Templates on Sapphire (0001), N-type (undoped), GaN 20 microns\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct SKU#:\u003c\/strong\u003e WA0206\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cmain class=\"wrapper main-content\" role=\"main\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"grid\" itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/Product\" itemscope=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"grid-item large--three-fifths\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConductivity type: N-Type (undoped)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 50.8 mm +\/- 0.1 mm (2 inch diameter)\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGaN Thickness: 20 +\/- 2 um \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsable Area: \u0026gt;90%\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation of GaN: C plane (0001) off angle toward A-axis 0.2 ± 0.1\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation Flat of GaN: (1-100) +\/- 0.2 deg, length 16.0 +\/- 1.0 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCarrier Concentration: \u0026lt; 5x10\u003csup\u003e17\u003c\/sup\u003e cm\u003csup\u003e-3\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResistivity (at 300K): \u0026lt; 0.5 Ω·cm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMobility: ~ 300 cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\/V·s\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDislocation Density: \u0026lt; 5x\u003cspan\u003e10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e8\u003c\/sup\u003e \u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: single side polished (SSP), double side polish (DSP) is available per request at additional cost.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSurface Roughness Ra:\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt; 0.5 nm, epi-ready\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSapphire substrate thickness: 430 +\/- 25 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation of sapphire substrate: C plane (0001) off angle toward M-axis 0.2 ± 0.1\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation Flat of sapphire: (11-20) 0 ± 0.2 deg, length 16.0 +\/- 1.0 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePackage: packaged in a clean room environment, in cassettes or single wafer containers.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eRelated References\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e1. \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.physe.2008.09.010\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eCathodoluminescence study of undoped GaN films: Experiment and calculation\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003eAbstract\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id15\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this paper, we report the theoretical and experimental results of cathodoluminescence (CL) from GaN layers grown at 800°C by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) on silicon substrate. The CL spectra recorded at room temperature reveal the near band-edge emission at 3.35-3.42 eV and a broad yellow luminescence at 2.2 eV. The CL depth analysis at constant power excitation shows inhomogeneous CL distribution in depth of these emissions as the electron beam increases from 3 to 25 keV. There appears a blue shift of the CL band-edge peaks with increasing sample depth. This behavior is explained by a change of the fundamental band gap due to residual strain and the local temperature rise under high electron beam excitation. The simulation of the CL excitation and intensity is developed using a consistent two-dimensional (2-D) model based on the electron beam energy dissipation and taking into account the effects of carrier diffusion, internal absorption and the recombination processes in GaN. The influence of electron beam local heating and respective strain effects on the CL signal are also discussed. A comparative study between experimental and simulated CL spectra at room temperature was performed.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/main\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cstyle type=\"text\/css\"\u003e\u003c!--\nhtml {  margin-top:40px; } body { position:relative;}\n--\u003e\u003c\/style\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41420240060474,"sku":"WA0206","price":664.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/021_MSE_PRO_2_inch_Undoped_N-Type_GaN_20_um_Gallium_Nitride_Template_on_Sapphire_000_645e78fc87.jpg?v=1777583956"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-led-grade-2-inch-fe-doped-semi-insulating-gallium-nitride-single-crystal-c-plane-0001","title":"MSE PRO LED Grade 2 inch Fe-doped Semi-Insulating Gallium Nitride Single Crystal C plane (0001)","description":"\u003cmeta http-equiv=\"X-UA-Compatible\" content=\"IE=11.0000\"\u003e\u003c!-- Header hook for plugins ================================================== --\u003e \u003cscript async=\"\" type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/javascripts\/shopify_stats.js?v=6\"\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e \u003cscript\u003e\/\/ \u003c![CDATA[\nvar Shopify = Shopify || {};\n      Shopify.shop = \"pandaeagle.myshopify.com\";\n      Shopify.theme = {\"name\":\"Supply\",\"id\":8952913,\"theme_store_id\":679,\"role\":\"main\"};\n\/\/ ]]\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e \u003cscript id=\"__st\"\u003e\/\/ \u003c![CDATA[\nvar __st={\"a\":7162167,\"offset\":-25200,\"reqid\":\"b939fbb3-2ea8-4163-8291-50a2d12f2759\",\"pageurl\":\"pandaeagle.myshopify.com\/collections\/frontpage\/products\/semi-insulating-free-standing-gan-substrate-size-10mm-x-10-0mm\",\"s\":\"products-384611941\",\"t\":\"lead\",\"u\":\"9aeda1251edc\",\"p\":\"product\",\"rtyp\":\"product\",\"rid\":384611941};\n\/\/ ]]\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e \u003cscript\u003e\/\/ \u003c![CDATA[\n(function() {\n        var s = document.createElement('script'); 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} body { position:relative;}\n--\u003e\u003c\/style\u003e\n\u003c!-- [if lt IE 9]\u003e\n\u003cscript src=\"\/\/html5shiv.googlecode.com\/svn\/trunk\/html5.js\" type=\"text\/javascript\"\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e\u003cscript src=\"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0716\/2167\/t\/2\/assets\/respond.min.js?102\" type=\"text\/javascript\"\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e\u003clink href=\"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0716\/2167\/t\/2\/assets\/respond-proxy.html\" id=\"respond-proxy\" rel=\"respond-proxy\"\u003e\u003clink href=\"\/\/pandaeagle.myshopify.com\/search?q=41b484d1ad683232ac9ac3b615a8a8ea\" id=\"respond-redirect\" rel=\"respond-redirect\"\u003e\u003cscript src=\"\/\/pandaeagle.myshopify.com\/search?q=41b484d1ad683232ac9ac3b615a8a8ea\" type=\"text\/javascript\"\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e\u003c![endif]--\u003e \u003cscript type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"\/\/ajax.googleapis.com\/ajax\/libs\/jquery\/1.11.0\/jquery.min.js\"\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e \u003cscript type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0716\/2167\/t\/2\/assets\/modernizr.min.js?102\"\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e \u003cmain class=\"wrapper main-content\" role=\"main\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"grid\" itemscope=\"\" itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/Product\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"grid-item large--three-fifths\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\u003cstrong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003eFree-standing GaN substrate, C plane (0001), semi-insulating, size 2 inch, 25.4mm,\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\u003cstrong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003eConductivity type\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003e: semi-insulating\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDoping: \u003c\/strong\u003eFe-doping (iron doped)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrade:\u003c\/strong\u003e LED grade\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDimension:\u003c\/strong\u003e 2\" diameter\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eThickness:\u003c\/strong\u003e 350 +\/- 25 u\u003cspan\u003em\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eUsable area:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt;70%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOrientation: \u003c\/strong\u003eC-plane (0001) off angle toward M-axis \u0026lt;1-100\u0026gt; 0.35 deg +\/- 0.15 deg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTotal Thickness Variation: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u0026lt;15 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBow: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u0026lt;20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResistivity (300K)\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u0026gt;10\u003csup\u003e6 \u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003e Ohm-\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eFe-doping concentration: \u003c\/strong\u003e~ 3\u003cspan\u003e × 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e18\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e cm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e−\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDislocation Density:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026lt;3 x 10\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e cm\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePolishing: \u003c\/strong\u003eFront surface: Ra \u0026lt;0.5 nm, epi-ready polished. back surface fine ground.\u003c!--0.2--\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePackage: \u003c\/strong\u003epackaged in a class 100 clean room environment, in single wafer container, under nitrogen atmosphere.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c!--0.2--\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Study of GaN light-emitting diodes fabricated by laser lift-off technique\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe fabrication process and performance characteristics of the laser lift-off (LLO) GaN light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were investigated. The LLO-GaN LEDs were fabricated by lifting off the Gallium Nitride LED wafer structure grown on the original sapphire substrate by a KrF excimer laser at 248 nm wavelength with the laser fluence of 0.6 J\/cm2 and transferring it onto a Cu substrate. The LLO-GaN LEDs on Cu show a nearly four-fold increase in the light output power over the regular LLO-LEDs on the sapphire substrate. High operation current up to 400 mA for the LLO-LEDs on Cu was also demonstrated. Based on the emission wavelength shift with the operating current data, the LLO-LEDs on Cu show an estimated improvement of heat dissipation capacities by nearly four times over the light-emitting devices on sapphire substrate. The LLO process should be applicable to other GaN-based LEDs in particular for those high light output power and high operation current devices.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/main\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41420265422906,"sku":"WA0221","price":3626.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/024_MSE_PRO_LED_Grade_2_inch_Fe-doped_Semi-Insulating_Gallium_Nitride_Single_Crystal_64b36a09e7.jpg?v=1777583964"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-laser-diode-grade-2-inch-undoped-n-type-gallium-nitride-single-crystal-c-plane-0001","title":"MSE PRO Laser Diode Grade 2 inch Undoped N-type Gallium Nitride Single Crystal C plane (0001)","description":"\u003cmeta content=\"IE=11.0000\" http-equiv=\"X-UA-Compatible\"\u003e\u003c!-- Header hook for plugins ================================================== --\u003e\n\u003cscript src=\"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/javascripts\/shopify_stats.js?v=6\" type=\"text\/javascript\" async=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e\n\u003cscript\u003e\/\/ \u003c![CDATA[\nvar Shopify = Shopify || {};\n      Shopify.shop = \"pandaeagle.myshopify.com\";\n      Shopify.theme = {\"name\":\"Supply\",\"id\":8952913,\"theme_store_id\":679,\"role\":\"main\"};\n\/\/ ]]\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e\n\u003cscript id=\"__st\"\u003e\/\/ \u003c![CDATA[\nvar __st={\"a\":7162167,\"offset\":-25200,\"reqid\":\"b939fbb3-2ea8-4163-8291-50a2d12f2759\",\"pageurl\":\"pandaeagle.myshopify.com\/collections\/frontpage\/products\/semi-insulating-free-standing-gan-substrate-size-10mm-x-10-0mm\",\"s\":\"products-384611941\",\"t\":\"lead\",\"u\":\"9aeda1251edc\",\"p\":\"product\",\"rtyp\":\"product\",\"rid\":384611941};\n\/\/ ]]\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e\n\u003cscript\u003e\/\/ \u003c![CDATA[\n(function() {\n        var s = document.createElement('script'); 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} body { position:relative;}\n--\u003e\u003c\/style\u003e\n\u003c!-- [if lt IE 9]\u003e\n\u003cscript src=\"\/\/html5shiv.googlecode.com\/svn\/trunk\/html5.js\" type=\"text\/javascript\"\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e\u003cscript src=\"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0716\/2167\/t\/2\/assets\/respond.min.js?102\" type=\"text\/javascript\"\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e\u003clink href=\"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0716\/2167\/t\/2\/assets\/respond-proxy.html\" id=\"respond-proxy\" rel=\"respond-proxy\"\u003e\u003clink href=\"\/\/pandaeagle.myshopify.com\/search?q=41b484d1ad683232ac9ac3b615a8a8ea\" id=\"respond-redirect\" rel=\"respond-redirect\"\u003e\u003cscript src=\"\/\/pandaeagle.myshopify.com\/search?q=41b484d1ad683232ac9ac3b615a8a8ea\" type=\"text\/javascript\"\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e\u003c![endif]--\u003e\n\u003cscript src=\"\/\/ajax.googleapis.com\/ajax\/libs\/jquery\/1.11.0\/jquery.min.js\" type=\"text\/javascript\"\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e\n\u003cscript src=\"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0716\/2167\/t\/2\/assets\/modernizr.min.js?102\" type=\"text\/javascript\"\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e\n\u003cmain class=\"wrapper main-content\" role=\"main\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"grid\" itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/Product\" itemscope=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"grid-item large--three-fifths\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\u003cstrong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003eFree-standing (single crystal) GaN substrate, C plane (0001), size 2\" diameter\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\u003cstrong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003eConductivity type\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003e: N-type (undoped)\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDimension:\u003c\/strong\u003e 2\" diameter\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eThickness:\u003c\/strong\u003e 350 +\/- 25 u\u003cspan\u003em\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eUsable area:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt;90%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOrientation:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cspan\u003eC-plane (0001) off angle toward M-\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ea\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003exis \u0026lt;\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1-100\u0026gt; 0.35 deg +\/- 0.15 deg\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTotal Thickness Variation: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u0026lt;15 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBow: \u0026lt; \u003c\/strong\u003e20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResistivity (300K)\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u0026lt; 0.5 Ohm.cm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCarrier Concentration: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e1e17cm\u003csup\u003e-3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMobility:\u003c\/strong\u003e 500 cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\/(V*s)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDislocation Density:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026lt; 9 x 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e cm\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePolishing: \u003c\/strong\u003eFront surface: Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm, epi-ready polished. back surface fine ground.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePackage: \u003c\/strong\u003epackaged in a class 100 clean room environment, in single wafer container, under nitrogen atmosphere.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c!--0.2--\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRelated Reference\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Blue InGaN\/GaN laser diodes grown on (33\u003cimg class=\"section_image\" src=\"https:\/\/wol-prod-cdn.literatumonline.com\/cms\/attachment\/cd783ad8-b0b1-467c-96cb-f49a4169fcf9\/tex2gif-ueqn-1.gif\"\u003e) free¨«standing GaN substrates\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca class=\"epub-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pssc.201001012\"\u003ehttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pssc.201001012\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.Review: \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.jsap.or.jp\/jsapi\/Pdf\/Number01\/Vol-1_Cutting%20Edge.pdf\" ping=\"\/url?sa=t\u0026amp;source=web\u0026amp;rct=j\u0026amp;url=https:\/\/www.jsap.or.jp\/jsapi\/Pdf\/Number01\/Vol-1_Cutting%2520Edge.pdf\u0026amp;ved=0ahUKEwjbxaOk1__bAhXGITQIHVXIALwQFghMMAU\"\u003eInGaN-BASED LASER DIODES\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ehttps:\/\/www.jsap.or.jp\/jsapi\/Pdf\/Number01\/Vol-1_Cutting%20Edge.pdf\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/main\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41420258738234,"sku":"WA0222","price":4473.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/025_MSE_PRO_Laser_Diode_Grade_2_inch_Undoped_N-type_Gallium_Nitride_Single_Crystal_C_79460a36f8.jpg?v=1777583971"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-2-inch-sapphire-wafer-c-plane-single-or-double-side-polish-al-sub-2-sub-o-sub-3-sub-single-crystal","title":"MSE PRO 2 inch Sapphire Wafer C-Plane Single or Double Side Polish Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e Single Crystal","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSapphire Wafer, 2 inch, C-plane (0001), Prime Grade\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustomized sapphire wafers and windows are available upon request\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Sapphire_Wafer_-SDS.pdf?v=1612456877\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProduct SKU#:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWA0405\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003esingle side polished,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWA0402\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003edouble side polished 400um,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWA0401\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003edouble side polished 300um,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWA0422\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003edouble side polished 200um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaterial: High Purity \u0026gt;99.99%, single crystal Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 50.80 mm +\/- 0.10 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 430 um +\/- 25 um for SSP (other thickness available upon request)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLattice Parameter: a=4.785 A, c=12.991 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDensity: 3.98 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: C plane (0001) to M (1-100) 0.2 +\/- 0.1 degree off.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Flat Orientation: A-plane [11-20] \u003cspan\u003e+\/-\u003c\/span\u003e 0.2 deg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Flat Length: 16.0 +\/- 1.0 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTotal Thickness Variation (TTV): \u0026lt;5 um (SSP), ≤6 um (DSP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBow: -10 to 0 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWarp: \u0026lt;10 um (SSP), \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≤ 20 um (DSP)\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient: 6.66 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/ °C parallel to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis, 5 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/°C perpendicular to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Strength:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4.8 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eV\/cm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Constant: 11.5 (1 MHz) along C axis, 9.3 \u003cspan\u003e(1 MHz) perpendicular to C axis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDielectric Loss Tangent (a.k.a. dissipation factor): less than 1 x 10\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e4\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThermal Conductivity: 40 W\/(m.K) at 20℃ \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: single side polished (SSP) polished side surface Ra \u0026lt; 0.3 nm (AFM), back side fine-ground Ra = 0.8 ~ 1.2 um, or double side polished (DSP) both front and back sides surface Ra \u0026lt; 0.3 nm (AFM)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":11739873348,"sku":"WA0405","price":32.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Double Side Polished (DSP) 400 um","offer_id":19388059254842,"sku":"WA0402","price":37.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Double Side Polished (DSP) 300 um","offer_id":31228491628602,"sku":"WA0401","price":54.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Double Side Polished (DSP) 200 um","offer_id":31228493037626,"sku":"WA0422","price":60.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/054_MSE_PRO_2_inch_Sapphire_Wafer_C-Plane_Single_or_Double_Side_Polish_Al_sub_2_sub__4c7f75c079.jpg?v=1777608042"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-3-inch-sapphire-wafer-c-plane-single-or-double-side-polish-al-sub-2-sub-o-sub-3-sub-single-crystal","title":"MSE PRO 3 inch Sapphire Wafer C-Plane Single or Double Side Polish Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e Single Crystal","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSapphire Wafer, 3 inch, C-plane (0001), Prime Grade, Single or Double Side Polish Al2O3 Single Crystal\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustomized sapphire wafers and windows are available upon request\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Sapphire_Wafer_-SDS.pdf?v=1612456877\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProduct SKU#:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWA0407\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003efor single side polished,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWA0406\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003efor double side polished (600um thickness), \u003cstrong\u003eWA0428\u003c\/strong\u003e for double side polished (430um thickness)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaterial: High Purity \u0026gt;99.99% single crystal Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiameter: 76.2 mm +\/- 0.1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 440 \u003cspan\u003eu\u003c\/span\u003em +\/- 25 \u003cspan\u003eu\u003c\/span\u003em (SSP), 600 \u003cspan\u003eu\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003em\u003c\/span\u003e or 430 \u003cspan\u003eu\u003c\/span\u003em +\/- 25 \u003cspan\u003eu\u003c\/span\u003em (DSP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLattice Parameters: a=4.785 A, c=12.991 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDensity: 3.98 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: C plane (0001) +\/- 0.3 degree, R-plane (1-102), A-plane (11-20), M-plane (10-10) are available.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary flat orientation: A-plane +\/- 0.3 degree\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary flat length: 22.0 mm +\/- 1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTotal Thickness Variation (TTV): \u0026lt;15 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBow: \u0026lt;15 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWarp: \u0026lt;15 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient: 6.66 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/ °C parallel to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis, 5 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/°C perpendicular to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Strength:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4.8 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eV\/cm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Constant: 11.5 (1 MHz) along C axis, 9.3 \u003cspan\u003e(1 MHz) perpendicular to C axis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDielectric Loss Tangent (a.k.a. dissipation factor): less than 1 x 10\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e4\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThermal Conductivity: 42W\/(m.K) at 20℃ \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: single side polished (SSP) front side epi-ready surface Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm (AFM), back side fine-ground Ra = 0.8 ~ 1.2 \u003cspan\u003eu\u003c\/span\u003em, or double side polished (DSP) both front and back sides epi-ready surface Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm (AFM)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":11739947588,"sku":"WA0407","price":87.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Double Side Polished (DSP) 430 um","offer_id":31254313107514,"sku":"WA0428","price":105.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Double Side Polished (DSP) 600 um","offer_id":31254313140282,"sku":"WA0406","price":98.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/055_MSE_PRO_3_inch_Sapphire_Wafer_C-Plane_Single_or_Double_Side_Polish_Al_sub_2_sub__247c7e384a.jpg?v=1777608055"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-4-inch-sapphire-wafer-c-plane-single-or-double-side-polish-al-sub-2-sub-o-sub-3-sub-single-crystal","title":"MSE PRO 4 inch Sapphire Wafer C-Plane Single or Double Side Polish Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e Single Crystal","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSapphire Wafer, 4 inch, C-plane (0001), Prime Grade\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustomized sapphire wafers and windows are available upon request\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Sapphire_Wafer_-SDS.pdf?v=1612456877\" target=\"_blank\" data-mce-href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Sapphire_Wafer_-SDS.pdf?v=1612456877\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\" data-mce-src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\" data-mce-selected=\"1\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProduct SKU#:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWA0408\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003efor single side polished,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWA0409\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003efor double side polished\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaterial: High Purity, \u0026gt;99.99%, single crystal Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 100.0 mm +\/- 0.1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 650 um +\/- 25 um (SSP) , 600 um +\/- 25 um (DSP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLattice Parameter: a=4.785 A, c=12.991 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDensity: 3.98 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: C plane sapphire (0001) off M plane 0.2+\/- 0.1 degree, R-plane (1-102), A-plane (11-20), M-plane (10-10) are available.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary flat orientation: A-plane +\/- 0.2 degree\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary flat length: 30.0 +\/- 1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTotal Thickness Variation (TTV): \u0026lt;20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBow: \u0026lt;20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWarp: \u0026lt;20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient: 6.66 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/ °C parallel to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis, 5 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/°C perpendicular to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Strength:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4.8 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eV\/cm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Constant: 11.5 (1 MHz) along C axis, 9.3 \u003cspan\u003e(1 MHz) perpendicular to C axis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDielectric Loss Tangent (a.k.a. dissipation factor): less than 1 x 10\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e4\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThermal Conductivity: 42W\/(m.K) at 20℃ \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: single side polished (SSP) front side epi-ready surface Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm (AFM), back side fine-ground Ra = 0.8 ~ 1.2 um, or double side polished (DSP) both front and back sides epi-ready surface Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm (AFM)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":11739986692,"sku":"WA0408","price":91.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":19455075221562,"sku":"WA0409","price":102.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/056_MSE_PRO_4_inch_Sapphire_Wafer_C-Plane_Single_or_Double_Side_Polish_Al_sub_2_sub__44fce730f1.jpg?v=1777608068"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-6-inch-sapphire-wafer-c-plane-single-or-double-side-polish-al-sub-2-sub-o-sub-3-sub-single-crystal","title":"MSE PRO 6 inch Sapphire Wafer C-Plane Single or Double Side Polish Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e Single Crystal","description":"\u003ch2\u003eFeatures for 6 in Sapphire Wafer C-Plane Single or Double Side Polish, Prime Grade\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustomized sapphire wafers and windows are available upon request\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Sapphire_Wafer_-SDS.pdf?v=1612456877\" data-mce-href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Sapphire_Wafer_-SDS.pdf?v=1612456877\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\" alt=\"\" data-mce-selected=\"1\" data-mce-src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProduct SKU#: \u003cstrong\u003eWA0411\u003c\/strong\u003e for single side polished, \u003cstrong\u003eWA0410\u003c\/strong\u003e for double side polished\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaterial: High purity single crystal Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e, sapphire wafer.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 150.00 mm +\/- 0.20 mm, 6 inch\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 1300 \u003cspan style=\"display: inline !important; float: none; background-color: transparent; color: #000000; cursor: text; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 22.5px; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;\"\u003e+\/-\u003c\/span\u003e 15 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: C plane (0001) off M (1-100) plane 0.2 +\/- 0.1 degree\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary flat orientation: A plane \u003cspan style=\"background-color: transparent; color: #000000; cursor: text; font-family: \u0026amp;quot; helvetica neue\u0026amp;quot;,helvetica,arial,sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 22.5px; min-height: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;\"\u003e+\/- 0.25\u003c\/span\u003e degree\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary flat length: 47.5 mm +\/- 1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTotal Thickness Variation (TTV): ≤10 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBow: -15 to 0 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWarp: \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≤30\u003c\/span\u003e um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient: 6.66 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/ °C parallel to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis, 5 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/°C perpendicular to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Strength:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4.8 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eV\/cm\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Constant: 11.5 (1 MHz) along C axis, 9.3 \u003cspan\u003e(1 MHz) perpendicular to C axis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDielectric Loss Tangent (a.k.a. dissipation factor): less than 1 x 10\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e4\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThermal Conductivity: 40 W\/(m.K) at 20℃ \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: single side polished (SSP) or double side polished (DSP) Ra \u0026lt; 0.3 nm (by AFM). The reverse side of SSP wafer was fine ground to Ra = 0.8 - 1.2 um.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTransmittance: 88% +\/-1 % @460 nm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":11739820548,"sku":"WA0411","price":215.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":23111923040314,"sku":"WA0410","price":259.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/057_MSE_PRO_6_inch_Sapphire_Wafer_C-Plane_Single_or_Double_Side_Polish_Al_sub_2_sub__234de3c99f.jpg?v=1777608082"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-2-in-sapphire-wafer-r-plane-1-102-single-crystal-al-sub-2-sub-o-sub-3-sub","title":"MSE PRO 2 in Sapphire Wafer R-Plane (1-102) Single Crystal Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e","description":"\u003ch2\u003eMSE PRO 2 inch Sapphire Wafer R-plane (1-102) Single Crystal Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Sapphire_Wafer_-SDS.pdf?v=1612456877\" target=\"_blank\" data-mce-href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Sapphire_Wafer_-SDS.pdf?v=1612456877\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\" data-mce-src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\" data-mce-selected=\"1\"\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaterial: High Purity \u0026gt;99.996%, single crystal Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 50.8 mm +\/- 0.1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 0.43 mm standard\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLattice Parameter: a=4.785 A, c=12.991 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDensity: 3.98 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: R-plane (1-102) 0.2 +\/- 0.1 degree\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Flat orientation: Projected C-axis 45 +\/- 2 degree\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary flat length: 16.0 +\/- 1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTotal Thickness Variation: \u0026lt;10 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBow: \u0026lt;10 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWarp: \u0026lt;10 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient: 6.66 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/ °C parallel to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis, 5 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/°C perpendicular to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Strength: 48,000 V\/cm (1,200 V\/mil)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: single side polished Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm (AFM), double size polish is available per request.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":22287460466746,"sku":"WA0415","price":82.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":22287460499514,"sku":"WA0412","price":98.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/058_MSE_PRO_2_in_Sapphire_Wafer_R-Plane_1-102_Single_Crystal_Al_sub_2_sub_O_sub_3_su_8080f01f32.jpg?v=1777608094"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-2-in-sapphire-wafer-a-plane-11-20-single-crystal-al-sub-2-sub-o-sub-3-sub","title":"MSE PRO 2 in Sapphire Wafer A-plane (11-20) Single Crystal Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e","description":"\u003ch2\u003eFeatures of 2 in Sapphire Wafer A-plane (11-20) Single Crystal Al2O3\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Sapphire_Wafer_-SDS.pdf?v=1612456877\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaterial: High Purity \u0026gt;99.996%, single crystal Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 50.8 mm +\/- 0.1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 0.50 mm standard (new batch will be 0.43mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLattice Parameter: a=4.785 A, c=12.991 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDensity: 3.98 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: A-plane (11-20) 0.2 +\/- 0.1 degree\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Flat Orientation: C-plane\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary flat length: 16.0 +\/- 1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTotal Thickness Variation: \u0026lt;10 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBow: \u0026lt;10 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWarp: \u0026lt;10 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient: 6.66 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/ °C parallel to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis, 5 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/°C perpendicular to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Strength: 48,000 V\/cm (1,200 V\/mil)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: single side polished Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm (AFM), double size polish is available per request.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":11749853188,"sku":"WA0413","price":76.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":22655558778938,"sku":"WA0424","price":93.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/059_MSE_PRO_2_in_Sapphire_Wafer_A-plane_11-20_Single_Crystal_Al_sub_2_sub_O_sub_3_su_dbfd76a4a0.jpg?v=1777608109"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-2-in-sapphire-wafer-m-plane-10-10-single-crystal-al-sub-2-sub-o-sub-3-sub","title":"MSE PRO 2 in Sapphire Wafer M-plane (10-10) Single Crystal Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e","description":"\u003ch2\u003eFeatures of 2 in Sapphire Wafer M-plane (10-10) Single Crystal Al2O3\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Sapphire_Wafer_-SDS.pdf?v=1612456877\" target=\"_blank\" data-mce-href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-Sapphire_Wafer_-SDS.pdf?v=1612456877\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\" data-mce-src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\" data-mce-selected=\"1\"\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaterial: High Purity \u0026gt;99.996%, single crystal Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 50.8 mm +\/- 0.1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 0.43 mm standard\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLattice Parameter: a=4.785 A, c=12.991 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDensity: 3.98 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: M-plane (10-10) 0.2 +\/- 0.1 degree\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary flat orientation: C-plane [11-20] +\/- 0.2 deg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary flat length: 16.0 +\/- 1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTotal Thickness Variation: \u0026lt;10 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBow: \u0026lt;10 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWarp: \u0026lt;10 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient: 6.66 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/ °C parallel to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis, 5 x 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \/°C perpendicular to C\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eaxis\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDielectric Strength: 48,000 V\/cm (1,200 V\/mil)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: single side polished Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm (AFM), double size polish is available per request.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":11749865604,"sku":"WA0414","price":76.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":22655569068090,"sku":"WA0423","price":93.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/060_MSE_PRO_2_in_Sapphire_Wafer_M-plane_10-10_Single_Crystal_Al_sub_2_sub_O_sub_3_su_d4a47db32c.jpg?v=1777608124"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-2-inch-semi-insulating-gan-2-um-gallium-nitride-template-on-sapphire-0001-1","title":"MSE PRO 2 inch Semi-Insulating GaN 2 um Gallium Nitride Template on Sapphire (0001)","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct Description:\u003c\/strong\u003e 2 inch Semi-Insulating GaN 2 um Gallium Nitride Template on Sapphire (0001)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct SKU#:\u003c\/strong\u003e WA0203\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecifications:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConductivity type: semi-insulating\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDoping type: un specified\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 2 inch diameter\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGaN Thickness: 2 micron +\/-10%\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: C plane (0001) +\/- 0.5 deg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Orientation Flat: (1-100) +\/- 0.5 degree, length 16.0 +\/- 1.0 mm\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResistivity (300K): \u0026gt;1x10\u003csup\u003e6 \u003c\/sup\u003eOhm-cm\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubstrate Structure: GaN on Sapphire (0001)\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSapphire substrate thickness: 430 +\/- 25 um\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation of sapphire substrate: C plane (0001) off angle toward M-axis 0.2 ± 0.1\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation Flat of sapphire: (11-20) 0 ± 0.2 deg, length 16.0 +\/- 1.0 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: as grown\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRelated Reference\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.nrl.navy.mil\/estd\/sites\/www.nrl.navy.mil.estd\/files\/pdfs\/08-1226-1056.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSemi-insulating GaN substrates for high-frequency device fabrication\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAbstract\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThick c-plane unintentional doped and iron-doped GaN substrates were grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxial technique on sapphire substrates. The morphology and crystalline quality of the freestanding samples show no evident degradation due to iron doping. Low-temperature photoluminescence measurements show reduction of the exciton-bound to neutral impurities band intensities with iron doping increase. Near-infrared photoluminescence studies confirm the incorporation and activation of iron impurities. Variable temperature resistivity measurements verified that the iron-doped films are semi-insulating.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41420217974842,"sku":"WA0203","price":899.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/075_MSE_PRO_2_inch_Semi-Insulating_GaN_2_um_Gallium_Nitride_Template_on_Sapphire_000_4aade5eeff.jpg?v=1777608319"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-barium-fluoride-baf-sub-2-sub-crystal-and-substrates","title":"MSE PRO Barium Fluoride BaF\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e Crystal and Substrates","description":"\u003cp\u003eBarium fluoride, BaF2, crystal has good transmittance over a wide spectrum range, from 150 nm to 12.5 um. It has been widely used as windows, lenses, and prisms, particularly for ultaviolet transmittance. The highest quality BaF2 has been used for scintillation crystals. BaF2 can also be used a crystal substrates for the epitaxial growth of thin films. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMSE Supplies offers the following choices: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCustomized crystal growth and machining\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh quality blank BaF2 crystal materials in discs, plates, rods, customized for customers\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCrystal orientations: (100), (111) or other custom-made orientations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStandard BaF2 substrate sizes: 10 mm x 10 mm x 1.0 mm, 1 inch diameter x 1.0 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSurface polishing: Single Side Polished (SSP) or Double Side Polished (DSP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh quality BaF2 scintillation crystal\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCustomized BaF2 optics for IR and VUV applications\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBaF2 viewport windows for Infrared thermography from 8 um to 14 um.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCapability: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaximum diameter: 7 inches (180 mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSurface quality: S\/D 60\/40 for optical windows or other optical components, Ra \u0026lt; 20 A for epi-ready crystal substrates\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"85%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOptical Properties\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTransmission Range\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e150 nm to 14 um\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTransmittance\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;94% at 350 nm to 10.8 um\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRefractive Index\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.4624 at 2.58 um\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.3936 at 10.35 um\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReflection Loss\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6.8% at 2.58 um (both surfaces)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5.3% at 10.35 um (both surfaces)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRadiation Length\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e20.6 mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eResidual Radiation Peak\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e47 nm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEmission Peak\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e310 nm slow; 220 nm fast\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDecay Constant\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e620 ns slow; 0.6 ns fast\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLight Output\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e20% slow; 4% fast\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAbsorption Coefficient\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.2 x 10^-4 cm-1 at 6 um\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePhysical Properties\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDensity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4.89 g\/cm3\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMelting Point\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1280 °C\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e11.72 W.m-1K-1 at 286K\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient (CTE)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e18.1 x 10-6 \/C at 273K\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKnoop Hardness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e82 with 500g indenter (kg\/mm2)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpecific Heat Capacity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e410 J\/(kg.K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDielectric Constant\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7.33 at 1 MHz\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYoung's Modulus (E)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e53.07 GPa\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShear Modulus (G)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25.4 GPa\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBulk Modulus (K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e56.4 GPa\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApparent Elastic Limit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e26.9 MPa (3900 psi)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePoisson Ratio\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.343\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChemical Properties\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSolubility\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.0017 g in 100g water at 23°C\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e175.36 g\/mole\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStructure\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCubic Crystal\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"35%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCleavage Plane\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"64%\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(111)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"(100) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 1.0 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204171575354,"sku":"SU0515","price":92.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 1.0 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204171608122,"sku":"SU0508","price":109.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 1.0 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204171640890,"sku":"SU0516","price":92.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 1.0 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204171673658,"sku":"SU0507","price":108.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 1 inch diameter x 1.0 mm thick \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204171706426,"sku":"SU0517","price":208.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 1 inch diameter x 1.0 mm thick \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204171739194,"sku":"SU0518","price":230.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40784646832186,"sku":"SU0540","price":87.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/077_MSE_PRO_Barium_Fluoride_BaF_sub_2_sub_Crystal_and_Substrates_84e8ac017c.jpg?v=1777608345"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-eu-doped-calcium-fluoride-eu-caf-sub-2-sub-crystal","title":"MSE PRO Eu doped calcium fluoride Eu:CaF\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e Crystal","description":"\u003cp\u003eEu doped calcium fluoride, Eu:\u003cspan\u003eCaF\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e, is an excellent scintillation crystal. It has been widely used in low energy nuclear physics experiment, nuclear reactor detecting, radiation monitor and radioactivity medical science diagnoses.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMSE Supplies offers the following choices:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh quality \u003cspan\u003eEu:CaF\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e \u003c\/span\u003escintillation crystal\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh quality \u003cspan\u003eEu:CaF\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ecrystal materials in customized shapes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/Eu_doped_CaF2_large.jpg?8849059888096924860\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":16989279684,"sku":"ME5101","price":0.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/079_MSE_PRO_Eu_doped_calcium_fluoride_Eu_CaF_sub_2_sub_Crystal_76a00bb764.jpg?v=1777608371"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-yttria-stabilized-zirconia-ysz-single-crystal-substrates","title":"MSE PRO Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) Single Crystal Substrates","description":"\u003cp\u003eYSZ is widely used as an oxide crystal substrate for the epitaxial growth of thin films. Both standard and custom-made products are available from MSE Supplies. Please contact us to request special sizes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" border=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"style_150\" height=\"28\"\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 530px;\" height=\"425\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 526.193px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cb\u003eMain Parameters of YSZ crystal substrates\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 195.284px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003eMaterial\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 328.92px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e8 mol.% \u003cspan\u003eY\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan\u003eO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan\u003e stabilized ZrO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e, YSZ (yttria-stabilized zirconia), 8YSZ\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 195.284px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eCrystal structure\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 328.92px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eFace Centered Cubic (FCC), CaF\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e type fluorite\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 195.284px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eUnit cell constant\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 328.92px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ea = 5.125 A\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 195.284px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eMelt point (degree C)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 328.92px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e2500\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 195.284px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eDensity (g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 328.92px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e5.9\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 195.284px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eHardness\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 328.92px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e8 - 8.5 Mohs\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 195.284px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eThermal expansion (\/K)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 328.92px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e10.3 x 10\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 195.284px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eDielectric constant (@ 1MHz)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 328.92px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e27\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 195.284px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003eTangent loss\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 328.92px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e0.0054\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 195.284px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eGrowth method\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 328.92px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSkull melting, cold crucible method\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 195.284px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSizes\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 328.92px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e5x5, 10x5, 10x10, 25.4x25.4, 50\u003cspan\u003e.8x50.8\u003c\/span\u003e mm\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 328.92px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e1 inch diameter, 2 inch diameter, 3 inch diameter, other sizes are available upon request\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 195.284px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eThickness\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 328.92px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e0.5 mm or 1.0 mm or customized\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 195.284px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSurface polishing\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 328.92px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSingle or double side polished (epi-ready CMP)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 195.284px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eCrystal orientation\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 328.92px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e(100), (110), (111), +\/- 0.5 degree\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 195.284px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSurface roughness, Ra:\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 328.92px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u0026lt; 0.5 nm (5 um x 5 um area)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 195.284px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ePackage\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 328.92px;\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003esealed in class 100 clean bags \u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/0470871687.ch21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003eGrowth of Zirconia Crystals by Skull Melting Technique\u003c\/a\u003e (Chapter 21 in Crystal Growth Technology)\u003cbr\u003eE. E. Lomonova V. V. Osiko\u003cbr\u003eBook Editor(s): Hans J. Scheel Tsuguo Fukuda\u003cbr\u003eFirst published: 23 September 2003\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/aip.scitation.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1063\/1.126461\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003eHighly electrically conductive indiumtinoxide thin films epitaxially grown on yttria-stabilized zirconia (100) by pulsed-laser deposition\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAppl. Phys. Lett. 76, 2740 (2000), https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.126461\u003cbr\u003eHiromichi Ohta, Masahiro Orita, and Masahiro Hirano\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies LLC","offers":[{"title":"(100) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 1.0 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204170592314,"sku":"SU1501","price":30.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(100) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 1.0 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204170625082,"sku":"SU1502","price":38.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(111) \/ 5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204171051066,"sku":"SU1503","price":21.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(110) \/ 5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204170919994,"sku":"SU1504","price":18.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204170395706,"sku":"SU1505","price":12.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 1 inch diameter x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204170821690,"sku":"SU1506","price":164.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(100) \/ 5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204170428474,"sku":"SU1507","price":16.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(100) \/ 5 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204170461242,"sku":"SU1508","price":18.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 5 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204170494010,"sku":"SU1509","price":23.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(100) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204170526778,"sku":"SU1510","price":23.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(100) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204170559546,"sku":"SU1511","price":30.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(110) \/ 5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204170952762,"sku":"SU1512","price":21.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(110) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204170985530,"sku":"SU1513","price":38.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(110) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204171018298,"sku":"SU1514","price":42.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204171083834,"sku":"SU1515","price":27.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(100) \/ 1 inch x 1 inch x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204170657850,"sku":"SU1516","price":127.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 2 inch x 2 inch x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204170723386,"sku":"SU1517","price":446.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(111) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204171116602,"sku":"SU1518","price":49.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(111) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204171149370,"sku":"SU1519","price":54.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 1 inch diameter x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204170788922,"sku":"SU1520","price":142.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(100) \/ 2 inch diameter x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204170854458,"sku":"SU1521","price":413.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(100) \/ 1 inch x 1 inch x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204170690618,"sku":"SU1522","price":149.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 2 inch x 2 inch x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204170756154,"sku":"SU1523","price":490.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(100) \/ 2 inch diameter x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204170887226,"sku":"SU1524","price":439.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(110) \/ 3 inch diameter x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204171247674,"sku":"SU1527","price":765.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(100) \/ 3 inch diameter x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204171345978,"sku":"SU1528","price":870.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(111) \/ 1 inch x 1 inch x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204171182138,"sku":"SU1529","price":175.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 3 inch diameter x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204171280442,"sku":"SU1530","price":826.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(110) \/ 3 inch diameter x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204171313210,"sku":"SU1531","price":820.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(111) \/ 1 inch x 1 inch x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204171214906,"sku":"SU1532","price":197.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(100) \/ 1 inch x 0.5 inch x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":41024276529210,"sku":"SU1533","price":85.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/080_MSE_PRO_Yttria_Stabilized_Zirconia_YSZ_Single_Crystal_Substrates_c905c3817d.jpg?v=1777608384"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-zno-zinc-oxide-crystal-substrates","title":"MSE PRO ZnO Zinc Oxide Crystal Substrates","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eZinc oxide is a wide band-gap semiconductor material. It has broad potential applications in high-efficiency semiconductor photoelectronic devices, semiconductor photocatalysis and diluted magnetic semiconductors. Because of it lattice integrity, ZnO single crystals are essential for the fabrication of high-quality ZnO-based semiconductor devices. It is also an ideal substrate material for epitaxial growth of various thin films. MSE Supplies offers many options for ZnO crystals and substrates to meet customers' specific technical requirements. Please contact us to discuss your requirements with our scientists and engineers. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd height=\"28\" class=\"style_150\"\u003e\n\u003ctable cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"568\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cb\u003eMain Parameters\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eCrystal structure\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"381\"\u003eHexagonal\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"381\"\u003e99.99%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eLattice parameters\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"381\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ea=3.252 A, c=5.313 A\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eDensity\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"381\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e5.7 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eHardness\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"381\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e4 Mohs\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eMelting point\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"381\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e1975 degree C\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eThermal expansion coefficient (CTE)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"381\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e6.5 x 10^-6 \/K along a axis, 3.7 x 10^-6 \/K along c axis\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSeebeck coefficient\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"381\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e1200 uV\/K at 300 K\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eThermal conductivity\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"381\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e0.006 Cal\/cm\/K\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eOptical transmission\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"381\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u0026gt; 50% for 2mm thickness (wavelength 400nm ~ 600nm)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eCrystal orientation\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"381\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eC plane (0001), A plane (11-20), M plane (1-100) +\/-0.5 deg\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSize (mm)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"381\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e5x5 mm, 10x10 mm, 25x25 mm, other sizes and orientations are available upon request\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSurface roughness\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"381\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eRa \u0026lt; 5A (AFM surface roughness measurement)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSurface polishing\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"381\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSingle side polished (SSP) or double side polished (DSP). CMP polishing on either O-face or Zn-face.\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ePackage\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"381\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ePacked with class 100 clean bag in class 1000 clean room\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBook chapter: \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/application.wiley-vch.de\/books\/sample\/3527408134_c01.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003eGeneral properties of zinc oxide. PDF\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ O-face Single Side Polished (SSP) \/ C Plane (0001)","offer_id":23017253208122,"sku":"SU1102","price":149.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Zn-face Single Side Polished (SSP) \/ C Plane (0001)","offer_id":23017253240890,"sku":"SU1101","price":149.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ O-face Single Side Polished (SSP) \/ C Plane (0001)","offer_id":16990853188,"sku":"SU1104","price":406.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Zn-face Single Side Polished (SSP) \/ C Plane (0001)","offer_id":23017253077050,"sku":"SU1103","price":406.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP) \/ (10-10)","offer_id":32046758101050,"sku":"SU1114","price":193.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP) \/ (11-20)","offer_id":32046760755258,"sku":"SU1113","price":193.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/086_MSE_PRO_ZnO_Zinc_Oxide_Crystal_Substrates_9af29bed7b.jpg?v=1777608461"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-gaas-gallium-arsenide-crystal-substrates","title":"MSE PRO GaAs Gallium Arsenide Crystal Substrates","description":"\u003cp\u003ePlease contact us for options for GaAs crystal substrates and wafers, such as doping, size, surface polishing, and other product parameters.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" border=\"1\" style=\"width: 556px; height: 268.7px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 33.5px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 722.909px; height: 33.5px;\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cb\u003eMain Parameters for GaAs Gallium Arsenide Crystal Substrates\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 39.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px; height: 39.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003esingle crystal\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px; height: 39.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eDopant\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 290.909px; height: 39.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eConduction type\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 138.347px; height: 39.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eCarrier concentration cm-3\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 133.653px; height: 39.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eGrowth method\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eMax size\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" rowspan=\"5\" style=\"width: 80px; height: 98px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eGaAs\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eNone\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 290.909px; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSI, semi-insulating\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 138.347px; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\/\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" rowspan=\"5\" style=\"width: 133.653px; height: 98px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eLEC\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eHB\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eDia. 3\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSi\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 290.909px; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eN type\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 138.347px; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u0026gt;5 x 10^17\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eCr\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 290.909px; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSI, semi-insulating\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 138.347px; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\/\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eFe\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 290.909px; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eN type\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 138.347px; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e~2 x 10^18\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eZn\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 290.909px; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eP type\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 138.347px; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u0026gt;5 x 10^17\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 58.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" colspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 170px; height: 58.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSizes (mm)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" colspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 552.909px; height: 58.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e10x10mm, 2 inch diameter, 3 inch diameter, 4 inch diameter\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSpecial size and orientation options are available upon request\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" colspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 170px; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSurface Roughness\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" colspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 552.909px; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSurface roughness(Ra): \u0026lt;= 5A\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" colspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 170px; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ePolishing\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" colspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 552.909px; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSingle or double side polished\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"color: #ff2a00;\"\u003eShipping and handling: This material is classified as a hazmat and requires special packaging and shipping to comply with regulatory requirements. Please contact us for specific details with shipping and handling.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies LLC","offers":[{"title":"Undoped \/ (100), 10 x 10 x 0.35 mm, SSP","offer_id":31387300986938,"sku":"SU1701","price":63.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"Undoped \/ (110), 10 x 10 x 0.5 mm, SSP","offer_id":31387368292410,"sku":"SU1702","price":69.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"Undoped \/ (111), 10 x 10 x 0.5 mm, SSP","offer_id":31387369340986,"sku":"SU1703","price":85.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"Undoped \/ (100), 2 inch diameter x 0.35mm, SSP","offer_id":39300487675962,"sku":"SU1704","price":263.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"Undoped \/ (100), 10 x 10 x 0.3 mm, DSP","offer_id":39316291059770,"sku":"SU1705","price":70.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Undoped \/ (100), 3 inch diameter x 0.625mm, DSP","offer_id":39622086393914,"sku":"SU1707","price":373.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"Si doped\/N type \/ (100), 2 inch diameter x 0.35mm, SSP","offer_id":40596147109946,"sku":"SU1708","price":285.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"Undoped \/ (100), 4 inch diameter x 0.625mm, SSP","offer_id":40597236285498,"sku":"SU1709","price":373.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"Si doped\/N type \/ (100), 4 inch diameter x 0.625mm, DSP","offer_id":40597241790522,"sku":"SU1710","price":450.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Si doped\/N type \/ (100), 3 inch diameter x 0.625mm, SSP","offer_id":40597245263930,"sku":"SU1711","price":373.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"Zn doped\/P type \/ (100), 2 inch diameter x 0.35mm, SSP","offer_id":40597247655994,"sku":"SU1712","price":296.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"Undoped \/ (100), 2 inch diameter x 0.3mm, DSP","offer_id":40597255520314,"sku":"SU1713","price":296.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"Si doped\/N type \/ (100), 2 inch diameter x 0.3mm, DSP","offer_id":40597256667194,"sku":"SU1714","price":296.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"Undoped \/ (110), 10 x 10 x 0.5 mm, DSP","offer_id":40658436882490,"sku":"SU1715","price":98.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"Undoped \/ (111), 10 x 10 x 0.5 mm, DSP","offer_id":40658437079098,"sku":"SU1716","price":120.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Zn doped\/P type \/ (100), 2 inch diameter x 0.3mm, DSP","offer_id":40664419926074,"sku":"SU1717","price":395.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/087_MSE_PRO_GaAs_Gallium_Arsenide_Crystal_Substrates_4732cf1e1b.jpg?v=1777608474"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-yvo-sub-4-sub-undoped-yttrium-orthovanadate-crystal","title":"MSE PRO YVO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c\/sub\u003e Undoped Yttrium Orthovanadate Crystal","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003e\u003cspan color=\"#0000FF\"\u003eUndoped YVO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan color=\"#0000FF\"\u003e\u003csub\u003e4\u003c\/sub\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eis an excellent newly developed birefringence optical crystal.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt has very good transmission in a wide wavelength range from visible to infrared.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt has high refractive index and birefringence difference.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompared with other important birefringence crystals, YVO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c\/sub\u003e has higher. hardness, better fabrication property, and water insolubility than calcite (CaCO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e single crystal).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEasier to make large, high quality crystal at lower cost than Rutile (TiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e single crystal).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThose outstanding properties make \u003cspan\u003eYVO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e4\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003every important birefringence optical material and widely used in opto-electronic research, development and industry. For example, the optical communication system needs a large quantity devices of undoped YVO4, such as fiber optical isolators, circulators, beam displacers, Glan polarizers and other polarizing devices.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003eYVO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e4\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ecrystal properties\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCrystal structure: Tetragonal\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCrystal orientation: (001), (100), (110), (101)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDensity: 4.24 g\/cm3\u003cbr\u003eMelting point: 1810 – 1940 deg C\u003cbr\u003eMohs hardness: glass-like, ~5\u003cbr\u003eKnoop hardness: 480 kg\/mm2\u003cbr\u003eThermal expansion coefficient:\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ealong a axis = 4.43×10^−6 \/K\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ealong c axis = 11.37×10^−6 \/K\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal conductivity coefficient:\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eparallel to c-axis: 5.23 W\/m.K\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eperpendicular to c-axis: 5.10 W\/m.K\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRefractive indices, birefringence ( Δn = ne - no) and walk-off angle at 45° (ρ):\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eat 0.63 µm:\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ene = 2.2154\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eno = 1.9929\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eΔn = 0.2225\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eρ = 6.04\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eat 1.30 µm:\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ene = 2.1554\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eno = 1.9500\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eΔn = 0.2054\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eρ= 5.72\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eat 1.55 µm:\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ene = 2.1486\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eno = 1.9447\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eΔn = 0.2039\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eρ = 5.69\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSellmeier equation (λ in µm):\u003cbr\u003ene2=4.59905 + 0.110534\/(λ2 − 0.04813) − 0.012267612 λ2\u003cbr\u003eno2=3.77834 + 0.069736\/(λ2 − 0.04724) − 0.0108133 λ2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSizes available: 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm\u003cbr\u003ecustomized sizes and orientations are available upon request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSurface roughness (Ra): \u0026lt;= 0.5nm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSurface Polishing: Single or double side polished\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"(001) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204165218362,"sku":"SU3901","price":98.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(001) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204165251130,"sku":"SU3902","price":126.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(100) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204165283898,"sku":"SU3903","price":80.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204165316666,"sku":"SU3904","price":96.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(110) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204165349434,"sku":"SU3905","price":109.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"(110) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204165382202,"sku":"SU3906","price":126.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/093_MSE_PRO_YVO_sub_4_sub_Undoped_Yttrium_Orthovanadate_Crystal_e484e23a6f.jpg?v=1777608549"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-sio-sub-2-sub-silica-quartz-single-crystal-wafers-and-substrates-3","title":"MSE PRO SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e Silica Quartz Single Crystal Wafers and Substrates","description":"\u003cp\u003eSingle crystal quartz wafers are ideal for use as substrates for thin film deposition and are also suitable for many optical applications. Quartz single crystal wafers and substrates are also used as microwave filters in wireless communication.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMSE Supplies offers both standard and custom-made quartz wafers and substrates.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 586px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 576px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTypical Material Properties\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePurity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOptical grade: 99.99%\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCrystal Structure and lattice parameters\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHexagonal\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea= 4.914 Å\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec = 5.405 Å\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGrowth Method\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHydrothermal method\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHardness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7.0 Mohs\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDensity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.684 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMelt Point\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1610 deg C (phase transition point: 573.1 °C)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpecific heat\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.18 cal\/g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermoelectric Constant\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1200 mV \/\u003cspan\u003e °C\u003c\/span\u003e @ 300\u003cspan\u003e °C\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal conductivity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.0033 cal\/cm\/\u003cspan\u003e °C\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal expansion coefficient, (CTE) (x10^-6\/ K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eperpendicular to Z axis\u003c\/span\u003e: 13.71\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eparallel to Z axis\u003c\/span\u003e: 7.48\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRefractive Index\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.544\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eQ value\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAcoustic velocity, SAW Frequency constant, BAW Piezoelectric coupling ,\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.8 x 10^6 minimum\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3160 ( m\/sec ) 1661 ( kHz\/mm )\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eK2 (%) BAW: 0.65 SAW: 0.14\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInclusion\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIEC Grade II\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 576px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStandard Quartz Wafer Specifications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eQuartz Crystal Orientation\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eY, X, Z, AT or ST cut. The cut angle can be rotated to any value in the in the range of 30\u003cspan\u003e deg \u003c\/span\u003e ~ 42.75 deg upon request.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/quartz_cut_angle_480x480.png?v=1572454689\" alt=\"quartz crystal cut angle\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrimary flat: orientation specified by customer Secondary Flat: orientation specified by customer.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSeed: located in the center with width \u0026lt; 5mm and height \u0026gt; 66mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePolished surface\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEpi-ready polished on one side or two sides to Ra \u0026lt; 1 nm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWorking Area: Wafer diameter minus 3 mm (edge exclusion)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBOW: \u0026lt; 20 um for 3\" wafer and 30 um for 4\" wafer\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo chips out on the working area. At the edge, chip width \u0026lt; 0.5 mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePits and scratches: \u0026lt; 3 per wafer or \u0026lt; 20 per 100 wafers\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStandard Thickness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.5 mm +\/- 0.05 mm TTV \u0026lt; 5 µm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStandard Diameter\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003edia. 2 inch (50.8mm )\u003c\/u\u003e \u003cu\u003ediam. \u003c\/u\u003e \u003cu\u003e3 inch (76.2mm\u003c\/u\u003e) \u003cu\u003edia. \u003c\/u\u003e\u003cu\u003e4 inch (100mm)\u003c\/u\u003e +\/-0.2 mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrimary Flat: 22 +\/- 1.5 mm (dia. 3¨ ) 32 +\/- 3.0 mm ( dia. 4¨ )\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSecondary Flat: 10 mm +\/-1.5 mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduction Capacity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 337px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;1,000 wafers per month\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCustomized products are available upon request.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Z-cut (001) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":16991569860,"sku":"SU2001","price":19.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Z-cut (001) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Sides Polished (DSP)","offer_id":23073826504762,"sku":"SU2002","price":26.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Z-cut (001) \/ 25 mm x 25 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":23073826537530,"sku":"SU2003","price":73.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Z-cut (001) \/ 25 mm x 25 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Sides Polished (DSP)","offer_id":23073826570298,"sku":"SU2004","price":81.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Z-cut (001) \/ 2\" dia. x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":23073826603066,"sku":"SU2005","price":83.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Z-cut (001) \/ 2\" dia. x 0.5 mm \/ Double Sides Polished (DSP)","offer_id":23073826635834,"sku":"SU2006","price":94.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Z-cut (001) \/ 3\" dia. x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":23073826668602,"sku":"SU2007","price":118.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Z-cut (001) \/ 3\" dia. x 0.5 mm \/ Double Sides Polished (DSP)","offer_id":23073826701370,"sku":"SU2008","price":129.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Z-cut (001) \/ 4\" dia. x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":23073826734138,"sku":"SU2009","price":153.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Z-cut (001) \/ 4\" dia. x 0.5 mm \/ Double Sides Polished (DSP)","offer_id":23073826766906,"sku":"SU2010","price":163.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"X-cut \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":31007636357178,"sku":"SU2016","price":20.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"X-cut \/ 2\" dia. x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":31007638716474,"sku":"SU2012","price":99.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"X-cut \/ 2\" dia. x 0.5 mm \/ Double Sides Polished (DSP)","offer_id":31007639601210,"sku":"SU2017","price":104.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Y-cut \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":31007636586554,"sku":"SU2015","price":20.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"ST-cut \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ 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Please contact our scientists and engineers to discuss your specific requirements for lithium tantalate crystal and substrate products.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCrystal orientations available: \u003c\/strong\u003eZ-cut, X-cut, Y-cut\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTypical product sizes available\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBulk crystals\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eup to 4 inch diameter and 50 mm thick\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCrystal substrates \/ wafers (single side or double side polished)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10 x 10 x 0.5 mm \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2 inch diameter x 0.5mm thick\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4 inch diameter x 0.5mm thick\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOther sizes are available upon request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"352\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaterial Identifiers\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eCAS Number\u003c\/u\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e12031-66-2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eECHA InfoCard\u003c\/u\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e100.031.584\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003ePubChem \u003c\/u\u003eCID\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e159405\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eRTECS number\u003c\/u\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWW55470000\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProperties\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eChemical formula\u003c\/u\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLiTaO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eMolar mass\u003c\/u\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e235.887 g\/mol\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eDensity\u003c\/u\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7.46 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e, solid\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eMelting point\u003c\/u\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1,650°C (3,000°F; 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We also offer polycrystalline spinel optical windows.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMain Parameters\u003c\/strong\u003e:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/spinel_window_technical_data_large.png?v=1548961824\" alt=\"spinel window technical data\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCrystal Structure\u003c\/strong\u003e: Cubic\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLattice parameter:\u003c\/strong\u003e a = 8.085 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMelting point (°\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e):\u003c\/strong\u003e 2130°C\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDensity:\u003c\/strong\u003e 3.64 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHardness:\u003c\/strong\u003e 8 Mohs\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAvailable orientations:\u003c\/strong\u003e (100), (111), (110) or poly-crystals\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMiscut:\u003c\/strong\u003e +\/-0.5 degree\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSizes:\u003c\/strong\u003e 1 inch (25mm) diameter, or 10x10x0.5mm, 10x5x0.5mm, other sizes are available upon request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePolishing:\u003c\/strong\u003e Single side polished (SSP) or double side polished (DSP).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient (TEC):\u003c\/strong\u003e 7.45 x 10\u003csup\u003e-6 \u003c\/sup\u003e\/K\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePackage: \u003c\/strong\u003ePacked with class 100 bags in class 1000 clean room.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e Our substrate may have very few scattering spots.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm, SSP, (100)","offer_id":22603198365754,"sku":"SU0613","price":48.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm, DSP, (100)","offer_id":22603199381562,"sku":"SU0603","price":59.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm, SSP, (111)","offer_id":32141431046202,"sku":"SU0614","price":112.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm, DSP, (111)","offer_id":32141436518458,"sku":"SU0628","price":96.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm, SSP, (110)","offer_id":32141437567034,"sku":"SU0626","price":70.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm, DSP, (110)","offer_id":32141438386234,"sku":"SU0627","price":73.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/097_MSE_PRO_MgAl_sub_2_sub_O_sub_4_sub_Magnesium_Aluminate_Spinel_Crystal_Substrates_2f23457353.jpg?v=1777608600"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-laser-diode-grade-2-inch-fe-doped-semi-insulating-gallium-nitride-single-crystal-c-plane-0001","title":"MSE PRO Laser Diode Grade 2 inch Fe-doped Semi-insulating Gallium Nitride Single Crystal C plane (0001)","description":"\u003cmeta content=\"IE=11.0000\" http-equiv=\"X-UA-Compatible\"\u003e\u003c!-- Header hook for plugins ================================================== --\u003e\n\u003cscript src=\"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/javascripts\/shopify_stats.js?v=6\" type=\"text\/javascript\" async=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e\n\u003cscript\u003e\/\/ \u003c![CDATA[\nvar Shopify = Shopify || {};\n      Shopify.shop = \"pandaeagle.myshopify.com\";\n      Shopify.theme = {\"name\":\"Supply\",\"id\":8952913,\"theme_store_id\":679,\"role\":\"main\"};\n\/\/ ]]\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e\n\u003cscript id=\"__st\"\u003e\/\/ \u003c![CDATA[\nvar __st={\"a\":7162167,\"offset\":-25200,\"reqid\":\"b939fbb3-2ea8-4163-8291-50a2d12f2759\",\"pageurl\":\"pandaeagle.myshopify.com\/collections\/frontpage\/products\/semi-insulating-free-standing-gan-substrate-size-10mm-x-10-0mm\",\"s\":\"products-384611941\",\"t\":\"lead\",\"u\":\"9aeda1251edc\",\"p\":\"product\",\"rtyp\":\"product\",\"rid\":384611941};\n\/\/ ]]\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e\n\u003cscript\u003e\/\/ \u003c![CDATA[\n(function() {\n        var s = document.createElement('script'); 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} body { position:relative;}\n--\u003e\u003c\/style\u003e\n\u003c!-- [if lt IE 9]\u003e\n\u003cscript src=\"\/\/html5shiv.googlecode.com\/svn\/trunk\/html5.js\" type=\"text\/javascript\"\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e\u003cscript src=\"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0716\/2167\/t\/2\/assets\/respond.min.js?102\" type=\"text\/javascript\"\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e\u003clink href=\"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0716\/2167\/t\/2\/assets\/respond-proxy.html\" id=\"respond-proxy\" rel=\"respond-proxy\"\u003e\u003clink href=\"\/\/pandaeagle.myshopify.com\/search?q=41b484d1ad683232ac9ac3b615a8a8ea\" id=\"respond-redirect\" rel=\"respond-redirect\"\u003e\u003cscript src=\"\/\/pandaeagle.myshopify.com\/search?q=41b484d1ad683232ac9ac3b615a8a8ea\" type=\"text\/javascript\"\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e\u003c![endif]--\u003e\n\u003cscript src=\"\/\/ajax.googleapis.com\/ajax\/libs\/jquery\/1.11.0\/jquery.min.js\" type=\"text\/javascript\"\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e\n\u003cscript src=\"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0716\/2167\/t\/2\/assets\/modernizr.min.js?102\" type=\"text\/javascript\"\u003e\u003c\/script\u003e\n\u003cmain class=\"wrapper main-content\" role=\"main\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"grid\" itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/Product\" itemscope=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"grid-item large--three-fifths\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\u003cstrong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003eFree-standing GaN substrate, C plane (0001), semi-insulating, size 2 inch Diameter\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003eConductivity type\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003e: semi-insulating, Single side polish\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDoping:\u003c\/strong\u003e Fe-doped (iron doping)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePlease contact us for discounted rates when you order a larger quantity.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDimension:\u003c\/strong\u003e 2 inch, or 50.8 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eThickness:\u003c\/strong\u003e 350 +\/- 25 u\u003cspan\u003em\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eUsable area:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt;90%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOrientation:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cspan\u003eC-plane (0001) off angle toward M-\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ea\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003exis \u0026lt;\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1-100\u0026gt; 0.35 deg+\/- 0.15 deg\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTotal Thickness Variation: \u0026lt;\u003c\/strong\u003e15 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBow: \u0026lt;\u003c\/strong\u003e20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResistivity (300K)\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u0026gt; 10^6 Ohm-\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eFe-doping concentration: \u003c\/strong\u003e~ 3\u003cspan\u003e × 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e18\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e cm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e−\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDislocation Density:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026lt; 9 x 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e cm\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePolishing: \u003c\/strong\u003eFront surface: Ra \u0026lt;0.5 nm, epi-ready, double side polished available per request\u003c!--0.2--\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePackage: \u003c\/strong\u003epackaged in a class 100 clean room environment, in single wafer container, under nitrogen atmosphere.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c!--0.2--\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRelated Reference\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Blue InGaN\/GaN laser diodes grown on (33\u003cimg class=\"section_image\" src=\"https:\/\/wol-prod-cdn.literatumonline.com\/cms\/attachment\/cd783ad8-b0b1-467c-96cb-f49a4169fcf9\/tex2gif-ueqn-1.gif\"\u003e) free-standing GaN substrates\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca class=\"epub-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pssc.201001012\"\u003ehttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pssc.201001012\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.Review: \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.jsap.or.jp\/jsapi\/Pdf\/Number01\/Vol-1_Cutting%20Edge.pdf\" ping=\"\/url?sa=t\u0026amp;source=web\u0026amp;rct=j\u0026amp;url=https:\/\/www.jsap.or.jp\/jsapi\/Pdf\/Number01\/Vol-1_Cutting%2520Edge.pdf\u0026amp;ved=0ahUKEwjbxaOk1__bAhXGITQIHVXIALwQFghMMAU\"\u003eInGaN-BASED LASER DIODES\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/main\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41420245336122,"sku":"WA0239","price":5441.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/Round_6b580ed5-180c-47d1-aabf-2f52d9b274cd.png?v=1752254900"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-10-mm-x-10-5-mm-ge-doped-n-type-gallium-nitride-single-crystal-c-plane-0001","title":"MSE PRO 10 mm x 10.5 mm Ge-doped N-type Gallium Nitride Single Crystal C plane (0001)","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e10 mm x 10.5 mm, Ge-doped, N-type, Free-standing Gallium Nitride (GaN) single Crystal, C plane (0001)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMSE Supplies offers premium quality GaN crystal substrates with low dislocation density (on the order of 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e \/cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e) and uniform surface with no periodic defects. These high quality GaN crystals have an usable area of more than 90%.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe offer the best price on the market for high quality GaN crystal substrates. Customers from all over the world have trusted MSE Supplies as their preferred supplier of GaN crystal substrates.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\u003cstrong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003eFree-standing GaN substrate, C plane (0001), N-type, size 10 mm x 10.5 mm \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003eConductivity type\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003e: Ge-doped\u003cstrong\u003e,\u003c\/strong\u003e N-type\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003eSingle side polished (SSP)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003eProduct #: WA0215\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDimension:\u003c\/strong\u003e 10.0 mm x 10.5 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eThickness:\u003c\/strong\u003e 350 +\/- 25 u\u003cspan\u003em\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eUsable area:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt;90%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOrientation:\u003c\/strong\u003e C-plane (0001) off angle toward M-axis \u0026lt;1-100\u0026gt; 0.35 deg+\/- 0.15 deg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTotal Thickness Variation: \u0026lt; \u003c\/strong\u003e15 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBow: \u0026lt; \u003c\/strong\u003e20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResistivity (300K)\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u0026lt;0.05\u003csup\u003e \u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\" mce-data-marked=\"1\"\u003eOhm-\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCarrier Concentration:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e1e18cm\u003csup\u003e-3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMobility:\u003c\/strong\u003e 220 cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\/V*s\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDislocation Density:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cspan\u003e5x10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e cm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2 \u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e~ 3x10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e cm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2 \u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePolishing: \u003c\/strong\u003eGa face polish.\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003eFront surface: Ra \u0026lt;0.2 nm, epi-ready, double side polished available upon request\u003c!--0.2--\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePackage: \u003c\/strong\u003epackaged in a class 100 clean room environment, in single wafer container, under nitrogen atmosphere.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c!--0.2--\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRelated references: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e1. Ge doped GaN with controllable high carrier concentration for plasmonic applications\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.4848555\"\u003ehttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.4848555\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.osapublishing.org\/DirectPDFAccess\/508FE558-9021-D78B-1E09C0D050299314_366728\/ome-7-6-1995.pdf?da=1\u0026amp;id=366728\u0026amp;seq=0\u0026amp;mobile=no\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eYellow and green luminescence in single-crystal Ge-catalyzed GaN nanowires grown by low pressure chemical vapor deposition\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Germanium the superior dopant in n-type GaN\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pssr.201510278\" class=\"epub-doi\"\u003ehttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pssr.201510278\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":23760388751418,"sku":"WA0215","price":509.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/102_MSE_PRO_10_mm_x_10_5_mm_Ge-doped_N-type_Gallium_Nitride_Single_Crystal_C_plane_0_b1aae084ff.jpg?v=1777608774"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-ndgao-sub-3-sub-neodymium-gallate-crystal-substrate","title":"MSE PRO NdGaO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e Neodymium Gallate Crystal Substrate","description":"\u003ctable style=\"width: 542px;\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 538px;\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMain Parameters\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 134px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eCrystal structure\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 404px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eorthorhombic Pnma space group, Perovskite structured\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 134px;\"\u003eGrowth method\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 404px;\"\u003eCzochralski\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 134px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eUnit cell constants\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 404px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ea=5.43, b=5.50, c=7.71\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 134px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eMelting point\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 404px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e1600~1873K\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 134px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eDensity\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 404px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e7.57 g\/cm\u003csup data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 134px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eDielectric constant\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 404px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e25\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 134px;\"\u003eLoss tangent\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 404px;\"\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003e3x10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 134px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eHardness\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 404px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e5.9 Mohs\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 134px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSize\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 404px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e5x5 mm, 10x10 mm, customized sizes are available upon request\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 134px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eThickness\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 404px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e0.5mm, 1.0mm\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 134px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ePolishing\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 404px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSingle or double side polished\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 134px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eCrystal orientation\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 404px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e(001), (100), (110), (011)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 134px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eOrientation precision\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 404px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e+\/-0.5°\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 134px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSurface Roughness Ra:\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 404px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u0026lt; 0.5 nm (5µm x 5µm area)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 134px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ePackage\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 404px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSealed in a class 100 clean bag packed in class 1000 clean room\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAbout NdGaO3 Neodymium Gallate Crystal\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNdGaO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e crystal is a new single-crystal substrate material developed in recent years. NdGaO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003esubstrates are mainly used for high-temperature superconductors (YBCO) and magnetic Epitaxial films growth, becauseNdGaO\u003csub\u003e3 \u003c\/sub\u003eand YBCO have small lattice mismatch (~0.27%), and no structural phase change at the crystal interface.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"(001) \/ 5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204164300858,"sku":"SU3701","price":160.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(001) \/ 5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204164333626,"sku":"SU3702","price":182.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(001) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204164366394,"sku":"SU3703","price":296.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(001) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204164399162,"sku":"SU3704","price":318.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204164431930,"sku":"SU3705","price":160.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204164464698,"sku":"SU3706","price":182.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204164497466,"sku":"SU3707","price":296.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204164530234,"sku":"SU3708","price":318.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204164563002,"sku":"SU3709","price":105.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204164595770,"sku":"SU3710","price":116.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204164628538,"sku":"SU3711","price":296.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204164661306,"sku":"SU3712","price":318.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(011) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204164694074,"sku":"SU3715","price":296.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(011) \/ 10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204164726842,"sku":"SU3716","price":318.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(011) \/ 5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204164759610,"sku":"SU3713","price":160.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(011) \/ 5 mm x 5 mm x 0.5 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204164792378,"sku":"SU3714","price":160.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/105_MSE_PRO_NdGaO_sub_3_sub_Neodymium_Gallate_Crystal_Substrate_1398ca3b60.jpg?v=1777608811"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-monolayer-graphene-on-4-in-sio-sub-2-sub-si-wafer","title":"MSE PRO Monolayer Graphene on 4 in SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\/Si Wafer","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003cb\u003eMonolayer Graphene on \u003cspan\u003eSiO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\/Si (4\" Wafer) - Fully Covered\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur monolayer graphene on SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\/Si (4\" Wafer, fully covered) is a two dimensional (2D) material produced by CVD process and transferred to a circular substrate of Si\/SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e (300nm) by a wet transfer process. We consider it to be a benchmark product in the graphene market - not only for its excellent quality, but also for its shape, size and number of applications.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSKU# ME0619\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMONOLAYER GRAPHENE FILM\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTransparency: \u0026gt; 97 %\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCoverage: \u0026gt; 98%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness (theoretical): 0.345 nm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFET Electron Mobility on Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e: 2000 cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\/Vs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHall Electron Mobility on SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\/Si: 4000 cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\/Vs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSheet Resistance: 450 +\/- 40 Ohms\/sq (1cm x1cm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrain size: Up to 20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSUBSTRATE SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\/Si\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDry Oxide Thickness: 300 nm (+\/- 5%)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eType\/Dopant: P\/B\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: \u0026lt;100\u0026gt;\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResistivity: 1-10 ohm-cm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 675 +\/- 20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFront surface: Single Side Polished\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBack Surface: Etched\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParticles: \u0026lt;10 @0.3 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eQUALITY CONTROL\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll our samples are subjected to a rigorous QC in order to ensure a high quality and reproducibility of the graphene. Each batch must pass the following tests:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRaman Spectroscopy: I(G)\/I(2D)\u0026lt;0.7; I(D)\/I(G)\u0026lt;0.05\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOptical Microscopy inspection of each individual sample to ensure good transfer quality and purity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAPPLICATIONS OF MONOLAYER GRAPHENE FILM\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGraphene research, Graphene transistors and electronic applications, Graphene optoelectronics, plasmonics and nanophotonics, Graphene photodetectors (measure photon flux or optical power), Biosensors and bioelectronics, Aerospace industry (electronics, thermal interface materials, etc.), MEMS and NEMS\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePUBLICATIONS\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\"\u003c\/span\u003e\u003ca title=\"Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene\" href=\"http:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/321\/5887\/385\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMeasurement of the elastic properties and intrinsic strength of monolayer graphene\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan\u003e,\" (\u003c\/span\u003e\u003ca title=\"Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene\" href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Jeffrey_Kysar\/publication\/51410262_Measurement_of_the_Elastic_Properties_and_Intrinsic_Strength_of_Monolayer_Graphene\/links\/02e7e5251d6cf54dc2000000.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003edownload PDF\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan\u003e) C Lee, X Wei, JW Kysar, J Hone, Science 18 Jul 2008: Vol. 321, Issue 5887, pp. 385-388, DOI: 10.1126\/science.1157996 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRecent advances in graphene-based biosensors, 2011; doi: 10.1016\/j.bios.2011.05.039. Optical nano-imaging of gate-tunable graphene plasmons, Nature 487, 77-81 (05 July 2012), vol. 487, page 77, doi: 10.1038\/nature11254\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\"Graphene Frequency Multipliers\", Electron Device Letters, IEEE, vol. 30, Issue:5; doi: 10.1109\/LED.2009.2016443\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMSE Supplies guarantees the high quality and best price on the market for our graphene products. Buying graphene products from MSE Supplies will save you ~50% or more compared to prices listed by other re-sellers such as \u003cem\u003eSigma-Aldrich\u003c\/em\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":32860866639,"sku":"ME0619","price":1513.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/116_MSE_PRO_Monolayer_Graphene_on_4_in_SiO_sub_2_sub_Si_Wafer_924c686e2a.jpg?v=1777608949"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-4-in-monolayer-graphene-film-on-500um-quartz-substrate","title":"MSE PRO 4 in Monolayer Graphene Film on 500um Quartz Substrate","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003cb\u003eDescription for 4 in Monolayer Graphene Film on 500um Quartz Substrate\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"preg\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"panel show\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"tab-switch__content\" data-content=\"desc\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"contenido\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGrown by CVD on copper foil and transferred to quartz using wet transfer process\u003c\/span\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSKU# ME0621\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cb\u003eGraphene FILM Features\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"col\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTransparency: \u0026gt; 97%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCoverage: \u0026gt; 98%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness (theorical): 0.345 nm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFET Electron Mobility on \u003cspan\u003eAl\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan\u003eO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e: 2000 cm2\/Vs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFET Electron Mobility on \u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSiO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\/Si: 4000 cm2\/Vs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSheet Resistance:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e360+\/-30\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eOhms\/sq (1cm x 1cm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrain size: Up to 20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"col\"\u003e\n\u003cb\u003eQuartz Substrate\u003c\/b\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 500 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFlatness; Bow: 20 um, Warp: 30 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRoughness: 6nm (on the polished side)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolished: Double side\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"col\"\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eQuality Control\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll our samples are subjected to a rigorous QC in order to ensure a high quality and reproducibility of the graphene.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRaman Spectroscopy: I(G)\/I(2D)\u0026lt;0.5; I(D)\/I(G)\u0026lt;0.05\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOptical Microscopy inspection of each individual sample to ensure good transfer quality and purity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf your application requires more specific controls (AFM, SEM...) please do not hesitate to contact us.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"col\"\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApplications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFlexible displays, ITO replacement, Graphene research\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"texto\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"tcol\"\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003ePublications\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePhotoexcitation cascade and multiple hot-carrier generation in graphene,\u003cbr\u003eNature Physics 2013, vol.9, page 248 -252; doi: 10.1038\/nphys2564\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\"Graphene Position Paper\", Nanonewsletter, December 2011\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"tcol\"\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cb\u003eFREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"preg\"\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"accordion active\"\u003eQ: How to cut the wafer (to cleave it) if you are planning to cleave the wafer once the graphene is already transferred\u003c\/button\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"panel show\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA: It has to be done in a dry way. Two alternatives: 1) Use a diamond pen to cleave it, but then you can have some debris on the graphene due to the Si wafer cleavage 2) In order to protect it from the debris, you can cleave it using a protective layer such as the PMMA on top of graphene. After cut it with a diamond pen remove the PMMA with solvents. In this case, we can provide you the sample with the PMMA already on top.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"accordion active\"\u003eQ: Additional cleaning is needed when I receive the Graphene?\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"panel show\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA: Usually additional cleaning process is not needed to obtain good electronics results using our graphene directly. If additional cleaning is needed a \"thermal annealing\" can be applied, typically at 350-400°C under inert atmosphere for 30mins but this recipe depends on the annealing oven to be used.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"accordion active\"\u003eQ: What are the values measured for the electron mobility in the Graphene layer?\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"panel show\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA: The electron mobility values depend heavily on the method used to determine them but typical Hall mobility values for our graphene samples are around 2000-2700 cm^2\/Vs with very good uniformity. These mobility values apply to your samples as well since they were manufactured using the same methods (recipe, transfer, etc.).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMSE Supplies guarantees the high quality and best price on the market for our graphene products. Buying graphene products from MSE Supplies will \u003cstrong\u003esave you ~50% or more\u003c\/strong\u003e compared to prices listed by other re-sellers such as Sigma-Aldrich.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"preg\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"panel show\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"preg\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"panel show\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"preg\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"panel show\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":33332486479,"sku":"ME0621","price":1044.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/126_MSE_PRO_4_in_Monolayer_Graphene_Film_on_500um_Quartz_Substrate_3454da2554.jpg?v=1777609072"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-4-in-monolayer-graphene-film-on-250-um-pet-substrate","title":"MSE PRO 4 in Monolayer Graphene Film on 250 um PET Substrate","description":"\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003cb\u003eMonolayer Graphene Film on PET Substrate (4\" Wafer)\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"tab-switch__content\" data-content=\"desc\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"contenido\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur monolayer graphene on 4 inch PET (4\" wafer, fully covered) is produced by CVD and transferred to a circular substrate of PET (250 um thickness) by a wet transfer process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIts quality, shape, size and applications make it a benchmark product in the graphene market.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSKU# ME0610\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGraphene Film 4 in Wafer\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"col\" style=\"background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #585858; font-family: \u0026amp;quot; helveticaneue\u0026amp;quot;,\u0026amp;quot;helvetica neue\u0026amp;quot;,helvetica,arial,sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;\"\u003e\n\u003cul style=\"box-sizing: border-box; list-style-image: none; list-style-position: outside; list-style-type: disc; padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 15px 20px;\"\u003e\n\u003cli style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 6px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eTransparency: \u0026gt; 97%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 6px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eCoverage: \u0026gt; 98%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 6px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eThickness (theorical): 0.345 nm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFET Electron Mobility on\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAl\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan\u003eO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e: 6900 cm2\/Vs\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFET Electron Mobility on\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSiO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\/Si: 37600 cm2\/Vs\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 6px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eSheet Resistance: 580+\/-50 \u003cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eOhms\/sq (1cm x 1cm)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 6px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eGrain size: Up to 20 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003ePet Substrate\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"col\" style=\"background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #585858; font-family: \u0026amp;quot; helveticaneue\u0026amp;quot;,\u0026amp;quot;helvetica neue\u0026amp;quot;,helvetica,arial,sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;\"\u003e\n\u003cul style=\"box-sizing: border-box; list-style-image: none; list-style-position: outside; list-style-type: disc; padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 15px 20px;\"\u003e\n\u003cli style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 6px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eThickness: 250 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eQuality Control\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"col\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll our samples are subjected to a rigorous QC in order to ensure a high quality and reproducibility of the graphene.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRaman Spectroscopy: I(G)\/I(2D)\u0026lt;0.5; I(D)\/I(G)\u0026lt;0.05\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOptical Microscopy inspection of each individual sample to ensure good transfer quality and purity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf your application requires more specific controls (AFM, SEM...) please do not hesitate to contact us.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApplications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"col\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFlexible displays for Organic Solar Cells, OLEDs, Opto Electronic Devices, ITO Replacement, Graphene Research\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePublications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"texto\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"tcol\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh Efficiency Graphene solar Cells by Chemical Doping, Nano Letters Publications; May 3, 2012, 12 (6), pp 2745-2750; doi: 10.1021\/nl204414u\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eContinuous, Highly Flexible, and Transparent Graphene Films by CVD for Organic Photovoltaics, ACS Nano Publications, 2010, 4 (5), pp 2865-2873, doi: 10.1021\/nn901587x\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThree dimensional graphene foam based transparent conductive electrodes in GaN based blue light-emitting diodes, Applied Physics Letters, 2013, Vol. 102, Issue 16, 161902 (2013); doi: 10.1063\/1.4801763\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"tcol\"\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cb\u003eFAQs\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"preg\"\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"accordion active\"\u003eQ: How to cut the wafer (to cleave it) if you are planning to cleave the wafer once the graphene is already transferred\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"panel show\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA: It has to be done in a dry way. Two alternatives: 1) Use a diamond pen to cleave it, but then you can have some debris on the graphene due to the Si wafer cleavage 2) In order to protect it from the debris, you can cleave it using a protective layer such as the PMMA on top of graphene. After cut it with a diamond pen remove the PMMA with solvents. In this case, we can provide you the sample with the PMMA already on top.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"accordion active\"\u003eQ: Additional cleaning is needed when I receive the Graphene?\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"panel show\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA: Usually additional cleaning process is not needed to obtain good electronics results using our graphene directly. If additional cleaning is needed a \"thermal annealing\" can be applied, typically at 350-400°C under inert atmosphere for 30mins but this recipe depends on the annealing oven to be used.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"accordion active\"\u003eQ: What are the values measured for the electron mobility in the Graphene layer?\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"panel show\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA: The electron mobility values depend heavily on the method used to determine them but typical Hall mobility values for our graphene samples are around 2000-2700 cm^2\/Vs with very good uniformity. These mobility values apply to your samples as well since they were manufactured using the same methods (recipe, transfer, etc.).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMSE Supplies guarantees the high quality and best price on the market for our graphene products. Buying graphene products from MSE Supplies will \u003cem\u003esave you ~50% or more\u003c\/em\u003e compared to prices listed by other re-sellers such as \u003cem\u003eSigma-Aldrich\u003c\/em\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":33332507343,"sku":"ME0610","price":1044.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/127_MSE_PRO_4_in_Monolayer_Graphene_Film_on_250_um_PET_Substrate_bd1f2a7253.jpg?v=1777609084"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-25-mm-x-25-mm-monolayer-graphene-film-on-250um-pet-substrate","title":"MSE PRO 25 mm x 25 mm Monolayer Graphene Film on 250um PET Substrate","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eDescription of Monolayer Graphene on PET (25 mm x 25 mm)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"tab-switch__content\" data-content=\"desc\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"contenido\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eGrown by CVD on copper foil and transferred to polyethylene terephthalate polymer (PET) using wet transfer process.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eSKU# ME0609\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eGraphene Film Features\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"col\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"col\" style=\"background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #585858; font-family: \u0026amp;quot; helveticaneue\u0026amp;quot;,\u0026amp;quot;helvetica neue\u0026amp;quot;,helvetica,arial,sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;\"\u003e\n\u003cul style=\"box-sizing: border-box; list-style-image: none; list-style-position: outside; list-style-type: disc; padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 15px 20px;\"\u003e\n\u003cli style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 6px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eTransparency: \u0026gt; 97%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 6px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eCoverage: \u0026gt; 98%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 6px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eThickness (theorical): 0.345 nm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 6px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eFET Electron Mobility on \u003cspan\u003eAl\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan\u003eO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e: 6900 cm2\/Vs\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 6px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eFET Electron Mobility on \u003cspan\u003eSiO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\/Si: 37600 cm2\/Vs\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 6px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eSheet Resistance: 580+\/-50 \u003cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eOhms\/sq (1cm x 1cm)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 6px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eGrain size: Up to 20 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003ePet Substrate\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"col\" style=\"background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #585858; font-family: \u0026amp;quot; helveticaneue\u0026amp;quot;,\u0026amp;quot;helvetica neue\u0026amp;quot;,helvetica,arial,sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;\"\u003e\n\u003cul style=\"box-sizing: border-box; list-style-image: none; list-style-position: outside; list-style-type: disc; padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 15px 20px;\"\u003e\n\u003cli style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 6px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eThickness: 250 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eQuality Control\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"col\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eAll our samples are subjected to a rigorous QC in order to ensure a high quality and reproducibility of the graphene.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eRaman Spectroscopy: I(G)\/I(2D)\u0026lt;0.5; I(D)\/I(G)\u0026lt;0.05\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eOptical Microscopy inspection of each individual sample to ensure good transfer quality and purity\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eIf your application requires more specific controls (AFM, SEM...) please do not hesitate to contact us.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApplications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"col\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eFlexible displays, ITO replacement, Graphene research, OLEDs\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePublications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"texto\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"tcol\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eFlexible solid state lithium batteries based on graphene inks¨«\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eJ. Mater. Chem., 2011,21, 9762-9767 doi: 10.1039\/C1JM10826C\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eEnabling Graphene Oxide Nanosheets as Water Separation Membranes¨«\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eEnviron. Sci. Technol., 2013, 47 (8), pp 3715-3723; doi: 10.1021\/es40057g\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eGraphene Oxide for effective radionuclide removal¨«\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003ePhys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2013, 15, 2321-2327; doi: 10.1039\/C2CP44593J\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"tcol\"\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eFAQs\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"preg\"\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003e\u003cbutton class=\"accordion active\"\u003eQ: How to cut the wafer (to cleave it) if you are planning to cleave the wafer once the graphene is already transferred\u003c\/button\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"panel show\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eA: It has to be done in a dry way. Two alternatives: 1) Use a diamond pen to cleave it, but then you can have some debris on the graphene due to the Si wafer cleavage 2) In order to protect it from the debris, you can cleave it using a protective layer such as the PMMA on top of graphene. After cut it with a diamond pen remove the PMMA with solvents. In this case, we can provide you the sample with the PMMA already on top.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003e \u003cbutton class=\"accordion active\"\u003eQ: Additional cleaning is needed when I receive the Graphene?\u003c\/button\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"panel show\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eA: Usually additional cleaning process is not needed to obtain good electronics results using our graphene directly. If additional cleaning is needed a \"thermal annealing\" can be applied, typically at 350-400°C under inert atmosphere for 30mins but this recipe depends on the annealing oven to be used.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003e \u003cbutton class=\"accordion active\"\u003eQ: What are the values measured for the electron mobility in the Graphene layer?\u003c\/button\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"panel show\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eA: The electron mobility values depend heavily on the method used to determine them but typical Hall mobility values for our graphene samples are around 2000-2700 cm^2\/Vs with very good uniformity. These mobility values apply to your samples as well since they were manufactured using the same methods (recipe, transfer, etc.).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003eMSE Supplies guarantees the high quality and best price on the market for our graphene products. Buying graphene products from MSE Supplies will \u003cem\u003esave you ~50% or more\u003c\/em\u003e compared to prices listed by other re-sellers such as \u003cem\u003eSigma-Aldrich\u003c\/em\u003e. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/eu.graphenea.com\/pages\/frequently-asked-questions\" style=\"color: #000000;\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"izq\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":33337983823,"sku":"ME0609","price":317.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/129_MSE_PRO_25_mm_x_25_mm_Monolayer_Graphene_Film_on_250um_PET_Substrate_c14ed71260.jpg?v=1777609108"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-graphene-film-on-custom-substrates","title":"MSE PRO Graphene Film on Custom Substrates","description":"\u003cp style=\"background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: \u0026amp;quot; helvetica neue\u0026amp;quot;,helvetica,arial,sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21px; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 15px 0px;\"\u003e\u003cb style=\"line-height: 21px; margin: 0px;\"\u003eGraphene Film on Custom Substrates\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"contenido\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: #000000; cursor: text; font-family: \u0026amp;quot; helvetica neue\u0026amp;quot;,helvetica,arial,sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 22.5px; min-height: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"line-height: 21px; margin: 0px 0px 15px 0px;\"\u003eGraphene film on custom substrates. This is a custom made graphene film product. We can provide custom substrates or use customer provided substrates, and then use our innovative method to transfer the graphene monolayer on top of it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"tab-switch__content\" data-content=\"desc\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGRAPHENE FILM\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"contenido\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"col\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e Growth Method: CVD synthesis\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTransfer Method: Wet transfer method\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAppearance (Color): Transparent\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTransparency \u0026gt;97%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAppearance (Form): Film\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCoverage \u0026gt;98%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNumber of graphene layers:up to 3 layers\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness (theoretical) 0.345 nm (one layer)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFET mobility on \u003cspan\u003eAl\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan\u003eO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e 2800 cm2\/Vs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHall mobility on \u003cspan\u003eSiO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\/Si: 3500 cm2\/Vs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSheet Resistance on \u003cspan\u003eSiO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\/Si: 450 +\/- 40 Ohms\/sq (1cm x1cm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrain size: Up to 20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"col\"\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\n\u003ca title=\"crystal substrates for growing monolayer graphene films\" href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/collections\/single-crystal-materials\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eSUBSTRATE MATERIALS\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e (MSE Supplies is a leading global supplier of crystal substrates from A to Z)\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlN\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAg (silver) mirror\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCaF\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGold (Au)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGraphite\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGaN\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLiNbO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMirror\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePatterned Si\/SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePEN polymer\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolyurethane\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePET polymer\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePVDF\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRu\/Ti\/Si wafer\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSilicon wafer\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSapphire wafer\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePatterned ITO glass\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePatterned FTO glass\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTEC FTO glass substrate\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e on SrTiO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSiN membrane\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNaF\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGermanium (Ge)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTa\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e5\u003c\/sub\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSi\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003eN\u003csub\u003e4\u003c\/sub\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAu\/Ti lithographic\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarkers\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBN\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMo glass\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUV\/fused silica\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolyimide\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuartz\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSilicon\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSilicon carbide (SiC)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOther substrate materials\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cb\u003eQUALITY CONTROL\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll our samples are subjected to a rigorous QC in order to ensure a high quality and reproducibility of the graphene.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRaman Spectroscopy: I(G)\/I(2D)\u0026lt;0.5; I(D)\/I(G)\u0026lt;0.05\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOptical Microscopy inspection of each individual sample to ensure good transfer quality and purity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf your application requires more specific controls (AFM, SEM...) please do not hesitate to contact us.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"texto\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"tcol\"\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003ePUBLICATIONS\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWater Desalination across Nanoporous Graphene, ACS Publications, Nano Lett., 2012, 12 (7), pp 3602-3608; doi: 10.1021\/nl3012853\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSelective Molecular Transport through Intrinsic Defects in a Single Layer of CVD Graphene, ACS Nano Publications, 2012, 6 (11), pp 10130-10138; doi: 10.1021\/nn303869m\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGraphene\/Polymer Nanocomposites, Macromolecules, 2010, 43 (16), pp 6515-6530; doi: 10.1021\/ma100572e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"preg\"\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cb\u003eFREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"accordion active\"\u003eQ-Do you clean the substrates I send with your own cleaning method before adding graphene, or do I need to clean them myself?\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"panel show\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA-It is preferable to send the substrates as clean as possible, in order to have a good adhesion between the graphene and the substrate.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"accordion active\"\u003eQ- Do you cover only 1 side of the substrate with graphene, or are both sides (including the edges) covered?\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"panel show\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA- The transferred graphene sheet totally covers one side of the substrate.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":33338015695,"sku":"CS100","price":0.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/130_MSE_PRO_Graphene_Film_on_Custom_Substrates_fd1f9c016c.jpg?v=1777609120"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-batio-sub-3-sub-bto-barium-titanate-crystal-substrates","title":"MSE PRO BaTiO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e BTO Barium Titanate Crystal Substrates","description":"\u003cp\u003eHigh quality BTO crystal substrates from MSE Supplies are trusted by \u003cspan\u003ethe \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)\u003c\/strong\u003e and many other well-known research labs and companies worldwide. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/MSE-BaTiO3-Crystal-SDS.pdf?v=1602882393\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/SDS_button_50x50.png?v=1598279051\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" border=\"1\" style=\"width: 532px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" colspan=\"2\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 528px;\"\u003e\n\u003cb\u003e\u003cb\u003eMain Parameters of \u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBaTiO\u003csub\u003e3 \u003c\/sub\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cb\u003eBTO Barium Titanate Crystal Substrates\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 165.8px;\"\u003eChemical formula\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 362.2px;\"\u003eBaTiO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 165.8px;\"\u003eCAS number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 362.2px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e12047-27-7\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 165.8px;\"\u003eMolecule mass (g\/mol)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 362.2px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e233.192\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 165.8px;\"\u003eCrystal structure\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 362.2px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eTetragonal\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 165.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eCrystal growth method\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 362.2px;\"\u003eCzochralski method (Cz), top seeded solution method\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 165.8px;\"\u003eDomains\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 362.2px;\"\u003eMulti-domains\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 165.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eUnit cell constant\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 362.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ea=3.995 Å\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 165.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eMelt point (°C)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 362.2px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1,625 °C (2,957 °F, 1,898 K)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 25px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 25px; width: 165.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eDensity (g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 25px; width: 362.2px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e6.02\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 165.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eHardness (Mohs)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 362.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e6-6.5\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 25px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 25px; width: 165.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eThermal expansion coefficient (\/K)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 25px; width: 362.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e9.4 x 10\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 165.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eDielectric constants\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 362.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003ee\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003ea\u003c\/sub\u003e = 3700, \u003cspan\u003ee\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003ec\u003c\/sub\u003e = 135 (unclamped)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003ee\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003ea\u003c\/sub\u003e = 2400, \u003cspan\u003ee\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e c\u003c\/sub\u003e = 60 (clamped)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 165.8px;\"\u003eBand gap\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 362.2px;\"\u003e3.2 eV (at 300 K)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 165.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eChemical stability\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 362.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eInsoluble in water\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 165.8px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eTransmission wavelength\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 362.2px;\"\u003e0.43-6.3um\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 165.8px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eRefractive index\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 362.2px;\"\u003eno = 2.412, ne = 2.360\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 44px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 44px; width: 165.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSize\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 44px; width: 362.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e5x5m, 10x5m, 10x10mm, 15x15mm, 20x15mm\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSpecial sizes and orientations are available upon request\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 165.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eThickness\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 362.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e0.5mm, 1.0mm\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 165.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSize tolerances\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 362.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u0026lt;+\/-0.1mm\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 165.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eThickness tolerances\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 362.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u0026lt;+\/-0.015 mm special in \u0026lt; +\/-0.005 mm\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 165.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ePolishing\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 362.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eSingle side polished (SSP) or double side polished (DSP), substrate grade\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 165.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eCrystal orientation\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 362.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e(100), (110), (111), (001)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 22px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 165.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ePack\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"height: 22px; width: 362.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ePacking in class 1000 clean room with class 100 grade plastic bag\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecial Shipping Requirements: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen BTO substrates are below 13 \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e°C\u003c\/span\u003e, the phase transformation can lead to shattering of the BTO substrates. A battery thermal box must be added to the order to keep BTO substrates above 13 degrees Celsius. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/products\/battery-thermal-box-for-shipping-and-storage-of-batio3-crystal-substrates?variant=31352091607098\"\u003eProduct: Battery thermal box for shipping and storage of BaTiO3 crystal substrates\u003c\/a\u003e, \u003c\/strong\u003eSKU# CA0201, Price: $150 USD\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eApplications of Barium Titanate (\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eBaTiO\u003csub data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e)\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBarium titanate is a piezoelectric material used in microphones and other transducers. The spontaneous polarization of barium titanate single crystals at room temperature is 0.26 C\/m\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e, and its Curie temperature is between 120 and 130 °C. Current \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eBaTiO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e crystals are grown with the Czochralski process, which produces high purity crystals that have a large spontaneous polarization and a high Curie temperature (120 - 130 degrees Celsius).\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBarium titanate crystals are used in nonlinear optics. The material has high beam-coupling gain, and can be operated at visible and near-infrared wavelengths. It has the highest reflectivity of the materials used for self-pumped phase conjugation (SPPC) applications. It can be used for continuous-wave four-wave mixing with milliwatt-range optical power. For photorefractive applications, barium titanate can be doped by various other elements, e.g. iron.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThin films of barium titanate display electrooptic modulation to frequencies over 40 GHz.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe pyroelectric and ferroelectric properties of barium titanate are used in some types of uncooled sensors for thermal cameras.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMagnetoelectric effect of giant strengths have been reported in thin films grown on barium titanate substrates.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDielectric constants of \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eBaTiO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e crystals.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/BTO_crystal_dielectric_constant_480x480.png?v=1583826877\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6028\/jres.125.013\" title=\"Microscale Mapping of Structure and Stress in Barium Titanate\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMicroscale Mapping of Structure and Stress in Barium Titanate\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e, Jane A. Howell, Mark D. Vaudin, Lawrence H. Friedman, and Robert F. Cook, Volume 125, Article No. 125013 (2020), Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/nist-logo_5_240x240.jpg?v=1595980543\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eScientists from the \u003cstrong\u003eNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)\u003c\/strong\u003e published a new research paper using the BaTiO3 single crystal substrates supplied by MSE Supplies.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e The sample for all experiments here was a BaTiO\u003csub data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e single crystal formed by the top seeded solution growth method (\u003cspan style=\"background-color: #ffff00;\"\u003eMSE Supplies\u003c\/span\u003e, Tucson, AZ)\u003c\/strong\u003e and used in previous strain and rotation studies of bundled domains [12, 13].1 The as-received sample was a plate, 5 mm × 5 mm × 1 mm, and nominally [100] × [010] × [001], electrically poled such that the majority of the sample was a single c domain, i.e., a domain with c axis perpendicular to the large faces. A single large face of the sample as received was prepared by chemical-mechanical polishing. An additional polishing step using colloidal silica for 5 min was performed on this face.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/BTO_crystal_substrate_surface_by_NIST.jpg?v=1595980422\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"(100) \/ 5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204160729146,"sku":"SU0521","price":384.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204160761914,"sku":"SU0520","price":439.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204160794682,"sku":"SU0519","price":857.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204160827450,"sku":"SU0522","price":923.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204160860218,"sku":"SU0529","price":384.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204160892986,"sku":"SU0530","price":439.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204160925754,"sku":"SU0532","price":824.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204160958522,"sku":"SU0537","price":791.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(001) \/ 5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204160991290,"sku":"SU0509","price":490.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(001) \/ 5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204161024058,"sku":"SU0510","price":549.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(001) \/ 10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204161056826,"sku":"SU0502","price":985.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(001) \/ 10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204161089594,"sku":"SU0505","price":1095.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204161122362,"sku":"SU0527","price":490.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 5mm x 5mm x 0.5mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204161155130,"sku":"SU0528","price":549.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204161187898,"sku":"SU0533","price":985.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 10mm x 10mm x 0.5mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204161220666,"sku":"SU0535","price":1095.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 5mm x 5mm x 1.0mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204161253434,"sku":"SU0538","price":415.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 5mm x 5mm x 1.0mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204161286202,"sku":"SU0539","price":483.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 5mm x 5mm x 1.0mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204161318970,"sku":"SU0526","price":538.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(001) \/ 5mm x 5mm x 1.0mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204161351738,"sku":"SU0534","price":538.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(001) \/ 10mm x10mm x1.0 mm \/ Single Side Polished (SSP)","offer_id":40204161384506,"sku":"SU0531","price":853.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(100) \/ 10mm x10mm x1.0 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40204161417274,"sku":"SU0536","price":1044.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(001) \/ 10mm x10mm x1.0 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40988966092858,"sku":"SU0541","price":1049.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(111) \/ 10mm x10mm x1.0 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40988967567418,"sku":"SU0542","price":1539.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"(110) \/ 10mm x10mm x1.0 mm \/ Double Side Polished (DSP)","offer_id":40988967960634,"sku":"SU0543","price":1249.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/136_MSE_PRO_BaTiO_sub_3_sub_BTO_Barium_Titanate_Crystal_Substrates_2cb06f2e2f.jpg?v=1777609193"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-5-x-10-mm-m-plane-1-100-undoped-n-type-free-standing-gallium-nitride-single-crystal","title":"MSE PRO 5 x 10 mm M plane (1-100) Undoped N-type Free Standing Gallium Nitride Single Crystal","description":"\u003cdiv\u003eProduct #: WA0217\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOrientation: M plane (1-100) \u003c\/strong\u003eoff angle toward C-axis -1 +\/- 0.2 deg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eConductivity type\u003c\/strong\u003e: N-type undoped\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDimension:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cspan\u003e5.0 mm x 10 mm +\/- 0.2 mm\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eThickness:\u003c\/strong\u003e 350 +\/- 25 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eUsable area:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt; 90%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTotal Thickness Variation: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u0026lt;15 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBow: \u0026lt;\u003c\/strong\u003e20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResistivity (300K)\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u0026lt;0.5 Ohm.cm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCarrier Concentration: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e1e17cm\u003csup\u003e-3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMobility:\u003c\/strong\u003e 500 cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\/(V*s)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDislocation Density:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026lt; 5x10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e cm\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePolishing: \u003c\/strong\u003efront surface Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm. Epi-ready polished. back surface fine ground.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePackage: \u003c\/strong\u003epackaged in a class 100 clean room environment, in single wafer containers, under nitrogen atmosphere.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRelated References\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1. GaN grown in polar and non-polar directions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003ehttp:\/\/www.wat.edu.pl\/review\/optor\/12(4)339.PDF\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003eIn this paper, defects formed in GaN grown by different methods are reviewed. Thin GaN films were grown on c-, m-, and a-planes on a number of substrates and typical defects as characterized by transmission electron microscopy are described. For polar epilayers grown on c-plane sapphire the typical defects are dislocations (edge, screw and mixed). The lowest dislocation density was obtained for homoepitaxial growth using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) or hydride vapour phase epitaxy (HVPE). In these cases, the core structure of screw dislocations were studied in detail. In both cases, the cores are full. In the layers grown by HVPE the dislocations are decorated by pinholes stacked on top of each other. These pinholes are empty inside and their formation is attributed to impurities (oxygen) present in these layers. In these layers Ga-rich cores have been found. These were not observed in the layers grown by MBE on the top of the HVPE templates. Epilayers grown in non-polar directions (m- or a-plane) have a high density of planar defects (stacking faults) terminated by partial dislocations. Only low energy faults were found. The majority of these faults are formed at the interface with the substrate and propagate to the sample surface.\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003e2. \u003cstrong\u003eGaN \u003cspan class=\"aps-inline-formula\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML\" tabindex=\"0\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-1\" class=\"mjx-math\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-2\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-3\" class=\"mjx-mi\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I\"\u003em\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e-plane: Atomic structure, surface bands, and optical response\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003ehttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevB.91.035302\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"NLM_paragraph\"\u003eDensity-functional-theory calculations are combined with many-body perturbation theory in order to elucidate the geometry, electronic, and optical properties of the \u003cspan class=\"aps-inline-formula\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MathJax-Element-2-Frame\" class=\"mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML\" tabindex=\"0\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-4\" class=\"mjx-math\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-5\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-6\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-7\" class=\"mjx-mi\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I\"\u003ew\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-8\" class=\"mjx-mi\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I\"\u003ez\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-9\" class=\"mjx-mo MJXc-space2\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-10\" class=\"mjx-mi MJXc-space2\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\"\u003eGaN\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-11\" class=\"mjx-mo\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-size1-R\"\u003e(\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-12\" class=\"mjx-mn\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\"\u003e1\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-16\" class=\"mjx-mn\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\"\u003e00\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e) surface, i.e., the so-called \u003cspan class=\"aps-inline-formula\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MathJax-Element-3-Frame\" class=\"mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML\" tabindex=\"0\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-17\" class=\"mjx-math\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-18\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"MJXc-Node-19\" class=\"mjx-mi\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I\"\u003em\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e-plane. The optical absorption and reflection anisotropy related to electronic transitions between surface states are identified by comparison with measured data covering transition energies from 2.4 up to 5.4 eV. Our results show a surface relaxation mechanism consistent with the electron counting rule that causes a moderate buckling of the GaN surface dimers and gives rise to two distinct surface states: The doubly occupied N dangling bonds form a surface band that is resonant with the GaN valence-band edge at the center of the Brillouin zone, whereas the empty Ga dangling bonds occur within the GaN band gap closely following the dispersion of the conduction-band edge. These two states contribute strongly to the formation of surface excitons that redshift the optical absorption with respect to the bulk optical response. The surface optical absorption i.e., the excitonic onset below the bulk band gap followed by a broad absorption band at higher energies related to the dispersion of the surface band structure, is calculated in agreement with the experimental data.\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41420242452538,"sku":"WA0217","price":722.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/152_MSE_PRO_5_x_10_mm_M_plane_1-100_Undoped_N-type_Free_Standing_Gallium_Nitride_Sin_a28e962527.jpg?v=1777609376"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-zinc-oxide-zno-nanoparticles-30nm-50nm-90nm-nano-powders-99-9-purity","title":"MSE PRO Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles, 30nm, 50nm, 90nm nano powders, \u003e99.9% Purity","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eZinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles, 30nm, 50nm, 90nm nano powders, \u0026gt;99.9% Purity\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCAS No. 1314-13-2\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eZinc Oxide Nanoparticles Features:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe product has excellent property of anti-UV, anti-bacterial, and is widely used in the field of coatings, inks, paints, cosmetics, and plastics to improve their brightness, strength, heat resistance, wear resistance, etc.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNano Zinc Oxide Powder Specifications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003ctable align=\"center\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eProduct #\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003ePO0504\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePO0505\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePO0506\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003eAverage particle size (nm)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e30\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e50\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e90\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAppearance\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWhite powder\u003c\/span\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWhite powder\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWhite powder\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePurity %\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;9\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e9.9\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e9\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.9\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003eLoss on drying %\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;0.5\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;0.5\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;0.5\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eLoss on burning %\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;3\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;3\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;3\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eContent of Pb in the form of PbO %\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e0.0001\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e0.0001\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e0.0001\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eContent of Mn in the form of MnO %\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e0.0001\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e0.0001\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e0.0001\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e Content of Cu in the form of CuO %\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e0.0002\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e0.0002\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e0.0002\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p0\"\u003e \u003cstrong\u003eZinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles Applications:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe product can be used in the field of rubber, chemical and oil industry, zinc ceramic, car tires, cable industry, and aircraft tires.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe product can be used in the field of coating, painting, plastic to improve the property of strength, compactness,brightness,adhesive and smoothness.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe product can be used on anti-bacterial agents and odor-removing material, medical health, textile antibacterial agents.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe product can be used on ceramics and sunscreen to do the function of anti-bacterial, gather, anti-aging, whiten and moisten the skin\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe product can be used on electronic industry, instrument industry, radio, electronic parts, EIB devices,image recorder, fluorescence,\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe product can be used in the field of textile to improve property of anti-UV,absorbing infrared ray,anti-bacterial,warm.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe product can be used in the field of military-industry to absorbing infrared ray.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"500g \/ 30 nm","offer_id":43121903951,"sku":"PO0504","price":175.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"500g \/ 50 nm","offer_id":31570580570170,"sku":"PO0505","price":164.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"500g \/ 90 nm","offer_id":31570581258298,"sku":"PO0506","price":153.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/155_MSE_PRO_Zinc_Oxide_ZnO_Nanoparticles_30nm_50nm_90nm_nano_powders_99_9_Purity_a160a13025.jpg?v=1777609412"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-1l-1-000-ml-teflon-planetary-ball-mill-grinding-jar","title":"MSE PRO 1L (1,000 ml) Teflon Planetary Ball Mill Grinding Jar","description":"\u003ch2\u003eDescription of Teflon\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ePlanetary Ball Mill Grinding Jars\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePTFE \/ Teflon milling\/grinding jars are non-sticky.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTeflon grinding jars have been widely used because of the minimal contamination and easy-to-clean benefits.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEach jar set includes the grinding jar, lid, silicone sealing gasket.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMilling media sold separately\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/collections\/ptfe-teflon-roller-mill-jars\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTeflon Roller Mill Grinding Jars\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan\u003e are also available. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ctable data-mce-fragment=\"1\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 167.07px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eProduct #\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 153.562px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eVolume (ml)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 191.867px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003ePrice (USD)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 167.07px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eJA0709\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 153.562px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e50\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 191.867px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e215\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 167.07px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eJA0701\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 153.562px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e100\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 191.867px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e279\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 167.07px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eJA0705\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 153.562px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e250\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 191.867px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e409\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 167.07px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eJA0710\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 153.562px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e500\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 191.867px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e545\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 167.07px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eJA0703\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 153.562px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e1,000\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 191.867px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e875\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 167.07px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eJA0712\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 153.562px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e1,500\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 191.867px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e1495\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 167.07px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eJA0706\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 153.562px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e2,000\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 191.867px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e1755\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 167.07px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eJA0704\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 153.562px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e2,500\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 191.867px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e1695\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 167.07px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eJA0708\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 153.562px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e3,000\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 191.867px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e1865\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 167.07px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eJA0707\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 153.562px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e4,000\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 191.867px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e2195\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 167.07px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eJA0711\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 153.562px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e5,000\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 191.867px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e2529\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 167.07px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eJA0702\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 153.562px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e10,000\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"width: 191.867px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e3075\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFeatures of Teflon Planetary Ball Mill Grinding Jars\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eProduct Number: JA0703\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMaterial: PTFE \/Teflon\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eJar Volume: 1,000 ml (1 L)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDensity: 2.14 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eShape: Cylindrical\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDimension: Outer diameter 133 mm, Inner diameter 109.5 mm,               \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHeight 148 mm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eColor: White\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAbrasion Resistance: Very good\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAccessories\u003cspan\u003e: Lid and silicone sealing gasket\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGrind Balls: Mixed Zirconia balls (should be ordered separately)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSuitable for: Caustic, abrasive samples\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChoice of Grinding Jars \u0026amp; Grinding Balls\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eIn order to prevent excessive abrasion, the hardness of the grinding jars used and of the grinding balls must be higher than that of the material used. Normally, grinding jars and grinding balls of the same material should be chosen.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrinding Jar Ball Configurations\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" class=\"aliDataTable\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 263px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGrinding Jar Volume\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 55px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e100ml\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 65px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e250ml\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 55px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e500ml\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1000ml\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 263px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCompatible Ball Weight\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 55px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e84g\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 65px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e210g\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 55px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e420g\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e840g\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 263px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e5mm zirconia balls (0.39 g\/pc)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 55px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e65 pcs \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 65px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e162 pcs \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 55px;\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 263px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10mm zirconia balls (3.17 g\/pc)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 55px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e16 pcs \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 65px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e40 pcs\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 55px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e40 pcs \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e80 pcs \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 263px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e15mm zirconia balls (10.71 g\/pc)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 55px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1 pc\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 65px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e2 pcs\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 55px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e24 pcs\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e47 pcs\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 263px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e20mm zirconia balls (25.39 g\/pc)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 55px;\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 65px;\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 55px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e2 pcs\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4 pcs\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThese values are recommendations for general use, the number of balls should be determined experimentally if necessary.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":22470049628218,"sku":"JA0703","price":963.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/180_MSE_PRO_1L_1_000_ml_Teflon_Planetary_Ball_Mill_Grinding_Jar_eaec856e2d.jpg?v=1777609723"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-50-ml-stainless-steel-planetary-milling-jar-with-media-304-grade","title":"MSE PRO 50 ml Stainless Steel Planetary Milling Jar with Media - 304 Grade","description":"\u003ch1\u003eSpecifications for Stainless Steel Grinding Jar with Milling Media\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrade 304 is the most widely used austenite steel, also known as 18\/8 for its composition of 18% chromium and 8% nickel. 304 may be referred to as A2 stainless (not to be confused with A2 grade steel, also named Tool steel, a steel).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe grinding jars are extensively applied to in the fields of Metallurgy, Electronics, Construction Material, Ceramics, Chemical Engineering, Light Industry, Medicine, Environmental Protection, Paint, Ink, geology and so on.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEach jar set includes grinding jar, jar lid, rubber sealing gasket\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote: Other types of stainless steel are available upon request: 316 SS or 316L for food and pharmaceutical applications, contact us today. \u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFeatures of Stainless Steel Grinding Jar with Milling Media\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eItem No.: JA0303\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMaterial: stainless steel (Fe-Cr-Ni)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGrinding Jar Volume: 50 ml\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eInner Diameter: 38mm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eOuter Diameter: 48 mm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHeight: 54 mm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMax Loading Capacity: 2\/3 capacity of the grinding jar\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eShape: cylindrical\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDensity: 8.0 g\/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMain Chemical Compositions: Fe (70.6~67.4%), Cr (17~19%), Ni (8~10%)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHardness: 187 HB\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAttachments: lid \u0026amp; silicone sealing gasket\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGrinding Balls: stainless steel balls (should be ordered separately)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGrinding Ball Diameters: 3\/5\/8\/10\/15\/20\/25\/30mm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAbrasion Resistance: fairly good\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSuitable for: medium-hard, brittle samples\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cspan\u003eChoice of Grinding Jars \u0026amp; Grinding Balls\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eIn order to prevent excessive abrasion, the hardness of the grinding jars used and of the grinding balls must be higher than that of the material used. Normally, grinding jars and grinding balls of the same material should be chosen.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/h4\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":22470320717882,"sku":"JA0303","price":318.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/215_MSE_PRO_50_ml_Stainless_Steel_Planetary_Milling_Jar_with_Media_-_304_Grade_c0fbe79d0b.jpg?v=1777610153"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-1-in-x-1-in-monolayer-graphene-film-on-500um-quartz-substrate","title":"MSE PRO 1 in x 1 in Monolayer Graphene Film on 500um Quartz Substrate","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003cb\u003eDescription for 1 in x 1 in Monolayer Graphene Film on 500um Quartz Substrate\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"tab-switch__content\" data-content=\"desc\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"contenido\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"preg\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"panel show\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"tab-switch__content\" data-content=\"desc\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"contenido\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGrown by CVD on copper foil and transferred to quartz using wet transfer process\u003c\/span\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2015-08-graphene-hydrophobic-hydrophilic.html\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eContrary to widely-held beliefs, graphene's hydrophobicity is strongly thickness-dependent, with single-layer graphene being significantly more hydrophilic than its thicker counterparts (click on this link for more information)\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSKU# ME0601\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cb\u003eGraphene FILM Features\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"col\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTransparency: \u0026gt; 97%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCoverage: \u0026gt; 98%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness (theorical): 0.345 nm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFET Electron Mobility on Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e: 2000 cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\/Vs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFET Electron Mobility on SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\/Si: 4000 cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\/Vs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSheet Resistance: \u003cspan\u003e360 +\/- 30\u003c\/span\u003e Ohms\/sq (1cm x 1cm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrain size: Up to 20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"col\"\u003e\n\u003cb\u003eQuartz Substrate\u003c\/b\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 500 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFlatness; Bow: 20 um, Warp: 30 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRoughness: 6 (on the polished side)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolished: Double side\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"clear\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"col\"\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #444444;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"background-color: transparent; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;\"\u003eMSE Supplies guarantees the high quality and best price on the market for our graphene products. Buying graphene products from MSE Supplies will \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"background-color: transparent; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003esave you ~50% or more\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"background-color: transparent; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;\"\u003e compared to prices listed by other re-sellers such as Sigma-Aldrich\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"background-color: transparent; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;\"\u003e.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eQuality Control\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll our samples are subjected to a rigorous QC in order to ensure a high quality and reproducibility of the graphene.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRaman Spectroscopy: I(G)\/I(2D)\u0026lt;0.5; I(D)\/I(G)\u0026lt;0.05\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOptical Microscopy inspection of each individual sample to ensure good transfer quality and purity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf your application requires more specific controls (AFM, SEM...) please do not hesitate to contact us.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"col\"\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApplications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFlexible displays, ITO replacement, Graphene research\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"clear\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"texto\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"tcol\"\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003ePublications\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePhotoexcitation cascade and multiple hot-carrier generation in graphene. Nature Physics 2013, vol.9, page 248 -252; doi: 10.1038\/nphys2564\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\"Graphene Position Paper\", Nanonewsletter, December 2011\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"tcol\"\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cb\u003eFREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"preg\"\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"accordion active\"\u003eQ: How to cut the wafer (to cleave it) if you are planning to cleave the wafer once the graphene is already transferred\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"panel show\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA: It has to be done in a dry way. Two alternatives: 1) Use a diamond pen to cleave it, but then you can have some debris on the graphene due to the Si wafer cleavage 2) In order to protect it from the debris, you can cleave it using a protective layer such as the PMMA on top of graphene. After cut it with a diamond pen remove the PMMA with solvents. In this case, we can provide you the sample with the PMMA already on top.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"accordion active\"\u003eQ: Additional cleaning is needed when I receive the Graphene?\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"panel show\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA: Usually additional cleaning process is not needed to obtain good electronics results using our graphene directly. If additional cleaning is needed a \"thermal annealing\" can be applied, typically at 350-400°C under inert atmosphere for 30mins but this recipe depends on the annealing oven to be used.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"accordion active\"\u003eQ: What are the values measured for the electron mobility in the Graphene layer?\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"panel show\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA: The electron mobility values depend heavily on the method used to determine them but typical Hall mobility values for our graphene samples are around 2000-2700 cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\/Vs with very good uniformity. These mobility values apply to your samples as well since they were manufactured using the same methods (recipe, transfer, etc.).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":2157650935823,"sku":"ME0601","price":326.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/316_MSE_PRO_1_in_x_1_in_Monolayer_Graphene_Film_on_500um_Quartz_Substrate_628d38ae4d.jpg?v=1777611433"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-0-7-mm-100-ohm-sq-ito-coated-glass-substrate","title":"MSE PRO 0.7 mm 100 Ohm\/Sq ITO Coated Glass Substrate","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDescription of \u003c\/strong\u003e100 Ohm\/sq Indium Doped Tin Oxide Glass Substrate 0.7 mm\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e100 Ohm\/sq, 0.7 mm thickness ITO Glass Substrate, Indium Doped Tin Oxide (In-SnO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e or ITO) coated glass, can customize conductive film patterns as required.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor FTO substrates, please click\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/collections\/photovoltaics-solar-cells\" title=\"FTO Substrates\"\u003ehere\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/blogs\/news\/ito-indium-tin-oxide-1\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eClick here for publications using our products\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eFree Samples\u003c\/em\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003eare available upon request for preliminary testing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eITO Patterns can be custom made based on customer requirements. We can offer double-sided ITO glass upon \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/pages\/contact-us-page\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003erequest\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGlass: NSG Soda Lime Glass (SLG)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGlass Transition Temperature: 564°C (1,047°F )\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 1\" x 1\" (25.4 mm x 25.4 mm), 2\" x 2\", 4\" x 4\", or can be customized.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpecial Patterns: can be customized according to customer provided drawings.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEtching Capability:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eLaser etching, wet etching for detailed patterns.  Both techniques have a resolution of +\/- 50um.\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSheet resistance: 7 ohm\/sq, 10 ohm\/sq, 15 ohm\/sq, 30 ~ 60\u003cspan\u003e ohm\/sq\u003c\/span\u003e, 100 ohm\/sq\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGlass thickness: 0.7 mm is standard, other thickness can be customized\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTransmittance: \u0026gt;87%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical RMS \u0026lt; 5 nm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"661\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\" width=\"661\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003etechnical information and specifications of ITO coated soda lime glass\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"114\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eSpecification (Ohm\/sq)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"165\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eSheet Resistance  (Ohm\/sq)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"243\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eVisible Light Transmittance  (%)*\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"139\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThickness  of  ITO Film\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e500\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"165\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≤500\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≥90\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"139\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e120ű 30Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e150\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"165\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≤150\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"243\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≥87. 0\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"139\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e150ű 30Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e125\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"165\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≤125\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"243\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≥87. 0\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"139\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e200ű30Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e100\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"165\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≤100\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"243\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≥87. 0\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"139\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e230ű 50Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e80\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"165\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≤80\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"243\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≥86. 0\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"139\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e300ű5oÅ\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e60\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"165\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≤60\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"243\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≥85. 0\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"139\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e350ű 50Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e50\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"165\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≤50\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"243\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≥84. 0\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"139\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e400ű 50Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e40\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"165\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≤40\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"243\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≥85. 0\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"139\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e500ű 100Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e30\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"165\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≤30\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"243\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≥80. 0\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"139\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e650ű 100Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e20\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"165\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≤20\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"243\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≥85. 0\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"139\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e950ű 100Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e15\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"165\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≤15\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"243\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≥85. 0\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"139\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e1350ű 150Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e10\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"165\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≤10\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"243\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≥84. 0\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"139\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e1850ű 200Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e6\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"165\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≤7\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"243\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≥80. 0\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"139\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e2200ű 300Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e5\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"165\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≤5\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"243\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e≥77. 0\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"139\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e3500ű 300Å\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\" width=\"661\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e* Transmission will vary slightly depending on thickness of the glass substrate\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"595\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"6\" width=\"866\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eITO conductive glass substrates\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"125\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGrade (ohm\/sq)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"126\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSize L x W (mm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"125\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThickness (mm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"117\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMinimum of Order\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrices of non-etched ($\/sheet)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrices of etched Patterns ($\/sheet)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"125\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e100\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"126\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10X10\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"125\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"117\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e100 sheets\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.39\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/pages\/contact-us\"\u003eContact Us\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"125\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e100\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"126\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25x25\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"125\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"117\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e100 sheets\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5.10\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/pages\/contact-us\"\u003eContact Us\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"125\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e100\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"126\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e50x50\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"125\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"117\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e50 sheets\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8.95\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/pages\/contact-us\"\u003eContact Us\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"125\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e100\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"126\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e100x100\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"125\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"117\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25 sheets\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e18.90\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"187\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/pages\/contact-us\"\u003eContact Us\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApplications 100 Ohm\/sq Indium Doped Tin Oxide Glass Substrate 0.7 mm:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIndium tin oxide (ITO) is one of the most widely used transparent conducting oxides (TCO) because of its two main properties, its electrical conductivity and optical transparency. ITO can also be easily deposited on a substrate as a thin film. High quality sputtered Indium Doped Tin Oxide (ITO) films can be used as electrodes for photovoltaic\/solar cells, LCD display, electrochemical deposition, capacitors, Infrared detection applications.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustomer Testimonials 100 Ohm\/sq Indium Doped Tin Oxide Glass Substrate 0.7 mm:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCarlos Biaou, a PhD student at UC Berkeley worked with MSE Supplies to fabricate several hundred customized ITO and FTO substrates for his thesis research, and he had a very positive feedback on the products and services he received from MSE Supplies.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cem\u003e\"The uniformity of the ITO and FTO layers were excellent, and the custom pattern I ordered was well formed.\" \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cem\u003e\"The variation in size from substrate to substrate is within the margins of errors I needed, so that's great too.\" \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cem\u003e\"I appreciate the great customer service and diligence you've shown in customizing my substrates.\" \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Selma Duhovi from MIT has used the ITO and FTO substrates\u003cspan\u003e provided by \u003c\/span\u003eMSE Supplies for smart glass application, and has been very satisfied with the products and services provided by MSE Supplies.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003e\"The FTO and ITO glass slides you sent me work GREAT!\"\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003e\"The substrates work really well for smart glass application.\"\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003e\"The experiments have gone well!\" \u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTypical Academia Customers at MSE Supplies:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eNREL, UC Berkeley, UCLA, Caltech, MIT, Yale, University of Michigan, Cornell, University of Chicago, State University of New York (SUNY), McMaster Univ., National Physical Laboratory (NPL), etc.\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"10mm x 10mm x 0.7 mm 100 PC\/PK","offer_id":7474127732794,"sku":"GL0327","price":373.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25mm x 25mm x 0.7mm, 100 PC\/PK","offer_id":7474127765562,"sku":"GL0328","price":523.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50mm x 50mm x 0.7mm, 50 PC\/PK","offer_id":7474127798330,"sku":"GL0329","price":492.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100mm x 100mm x 0.7mm, 25 PC\/PK","offer_id":7474127831098,"sku":"GL0330","price":520.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/324_MSE_PRO_0_7_mm_100_Ohm_Sq_ITO_Coated_Glass_Substrate_9e476be334.jpg?v=1777611520"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-2-inch-ito-coated-sapphire-wafer-dsp-10-ohm-sq","title":"MSE PRO 2 inch ITO Coated Sapphire Wafer DSP 10 Ohm\/Sq","description":"\u003ch2\u003e~10 Ohm\/sq sheet resistance, ITO coated 2 inch Sapphire Substrate, Indium Doped Tin Oxide (In-SnO2 or ITO) Coated Sapphire\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor customized products, \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/pages\/contact-us\" title=\"contact us\"\u003eplease contact\u003c\/a\u003e us.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSapphire Substrate: 2 inch Sapphire wafer, C-plane (0001), thickness: 300 microns, double side polished (DSP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eITO Thickness: 280 nm +\/- 10 nm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eITO film surface roughness \u0026lt; 2 nm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimensions: 2 inch diameter (50.8 mm) x 300 um thickness\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpecial Patterns: can be customized according to customer provided drawings.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSheet Resistance: 10 +\/- 2 ohm\/sq\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTransmittance: \u0026gt;84%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApplications for ~10 Ohm\/sq ITO Coated Sapphire Wafer\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIndium tin oxide (ITO) is one of the most widely used transparent conducting oxides (TCO) because of its two main properties, its electrical conductivity and optical transparency. ITO can also be easily deposited on a substrate as a thin film. High quality sputtered Indium Doped Tin Oxide (ITO) films can be used as electrodes for photovoltaic\/solar cells, LCD display, electrochemical deposition, capacitors, Infrared detection applications.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustomer Testimonials\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCarlos Biaou, a PhD student at UC Berkeley worked with \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/collections\/photovoltaics-solar-cells\"\u003eMSE Supplies\u003c\/a\u003e to fabricate several hundred customized \u003ca title=\"customized ITO and FTO substrates\" href=\"http:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/collections\/photovoltaics-solar-cells\"\u003eITO and FTO substrates\u003c\/a\u003e for his thesis research, and he had a very positive feedback on the products and services he received from \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/collections\/photovoltaics-solar-cells\"\u003eMSE Supplies\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cem\u003e\"The uniformity of the ITO and FTO layers were excellent, and the custom pattern I ordered was well formed.\" \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cem\u003e\"The variation in size from substrate to substrate is within the margins of errors I needed, so that's great too.\" \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cem\u003e\"I appreciate the great customer service and diligence you've shown in customizing my substrates.\" \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Selma Duhovi from \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/web.mit.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003eMIT\u003c\/a\u003e has used the \u003ca title=\"customized ITO and FTO substrates\" href=\"http:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/collections\/photovoltaics-solar-cells\"\u003eITO and FTO substrates\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan\u003e provided by \u003c\/span\u003eMSE Supplies for smart glass application, and has been very satisfied with the products and services provided by MSE Supplies.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003e\"The FTO and ITO glass slides you sent me work GREAT!\"\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003e\"The substrates work really well for smart glass application.\"\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003e\"The experiments have gone well!\" \u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTypical Academia Customers\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eNREL, UC Berkeley, UCLA, Caltech, MIT, Yale, University of Michigan, Cornell, University of Chicago, State University of New York (SUNY), McMaster Univ., National Physical Laboratory (NPL), etc.\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":13907641204794,"sku":"WA0416","price":219.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/327_MSE_PRO_2_inch_ITO_Coated_Sapphire_Wafer_DSP_10_Ohm_Sq_3af501b4ea.jpg?v=1777611546"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-monolayer-graphene-on-6-in-sio-sub-2-sub-si-wafer","title":"MSE PRO Monolayer Graphene on 6 in SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\/Si Wafer","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003cb\u003eMonolayer Graphene on \u003cspan\u003eSiO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\/Si (6\" Wafer) - Fully Covered\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur monolayer graphene on SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\/Si (6 inch wafer, fully covered) is a two-dimensional material produced by CVD process and transferred to a circular substrate of Si\/SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e (90nm) by a wet transfer process. We consider it to be a benchmark product in the graphene market - not only for its excellent quality, but also for its shape, size and number of applications.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSKU# ME0614\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMONOLAYER GRAPHENE FILM\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTransparency: \u0026gt; 97 %\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCoverage: \u0026gt; 98%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness (theoretical): 0.345 nm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFET Electron Mobility on Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e: 2000 cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\/Vs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHall Electron Mobility on SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\/Si: 4000 cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\/Vs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSheet Resistance: 450 +\/- 40 Ohms\/sq (1cm x1cm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrain size: Up to 20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSUBSTRATE SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\/Si\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDry Oxide Thickness: 90 nm (+\/- 5%)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eType\/Dopant: P\/B\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: \u0026lt;100\u0026gt;\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResistivity: 1-10 ohm-cm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 675 +\/- 20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFront surface: Single Side Polished\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBack Surface: Etched\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParticles: \u0026lt;10 @0.3 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eQUALITY CONTROL\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll our samples are subjected to a rigorous QC in order to ensure a high quality and reproducibility of the graphene. Each batch must pass the following tests:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRaman Spectroscopy: I(G)\/I(2D)\u0026lt;0.7; I(D)\/I(G)\u0026lt;0.05\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOptical Microscopy inspection of each individual sample to ensure good transfer quality and purity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAPPLICATIONS OF MONOLAYER GRAPHENE FILM\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGraphene research, Graphene transistors and electronic applications, Graphene optoelectronics, plasmonics and nanophotonics, Graphene photodetectors (measure photon flux or optical power), Biosensors and bioelectronics, Aerospace industry (electronics, thermal interface materials, etc.), MEMS and NEMS\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePUBLICATIONS\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\"\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/321\/5887\/385\" title=\"Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMeasurement of the elastic properties and intrinsic strength of monolayer graphene\u003c\/a\u003e,\" (\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Jeffrey_Kysar\/publication\/51410262_Measurement_of_the_Elastic_Properties_and_Intrinsic_Strength_of_Monolayer_Graphene\/links\/02e7e5251d6cf54dc2000000.pdf\" title=\"Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene\" target=\"_blank\"\u003edownload PDF\u003c\/a\u003e) C Lee, X Wei, JW Kysar, J Hone, Science 18 Jul 2008: Vol. 321, Issue 5887, pp. 385-388, DOI: 10.1126\/science.1157996\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRecent advances in graphene-based biosensors, 2011; doi: 10.1016\/j.bios.2011.05.039. Optical nano-imaging of gate-tunable graphene plasmons, Nature 487, 77-81 (05 July 2012), vol. 487, page 77, doi: 10.1038\/nature11254\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\"Graphene Frequency Multipliers\", Electron Device Letters, IEEE, vol. 30, Issue:5; doi: 10.1109\/LED.2009.2016443\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMSE Supplies guarantees the high quality and best price on the market for our graphene products. Buying graphene products from MSE Supplies will \u003cem\u003esave you ~50% or more\u003c\/em\u003e compared to prices listed by other re-sellers such as \u003cem\u003eSigma-Aldrich\u003c\/em\u003e. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":15092727283770,"sku":"ME0614","price":1596.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/329_MSE_PRO_Monolayer_Graphene_on_6_in_SiO_sub_2_sub_Si_Wafer_13980f8b83.jpg?v=1777611571"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-10-mm-x-10-5-mm-si-doped-n-type-gallium-nitride-single-crystal-c-plane-0001","title":"MSE PRO 10 mm x 10.5 mm Si-Doped N-Type Gallium Nitride Single Crystal C Plane (0001)","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDescription for 10 mm x 10.5 mm Si-Doped N-Type Gallium Nitride Single Crystal C Plane (0001)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMSE Supplies offers premium quality GaN crystal substrates with low dislocation density (on the order of 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e \/cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e) and uniform surface with no periodic defects. These high quality GaN crystals have an usable area of more than 90%.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe sell directly from the factory, and therefore can offer the best price on the market for high quality GaN crystal substrates. Customers from all over the world have trusted MSE Supplies as their preferred supplier of GaN crystal substrates.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\u003cstrong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003eFree-standing GaN substrate, C plane (0001), N-type, size 10 mm x 10.5 mm \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003eConductivity type\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003e: Si-doped\u003cstrong\u003e,\u003c\/strong\u003e N-type\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003esingle side polished (SSP)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003eProduct #: WA0216\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-description rte\" itemprop=\"description\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension: 10.0 mm x 10.5 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 350 +\/- 25 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsable area: \u0026gt;90%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: C-plane (0001) off angle toward M-axis \u0026lt;1-100\u0026gt; 0.35 deg +\/- 0.15 deg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTotal Thickness Variation: \u0026lt; 15 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBow: \u0026lt; 20 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResistivity (300K): \u0026lt;0.05\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\" mce-data-marked=\"1\"\u003e Ohm-\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCarrier Concentration: 1e18cm\u003csup\u003e-3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMobility: 220 cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\/V*s\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDislocation Density: 5x10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e cm\u003csup\u003e-2 \u003c\/sup\u003e~ 3x10\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e cm\u003csup\u003e-2 \u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolishing: Ga face polish. Front surface: Ra \u0026lt;0.2 nm, epi-ready, double side polished available upon request\u003c!--0.2--\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePackage: packaged in a class 100 clean room environment, in single wafer container, under nitrogen atmosphere.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":23760390357050,"sku":"WA0216","price":508.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/336_MSE_PRO_10_mm_x_10_5_mm_Si-Doped_N-Type_Gallium_Nitride_Single_Crystal_C_Plane_0_7254d957e6.jpg?v=1777611675"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-aluminum-oxide-sputtering-target-al-sub-2-sub-o-sub-3-sub","title":"MSE PRO Aluminum Oxide Sputtering Target Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e","description":"\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications Aluminum Oxide Sputtering Target Features\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003eTo add a Cu Backing Plate with Indium Bonding for Sputtering Targets \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/products\/indium-bonding-service-sputtering-targets?variant=22699211227194\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/products\/indium-bonding-service-sputtering-targets?variant=22699211227194\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/click_here_button_160x160.png?v=1602019942\" style=\"float: none;\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"float: left;\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"tradeshow\" border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"5\" style=\"width: 539px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"bigwhite\" style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003eMaterial Type\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 278px;\"\u003eAluminum Oxide (alpha alumina, sapphire)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"bigwhite\" style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003eSymbol\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 278px;\"\u003eAl\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"bigwhite\" style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 278px;\"\u003e99.99% (4N) or 99.999% (5N)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"bigwhite\" style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003eColor\/Appearance\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 278px;\"\u003eWhite, Crystalline Solid\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"bigwhite\" style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003eMelting Point (°C)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 278px;\"\u003e2,072\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"bigwhite\" style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCoefficient of Thermal Expansion\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 278px;\"\u003e8.1\u003cspan\u003ex 10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\/K\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"bigwhite\" style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003eTheoretical Density (g\/cc)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 278px;\"\u003e3.97\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"bigwhite\" style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003eZ Ratio\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 278px;\"\u003e0.336\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"bigwhite\" style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003eSputter\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 278px;\"\u003eRF-R\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"bigwhite\" style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003eMax Power Density\u003cbr\u003e(Watts\/Square Inch)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 278px;\"\u003e20\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"bigwhite\" style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003eType of Bond\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 278px;\"\u003eIndium\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"bigwhite\" style=\"width: 239px;\"\u003eComments\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 278px;\"\u003eSapphire (alumina) excellent in E-beam; forms smooth, hard films. Thermal evaporation likely not possible.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"1.0\" Dia. x 0.125\" Thick \/ 99.99%","offer_id":22563252764730,"sku":"TA0720","price":379.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1.0\" Dia. x 0.125\" Thick \/ 99.999%","offer_id":40204154404922,"sku":"TA0721","price":415.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1.0\" Dia. x 0.250\" Thick \/ 99.99%","offer_id":22563252863034,"sku":"TA0723","price":404.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1.0\" Dia. x 0.250\" Thick \/ 99.999%","offer_id":40204154437690,"sku":"TA0724","price":460.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"2.0\" Dia. x 0.125\" Thick \/ 99.99%","offer_id":22563252961338,"sku":"TA0726","price":420.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"2.0\" Dia. x 0.125\" Thick \/ 99.999%","offer_id":40204154470458,"sku":"TA0727","price":641.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"2.0\" Dia. x 3mm Thick \/ 99.999%","offer_id":40204154503226,"sku":"TA0727M","price":641.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"2.0\" Dia. x 0.250\" Thick \/ 99.99%","offer_id":22563252568122,"sku":"TA0714","price":413.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"2.0\" Dia. x 0.250\" Thick \/ 99.999%","offer_id":40204154535994,"sku":"TA0715","price":646.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"3.0\" Dia. x 0.125\" Thick \/ 99.99%","offer_id":22563252666426,"sku":"TA0717","price":535.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"3.0\" Dia. x 0.125\" Thick \/ 99.999%","offer_id":40204154568762,"sku":"TA0718","price":747.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"3.0\" Dia. x 0.250\" Thick \/ 99.99%","offer_id":22563253059642,"sku":"TA0729","price":667.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"3.0\" Dia. x 0.250\" Thick \/ 99.999%","offer_id":40204154601530,"sku":"TA0730","price":823.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"4.0\" Dia. x 0.125\" Thick \/ 99.999%","offer_id":40204154634298,"sku":"TA0732","price":1110.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"4.0\" Dia. x 0.250\" Thick \/ 99.999%","offer_id":40204154667066,"sku":"TA0735","price":1127.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25.4 mm Dia. x 3 mm Thick \/ 99.99%","offer_id":32214462824506,"sku":"TA0720M","price":379.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25.4 mm Dia. x 6 mm Thick \/ 99.99%","offer_id":32214463119418,"sku":"TA0723M","price":404.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50.8 mm Dia. x 3 mm Thick \/ 99.99%","offer_id":32214463283258,"sku":"TA0726M","price":420.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50.8 mm Dia. x 6 mm Thick \/ 99.99%","offer_id":32214463316026,"sku":"TA0714M","price":413.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"76.2 mm Dia. x 3 mm Thick \/ 99.99%","offer_id":32214463381562,"sku":"TA0717M","price":535.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"76.2 mm Dia. x 6 mm Thick \/ 99.99%","offer_id":32214463479866,"sku":"TA0729M","price":667.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/431_MSE_PRO_Aluminum_Oxide_Sputtering_Target_Al_sub_2_sub_O_sub_3_sub__9d286dd37e.jpg?v=1777612935"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-10-mm-x-10-mm-4h-n-type-sic-research-grade-silicon-carbide-crystal-substrate","title":"MSE PRO 10 mm x 10 mm 4H N-Type SiC, Research Grade, Silicon Carbide Crystal Substrate","description":"\u003ch2\u003e10 mm x 10 mm Silicon Carbide Crystal Substrate 4H (0001) N-Type SiC, Research Grade, Double Side Polished, Si face CMP polished (epi ready)\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003eProduct SKU#\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003eWA0335\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSize\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10 mm x 10 mm (+\/- 1mm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThickness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e350 um +\/- 25 um (N type)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCrystal Orientation\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4 +\/- 0.5 deg off axis \u0026lt;0001\u0026gt;\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003eMicropipe Density (MPD)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003eless than 15 cm\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003eDoping Concentration\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eN-type: ~ 1E18\/cm3\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eElectrical Resistivity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4H-N\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.015~0.025 Ohm-cm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSurface Roughness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePolish Ra 1 nm (C face, marked with a dot)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCMP Ra 0.5 nm (Si face)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePROPERTIES OF SILICON CARBIDE CRYSTAL MATERIALS\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eProperty\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4H-SiC Single Crystal\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e6H-SiC Single Crystal\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLattice Parameters (Å)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea=3.076\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec=10.053\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea=3.073\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec=15.117\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStacking Sequence\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eABCB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eABCACB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDensity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.21\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.21\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMohs Hardness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e~9.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e~9.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient (CTE) (\/K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4-5 x \u003cspan\u003e10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4-5 x \u003cspan\u003e10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRefraction Index @750nm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eno = 2.61\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ene = 2.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eno = 2.60\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ene = 2.65\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDielectric Constant\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec ~ 9.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec ~ 9.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDoping Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eN-type or Semi-insulating\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eN-type or Semi-insulating\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity (W\/cm K @298K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(N-type, 0.02 ohm-cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.7\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity (W\/cm K @298K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Semi-insulating type)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.6\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBand-gap (eV)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.23\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.02\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreak-Down Electrical Field (V\/cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3-5 x 10\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3-5 x 10\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSaturation Drift Velocity (m\/s)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.0 x 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.0 x 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWafer and Substrate Sizes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" width=\"426\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWafers: 2, 3, 4, 6 inch; smaller substrates: 10x10, 20x20 mm, other sizes are available and can be custom-made upon request\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct Grades\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" width=\"426\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA Grade Zero \u003cspan\u003emicropipe density\u003c\/span\u003e (MPD 1 \u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eB Grade Production grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e 5 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC Grade Research grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e 15 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eD Grade Dummy grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e 30 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrice\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMSE Supplies offers the best price on the market for high quality SiC wafers and SiC crystal substrates up to six (6) inch diameter. Our price matching policy guarantees you the best price for the SiC crystal products with comparable specifications. \u003ca title=\"contact MSE Supplies for quote for SiC wafers and crystal substrates\" href=\"mailto:sales@msesupplies.com\"\u003eCONTACT US\u003c\/a\u003e today to get your quote.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustomization\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCustomized SiC crystal products can be made to meet customer's particular requirements and specifications.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":22947673276474,"sku":"WA0335","price":98.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/565_MSE_PRO_10_mm_x_10_mm_4H_N-Type_SiC_Research_Grade_Silicon_Carbide_Crystal_Subst_36b9f9287f.jpg?v=1777614751"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-10x10x1-mm-4h-semi-insulating-type-sic-research-grade-silicon-carbide-crystal-substrate","title":"MSE PRO 10x10x1 mm 4H Semi-Insulating Type SiC, Research Grade, Silicon Carbide Crystal Substrate","description":"\u003ch2\u003e10x10x1 mm 4H Semi-Insulating Type SiC (0001), Research Grade, Silicon Carbide Crystal Substrate, Double Side Polished, Si face CMP polished (epi ready)\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003eProduct SKU#\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003eWA0334\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSize\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10 mm x 10 mm (+\/- 1mm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThickness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1000 um +\/- 50 um (SI type)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCrystal Orientation\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn axis: \u0026lt;0001\u0026gt; +\/- 0.5 deg for 4H-SI\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003eMicropipe Density (MPD)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003eless than 15 cm\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003eDoping Concentration\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSI-type (V-doped): ~ 5E18\/cm3\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eElectrical Resistivity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4H-SI\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;1E5  Ohm-cm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSurface Roughness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePolish Ra 1 nm (C face, marked)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCMP Ra 0.5 nm (Si face)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePROPERTIES OF SILICON CARBIDE CRYSTAL MATERIALS\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eProperty\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4H-SiC Single Crystal\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e6H-SiC Single Crystal\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLattice Parameters (Å)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea=3.076\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec=10.053\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea=3.073\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec=15.117\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStacking Sequence\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eABCB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eABCACB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDensity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.21\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.21\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMohs Hardness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e~9.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e~9.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient (CTE) (\/K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4-5x\u003cspan\u003e10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4-5x\u003cspan\u003e10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRefraction Index @750nm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eno = 2.61\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ene = 2.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eno = 2.60\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ene = 2.65\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDielectric Constant\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec ~ 9.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec ~ 9.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDoping Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eN-type or Semi-insulating\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eN-type or Semi-insulating\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity (W\/cm K @298K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(N-type, 0.02 ohm-cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.7\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity (W\/cm K @298K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Semi-insulating type)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.6\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBand-gap (eV)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.23\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.02\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreak-Down Electrical Field (V\/cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3-5 x 10\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3-5 x 10\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSaturation Drift Velocity (m\/s)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.0 x 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.0 x 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWafer and Substrate Sizes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"426\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWafers: 2, 3, 4, 6 inch; smaller substrates: 10x10, 20x20 mm, other sizes are available and can be custom-made upon request\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct Grades\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"426\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA Grade Zero \u003cspan\u003emicropipe density\u003c\/span\u003e (MPD 1 \u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eB Grade Production grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e 5 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC Grade Research grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e 15 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eD Grade Dummy grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e 30 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrice\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMSE Supplies offers the best price on the market for high quality SiC wafers and SiC crystal substrates up to six (6) inch diameter. Our price matching policy guarantees you the best price for the SiC crystal products with comparable specifications. \u003ca href=\"mailto:sales@msesupplies.com\" title=\"contact MSE Supplies for quote for SiC wafers and crystal substrates\"\u003eCONTACT US\u003c\/a\u003e today to get your quote.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustomization\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCustomized SiC crystal products can be made to meet customer's particular requirements and specifications.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":22947917398074,"sku":"WA0334","price":131.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/566_MSE_PRO_10x10x1_mm_4H_Semi-Insulating_Type_SiC_Research_Grade_Silicon_Carbide_Cr_968e37542f.jpg?v=1777614765"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-10-mm-x-10-mm-6h-semi-insulating-type-sic-research-grade-silicon-carbide-crystal-substrate","title":"MSE PRO 10 mm x 10 mm 6H Semi-Insulating Type SiC, Research Grade, Silicon Carbide Crystal Substrate","description":"\u003ch2\u003e10 mm x 10 mm 6H Semi-Insulating Type SiC (0001), Research Grade, Silicon Carbide Crystal Substrate, Single Side Polished, Si face CMP polished (epi ready)\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003eProduct SKU#\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003eWA0337\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSize\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10 mm x 10 mm (+\/- 1 mm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThickness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e330 um +\/- 25 um (SI type)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCrystal Orientation\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eOn axis: \u0026lt;0001\u0026gt; +\/- 0.5 deg for 6H-SI\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003eMicropipe Density (MPD)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003eless than 15 cm\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003eDoping Concentration\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003eSI-type (V-doped): ~ 5E18\/cm3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eElectrical Resistivity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6H-SI\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;1E5  Ohm-cm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSurface Roughness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnpolished (C face, marked)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCMP Ra 0.5 nm (Si face)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePROPERTIES OF SILICON CARBIDE CRYSTAL MATERIALS\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eProperty\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4H-SiC Single Crystal\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e6H-SiC Single Crystal\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLattice Parameters (Å)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea=3.076\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec=10.053\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea=3.073\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec=15.117\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStacking Sequence\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eABCB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eABCACB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDensity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.21\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.21\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMohs Hardness\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e~9.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e~9.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient (CTE) (\/K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4-5 x \u003cspan\u003e10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4-5 x \u003cspan\u003e10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRefraction Index @750nm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eno = 2.61\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ene = 2.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eno = 2.60\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ene = 2.65\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDielectric Constant\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec ~ 9.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec ~ 9.66\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDoping Type\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eN-type or Semi-insulating\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eN-type or Semi-insulating\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity (W\/cm-K @298K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(N-type, 0.02 ohm-cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.7\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity (W\/cm-K @298K)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Semi-insulating type)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea~4.6\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec~3.2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBand-gap (eV)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.23\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.02\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreak-Down Electrical Field (V\/cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3-5 x 10\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3-5 x10\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSaturation Drift Velocity (m\/s)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.0 x 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.0 x 10\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWafer and Substrate Sizes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" width=\"426\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWafers: 2, 3, 4, 6 inch; smaller substrates: 10x10, 20x20 mm, other sizes are available and can be custom-made upon request\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"213\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct Grades\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\" width=\"426\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA Grade Zero \u003cspan\u003emicropipe density\u003c\/span\u003e (MPD \u0026lt; 1 \u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eB Grade Production grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD \u0026lt;\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e 5 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC Grade Research grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u0026lt; \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e15 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eD Grade Dummy grade \u003cspan\u003e(MPD \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt; \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e30 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003ecm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e-2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrice\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMSE Supplies offers the best price on the market for high quality SiC wafers and SiC crystal substrates up to six (6) inch diameter. Our price matching policy guarantees you the best price for the SiC crystal products with comparable specifications. \u003ca title=\"contact MSE Supplies for quote for SiC wafers and crystal substrates\" href=\"mailto:sales@msesupplies.com\"\u003eCONTACT US\u003c\/a\u003e today to get your quote.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustomization\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCustomized SiC crystal products can be made to meet customer's particular requirements and specifications.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":22948050403386,"sku":"WA0337","price":142.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/567_MSE_PRO_10_mm_x_10_mm_6H_Semi-Insulating_Type_SiC_Research_Grade_Silicon_Carbide_e85b3abfea.jpg?v=1777614779"},{"product_id":"mse-pro-100-mm-p-type-b-doped-prime-grade-silicon-wafer-100-ssp-10-20-ohm-cm","title":"MSE PRO 100 mm P Type (B-doped) Prime Grade Silicon Wafer \u003c100\u003e, SSP, 10-20 ohm-cm","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e100 mm P Type (B-doped) SEMI Standard Prime Grade Silicon Wafer \u0026lt;100\u0026gt;, 10-20 ohm-cm, Single Side Polished, 4 inch Si Wafer\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct SKU#: WA0801\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaterial: Single Crystal Silicon Wafer\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrowth Method: MCZ\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrientation: \u0026lt;100\u0026gt;\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiameter: 100 mm +\/- 0.5 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness: 525 um +\/- 20 um (SSP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Flat Orientation: \u0026lt;110\u0026gt; +\/-1 deg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrimary Flat Length: 32.5 +\/- 2.5 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecondary Flat Orientation: 90 deg from primary flat\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecondary Flat Length: 18.0 +\/- 2.0 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eType\/ Dopant: P\/ Boron\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThermal Expansion Coefficient: \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e2.6·10\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e-6\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e°C \u003c\/span\u003e\u003csup data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e-1\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eElectrical Resistivity: 10-20 ohm-cm\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRRV: 8% (6mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOxygen Content: 1.6 x 10^18 atoms\/cm3\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCarbon Content: 0.5 ppm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGBIR\/ TTV: 5 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWARP: 30 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBOW: 30 um\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFront Surface: CMP Polished, Ra \u0026lt; 0.5 nm (single side polished, SSP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePackage: Packaged in a class 100 clean room environment, in cassettes of 25 pcs under vacuum or in single wafer containers.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePlease contact us if you have bulk orders or need customization.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MSE Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41420262408250,"sku":"WA0801","price":32.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/files\/675_MSE_PRO_100_mm_P_Type_B-doped_Prime_Grade_Silicon_Wafer_100_SSP_10-20_ohm-cm_1ba4ee83b8.jpg?v=1777616274"}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0722\/7785\/collections\/MSE_Vertical_Standard_1_e18863df-474f-4001-b54f-d176f88eb379.png?v=1769048831","url":"https:\/\/www.msesupplies.com\/collections\/mse-pro-single-crystals-wafers-and-substrates\/single-crystals-and-substrates.oembed?page=2","provider":"MSE Supplies","version":"1.0","type":"link"}